2017-10-2917: 30 words 1446 reading 0? diary
Hello everyone! I said that the content of the textbook is the first volume of fifth-grade primary school mathematics published by People's Education Publishing House. Let me talk about it from three aspects: curriculum standards, teaching materials and suggestions. First of all, curriculum standards, curriculum standards, I start with the overall goal of the course, the goal of this book.
Mathematics curriculum standard puts forward in the overall goal: through mathematics learning in compulsory education stage, students can acquire the necessary mathematics knowledge, basic skills, basic ideas and basic activity experience to adapt to social life and further development. Mathematical thinking method is the soul of mathematics. As mathematics teachers, we should consciously infiltrate the mathematical thinking contained in textbooks into students. Japanese mathematician Mishanguo said that the mathematical knowledge that students have learned has little chance of application after entering the society. But no matter what job they are engaged in, only the mathematical spirit, thinking method, research method, reasoning method and concentration deeply engraved in their minds will play a role anytime and anywhere and benefit them for life. Therefore, in education and teaching, we should choose the right time and method, and consciously infiltrate the students with the right mathematical ideas and methods, so that students can feel the mathematical ideas and methods and benefit for life.
The overall goal of the course is to enable students to understand mathematical knowledge, the relationship between mathematics and other disciplines, and the relationship between mathematics and life, to think in a mathematical way, and to enhance their ability to discover, ask, analyze and solve problems.
The third point is to understand the value of mathematics, improve the interest in learning mathematics, enhance the confidence in learning mathematics well, develop good study habits, and have a preliminary sense of innovation and a scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts.
The goal of the study period is from four aspects: knowledge, skills, mathematical thinking and emotional attitude to solve problems. The first volume of grade five belongs to the second phase, and the required knowledge and skills are to master the necessary operating skills, initially determine the position of objects, understand the characteristics of geometry and plane graphics, experience the equal possibility of events and the fairness of the game. Mathematics is thinking, and simple problems can be described and solved by numbers, letters and charts. Exploring the position of graphics is related to the development of space concept. In the process of solving problems, you can explain them in an orderly way. The goal of problem solving is to put forward and solve problems from the perspective of mathematics, cultivate cooperative consciousness, experience the diversity of problem solving and strategies, experience the close relationship between mathematics and life, and stimulate confidence in learning mathematics well.
The goal of this volume is from four aspects: the comprehensive application of number and algebraic space and graphic statistics and probability. Number and algebra includes the first unit decimal multiplication, the third unit decimal division, and the fifth unit simple equation, the contents of three units. Students are required to master the written calculation of decimal multiplication and division. In specific situations, they will use letters to represent numbers, understand the properties of equations, solve simple equations with the properties of equations, and use equations to represent quantitative relations in simple situations. Space and graphics, including the positions of the first and second cells, the polygon area of the sixth cell and the contents of the two cells. Ask students to draw simple figures and figures after movement on square paper to understand the basic method of determining the position of objects. Explore and master the area formula of parallelogram triangle trapezoid. The content of statistical probability is the fourth unit possibility, and the learning goal is to experience the equal possibility of events and the fairness of game rules, and to find the possibility of certain events; It can predict the possibility of simple events and further understand the role of probability in real life. Comprehensive practical application, including solving problems in each chapter, and planting trees in chapter 7. The learning goal is to understand the extensive relationship between mathematics and life through mathematical activities, learn to comprehensively use the knowledge and methods learned to solve simple practical problems, deepen the understanding of the knowledge learned, acquire the thinking method of solving problems by using mathematics, and communicate and cooperate with others.
The second is teaching materials. When it comes to textbooks, I will talk about them from four aspects: the characteristics of arrangement style and the three-dimensional integration of content structure. The writing style of the textbook is: situational introduction, example teaching, in-class practice and after-class consolidation. Situational lead-in fully shows the actual background of mathematical problems and can stimulate students' interest in learning. Followed by example teaching. Classroom exercises are done after examples, which can consolidate new knowledge in time, help teachers and test students' learning effect. After-class consolidation is after-class exercise. Do you know what's behind it? Consolidate after class, pay attention to the universal adaptability of teaching materials, and provide students with room for development. Enable students to review in time and build a knowledge system.
Next is the writing characteristics of the textbook. The first is the arrangement of decimals, multiplication and division, which deeply understands the idea of transformation. Before learning this part, students have learned the multiplication and division of integers, so it is necessary to change the multiplication and division of decimals into the multiplication and division of integers. The arrangement of simple equations embodies the openness of exploration and mathematical thinking. This equation is derived from the principle of equilibrium. Provide rich teaching content of graphic geometry. For example, learning the area of parallelogram, triangle, trapezoid and combination figure focuses on students' independent exploration in practice. This textbook, the possibility, the design of this chapter, through examples, let students feel simple random phenomena. Decimal multiplication and division, polygon area calculation, formula derivation, mathematical thinking method of infiltration transformation. The area of parallelogram allows students to convert it into rectangle by simple spelling. After conversion, the base of parallelogram becomes the length of rectangle, and the height of parallelogram becomes the width of rectangle. It is easy to draw that the area of a parallelogram is equal to the base times the height. The area of the triangle, let the students put two identical triangles together into a parallelogram, and also deduce the area of the triangle. Do you know the mathematics in life in the textbook? It provides rich materials for learning mathematics hobbies, focusing on reflecting the relationship between mathematics and life and the cultural background of mathematics.
Next, talk about the content structure of the textbook. Numbers and algebra, including unit 1, decimal multiplication, unit 3, decimal division, unit 5, simple equation. Space and graphics include the position of the second cell and the polygon area of the sixth cell. Statistical probability, including unit 4 possibility, comprehensive practice and application, including problem solving, tree planting, and unit 8 general review.
Let me talk about my views on content integration. Decimal multiplication is learned on the basis that students have mastered the integer four, so the meaning and essence of decimal operation is decimal addition and subtraction. The main content is to extend the calculation method of decimal multiplication, the law of divisor product and integer multiplication to decimals. Subsequent knowledge is decimals, multiplication and division fractions, multiplication and division, and percentages. The main content of the second unit location is to describe a simple road map, which can represent the location with several pairs on grid paper. It is based on the fact that students have been able to describe the relative position of objects with up, down, left, right and left. For the third period, in a given rectangular coordinate system, the position of a point can be traced according to the coordinates, and its coordinates can be written from the position of the point, thus laying the foundation for establishing a suitable rectangular coordinate system. These three stages, from shallow to deep, step by step, spiral upward. The main content of unit 3 is the calculation method of fractional division, the divisor of quotient, and exploring the law of solving problems with calculator. It is based on students' mastery of the four operations of integers, the meaning and nature of decimals, the addition and subtraction of decimals and the multiplication of decimals. Subsequent knowledge is fractions, multiplication and division, and percentages. The main contents of Unit 4 Possibility are equal possibility, fairness of games and probability of simple events. It is based on the certainty and uncertainty that students have mastered. It lays a foundation for the later research to understand the significance of probability. The main content of Unit 5 Simple Equation is to use letters to represent numbers to solve simple equations and solve simple practical problems. It is learned on the basis that students have mastered some arithmetic knowledge and contacted a little algebra knowledge. Follow-up knowledge, further study algebra knowledge. The main content of polygon area of unit 6 is the calculation method of parallelogram triangle trapezoid. It is based on the fact that students have learned the characteristics of parallelogram, triangle and trapezoid and the area of rectangle and square. Subsequent knowledge is the area of a circle and the area of a three-dimensional figure.
Finally, suggestions, suggestions, suggestions, evaluation suggestions, and suggestions on resource development and utilization. The teaching suggestions are as follows: First, study the curriculum standards carefully, study the teaching materials carefully, and comprehensively analyze the learning situation. Second, when learning the teaching content, we should count every example and exercise. While grasping the key points and difficulties in teaching, we should give full consideration to the formation clues of knowledge and the cognitive clues of students' learning. On this basis, supplement and improve the review and teaching materials resources. Third, the scientific analysis of learning situation is the premise of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and improving teaching efficiency. The analysis of learning situation includes understanding students' basic knowledge, learning attitude, habits and abilities, life experience and learning environment, so as to have a clear understanding of the overall level of the teaching class, so as to carry out layered teaching in time. The design of questions should pay attention to thinking and challenges, which is conducive to classroom generation and shows students' thinking process of acquiring knowledge. At the same time, it is necessary to presuppose students' thinking process of solving problems, fully estimate the difficulties that students may encounter, and think about how to presuppose teaching guidance strategies according to various situations that may occur during students' learning.
Pay attention to 1 in teaching organization and implementation. Classroom adjustment should pay attention to dynamic and static collocation, arrange deskmate cooperation through teacher-student dialogue, or cooperate in groups of four before and after, and choose appropriate questions and opportunities. The number of cooperative learning in one class should not be too much. Second, the teaching language should be refined and standardized, the ideas of problem-solving methods should be refined and summarized in time, students' mathematical expressions should be paid attention to, and students should gradually develop rational reasoning habits. Thirdly, according to the teaching feedback information, we should reasonably standardize or adjust the teaching objectives and processes, be good at screening and effectively using classroom-generated resources, and pay special attention to the capture and utilization of typical error resources. Fourth, pay attention to the selection and application of teaching media, such as blackboard writing design, multimedia courseware and other key and difficult points in teaching, and play a simple and effective role. The following chapters will talk about my views in detail. Decimal multiplication and division is mainly a method to explore the law and strengthen the understanding of mathematical transformation. The simple equation is mainly to standardize writing and increase appropriate practice. The area of a polygon, first of all, allows students to experience the process of spelling and swinging, which is a method of hands-on operation and transformation. Possibility, let students pay attention to understanding.
The evaluation suggestions are: pay attention to the evaluation of students' learning process, properly evaluate students' mastery of basic knowledge and skills, pay attention to the evaluation of students' ability to find and solve problems, and the evaluation methods should be diversified and the evaluation results should be presented in a qualitative way. Curriculum standards require not only paying attention to students' intuition, which means understanding and mastering a skill, but also paying attention to the formation and development of students' emotions and attitudes. In the final analysis, education is to cultivate happy people! The ways of evaluating students should be diversified, so that every child can live a happy and complete educational life, thus creating a happy and complete life!
Development and utilization of curriculum resources: curriculum resources are mainly guided by teaching materials, and play the role of school-based curriculum in campus cultural reading room. Learn to use network resources to learn. There was a survey that the educational resources of the poor and the rich were unbalanced, so people in the education field developed some TV programs to let the poor also enjoy advanced educational resources. However, the survey found that the poor still don't use these TV programs to study, while the rich will guide their children to study on TV programs and the Internet. Therefore, we must guide students and pay more attention to network resources. At the same time, a large number of media should be used to play the role of audio-visual materials in mobilizing children's enthusiasm. There are also local natural features, folk customs and social resources of the first culture that can be used.
Suhomlinski, an educator in the former Soviet Union, once said that the syllabus and textbooks stipulate all kinds of knowledge for children, but not the most important thing for students, that is, happiness! Our educational belief should be to cultivate real people, so that everyone cultivated from their own hands can spend a happy life.