The mathematical knowledge contained in this book is no longer satisfactory to me.

These two sentences are basically ok, but they can be slightly modified: (for reference only)

1. The mathematical knowledge in this book doesn't satisfy me.

The knowledge of mathematics in this book can't satisfy me.

Or: I'm not satisfied with the math knowledge in this book.

The mathematical knowledge contained in this book can't satisfy me.

Or: The mathematical knowledge contained in this book is not enough.

Or: I am not satisfied with the mathematical knowledge contained in this book.

Knowledge, an uncountable noun, should not be preceded by these.