? There is a passage in the brochure of the Swedish Ministry of Education for primary and secondary school teachers, which probably means that the duty of schools and teachers is to let students come to school happily and go home happily. If students don't want to come to school, it is the dereliction of duty of the school and teachers.

However, learning is a rather boring thing after all. How to make students feel that school is not boring is really a big problem.

The answers given by Swedish schools and teachers are: first, cultivate interest. The second is graded education. How to cultivate interest, we will talk about it later, and today we will talk about Sweden's graded education in detail.

Textbook grading

In Sweden, there are two versions of textbooks for many subjects: the ordinary version and the improved version. At the beginning of each semester, teachers will distribute different versions of teaching materials according to students' own requirements. If the student's understanding of his level is not clear enough, the teacher will give advice in real time to help him choose the appropriate version. If a child with learning ability wants to be lazy and choose the normal version, the teacher will let him challenge the improved version and even contact parents to do the children's ideological work.

Of course, there will be extremely extreme situations. Take mathematics as an example. One kind is children who find it difficult even for the ordinary version, so they will use the lower version of textbooks and exercises. The other is that for children who still feel that the version is easy to improve, they can get an advanced version of the challenge level. Moreover, this difficult version of the exercise is somewhat similar to the domestic Olympic math problem.

If we take the Swedish textbook as an example, the ordinary version has simple words, short sentences and few descriptions, which is more like the shortened version of the improved version. Swedish name is l? ttl？ However, the content of the improved textbook has obviously increased, the difficulty of using words has become greater, and the sentence pattern is relatively complicated. Therefore, the matching exercises are different in difficulty.

But the teacher still ensures that most children complete ordinary and improved textbooks in class. On the basis of completing the improved version of the exercises, children who have spare capacity can complete the advanced version of the exercises themselves if they still have time, but the teacher will never talk about the advanced version of the exercises in class.

Job classification

Take Mike's English homework for example. The teacher will grade the homework and then let the children choose according to their own situation. For example, English general homework: be familiar with English texts, know the Swedish meaning of important English words in the texts, and be able to translate the full text into Swedish orally.

Challenge-level homework: be able to recite English texts completely and translate them into Swedish. Make sentences in English for all the important words in the text.

Top homework: Make these important English words into an English essay by yourself.

Each student can choose according to his own actual situation.

Evaluation and grading

When it comes to assessment, children from preschool to third grade in Sweden have no exams, and of course they have no exam results. From the fourth grade, the usual unit quizzes began to increase, but the results were never announced to the public. Teachers will only use software similar to domestic home-school links to send them to parents separately.

But if it is a quiz in class, such as word dictation, the teacher's evaluation still needs to be graded.

In China, children learn English, and teachers write in class. It is wrong to mistake every English word for a letter. In Sweden, the teacher says a word in Swedish and asks you to write the corresponding English word. If the child thinks of the corresponding English words, that's right. If the spelling is completely correct, add a right.

For example, the teacher said bil (Swedish car). If the child writes kar, it is a couple. If the child writes a car, it is two pairs. Before the examination, you can also choose the ordinary level, that is, you can only get one pair for each word, or you can choose the challenge level, that is, you can get two pairs. So almost every child's English dictation is "right".

You might say, those children are sure to be lazy. Everyone chooses the simple level. Not really. Many children may choose the simple one at first, but after several times, they will feel bored and not challenging, but will choose the difficult one by themselves. So in the end, the whole class will choose the scoring method of the challenge level.

Consulting grading

In essence, education in Sweden is not a "top-notch" education, but a "low-high" education. Those children who are "hungry" and spare no effort to study will not get more favor and guidance from teachers except giving you more challenging exercises at school, and even choose to participate in various competitions and trainings.

For students who can't keep up, the school will specially transfer teachers to "open a small stove", which is called elevst in Swedish? D. (Support students) Especially in the sixth and ninth grades, there will be a national exam that year, and the teachers will go all out to ensure that every child can pass the exam.

Cross-grade teaching

Private schools are not under the jurisdiction of government departments like public schools, so they are more flexible in teaching. Some private schools can even arrange different subjects to study across grades. If a child goes to school in the fourth grade, but his math level is in the sixth grade and his Swedish level is in the fifth grade, then the child can take math in the sixth grade, Swedish in the fifth grade and other subjects in the fourth grade. This arrangement is similar to the domestic advanced placement, but it is different. This kind of cross-grade teaching can not only satisfy children's own thirst for knowledge, but also conform to their own age characteristics. In other words, children can play with their peers, but when learning knowledge, they can study in advance according to their own abilities, taking into account physical and mental development.

abstract

Sweden's graded education system, at least, teaches students in accordance with their aptitude, and at the highest, respects human nature. In fact, whether children or adults, everyone is lazy. When encountering difficulties, graded education not only respects children's choices, but also does not lose teachers' guidance. The child's self-confidence is established. Of course, the Ministry of Education is very careful about the classification of teaching materials and the setting of supporting exercises, which is also the reason why Swedish graded education can be implemented.

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