China has made brilliant achievements in mathematics in history. A famous mathematician appeared. There were Liu Hui in the Three Kingdoms, Zu Chongzhi and his son in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Wang Xiaotong in the early Tang Dynasty, Jia Xian and Shen Kuo in the Northern Song Dynasty and Qin, Yang Hui, Zhu Shijie in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. They all made innovations in different fields of mathematics. China's ancient mathematical masterpiece Nine Chapters Arithmetic is world-renowned. Compared with the later Babylonian mathematics in the same period, the achievement of Nine Chapters Arithmetic is far superior. When it comes to pi, Liu Hui and Zu Chongzhi are mentioned, and when it comes to solving higher-order mathematical equations, Jia Xian, Qin and Yang Hui are mentioned.

A mathematical book written by Arab mathematicians in the 10 century is called Al-Ugri Desi Arithmetic, which was published in 1978. Euclid here does not refer to Euclid who wrote down primitive geometry in ancient Greece. In the Middle Ages, Arabs regarded Euclid as a saint, so some mathematical works were dubbed Euclid. Among them, multiplication, three-digit multiplication and column multiplication first multiply the multiplicand by the first digit of the multiplier, then multiply the multiplicand by the second digit of the multiplier, and finally get the product. Its steps are consistent with the ancient China calculation multiplication.

In the calculation, one step represents five and the next step represents one, so I even think that the last bead represents five and the next bead represents one. From preparation to abacus, we can find the historical context. It used to be said that mathematics in Ming Dynasty was backward, but abacus was widely used in Ming Dynasty and spread to Japan, Korea and Southeast Asian countries.