2. The test questions and answers of the Chinese ancient Chinese test paper in Grade One should be faster. 7- 1. "Ten Analects of Confucius" 1 Confucius said: "Learn from time to time, don't say it? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Ignorance and dissatisfaction are not gentlemen? " (2) Ceng Zi said: "I save three times a day: Are you unfaithful to others?" Don't believe in making friends? Can't you learn? "(3) Confucius said," review and learn new things, can be a teacher. "
Confucius said, "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous." ⑤ Confucius said, "Why should I teach women to know? A person's real knowledge lies in knowing what he knows and what he doesn't know.
⑥ Confucius said: "See the sage Si Qi Yan, see the sage and introspect." 7 Confucius said, "In a threesome, there must be a teacher; Choose good and follow it, but change it if it is not good. "
Ceng Zi said, "Scholars have a long way to go to strive for self-improvement. Isn't it important to think that benevolence is your responsibility? After death.
Isn't it far? ⑨ Confucius said, "Cold tells the decline of pine and cypress." Attending Zigong asked, "Who can walk away for life without saying a word?" Confucius said, "Be lenient with others! Don't do to others what you don't want. "
Confucius, whose real name is Zhong Ni, is a great thinker, educator and founder of Confucian school in Chinese history, and is known as "great achievement". His thoughts and theories have made immortal contributions to China culture and even world civilization, and UNESCO listed him as one of the top ten celebrities in the world.
The Analects of Confucius is a book that records the words and deeds of Confucius and some of his disciples, with a total of 20 articles, which is one of the classic works of Confucianism. Style is mainly recorded style, dialogue style and narrative style.
Education is the main content, including philosophy, history, politics, economy, art, religion and so on. We can see the political life of the society at that time, and see the personality cultivation, academic attitude and lifestyle of Confucius and his disciples.
As the saying goes (say-please women-know-wisdom), people don't know and don't care (yùn). Learning without thinking is useless (w m w m wǎng). Thinking without learning is dangerous (dài). Don't say (y ǐ t know and don't care (y ǐ n). Isn't that a gentleman? [Explanation] "Shi" is an adverb here, which is equivalent to "Shi" and can be interpreted as "according to a certain time" or "timely". The original meaning of "learning" is "bird flying", which is extended to "practice" and "exercise".
The etiquette, music, shooting, defense and other courses taught by Confucius all need practice to master; But other classes, such as lectures, can only be "review" or "review" and "friends".
It is similar to the current "classmates" and "classmates". "Friends" refer to like-minded people.
What do "people don't know" and "don't know"? I didn't say it, but the meaning was clear, that is, "myself". "Gentleman" has many meanings in The Analects: sometimes it refers to a moral person; Sometimes it refers to a person in a high position.
This sentence can take the former meaning. Because this word is also commonly used now, everyone knows its meaning, and we have no translation; Must be translated, can also be translated into "noble".
Confucius said, "isn't it a pleasure to learn (knowledge) and then practice (review) at a certain time?" Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Others don't know me, but I don't dislike it. Aren't you also a gentleman? "The first sentence is about learning methods. The second sentence is about the fun of learning.
The third sentence is about people's attitude, which belongs to the category of personal cultivation. ◆ Ceng Zi said, "I am in three Japanese provinces (xǐng). My body: Is it cheating on others? Don't believe in making friends? Can't you learn? " [Explanation] In The Analects of Confucius, Confucius' disciples generally call it Zhong You, Zi Gong as Duanmu Ci, and Zi as Zeng Shen, because this book was written by the disciples of Confucius' second or third biography and was taught by Zeng Shen.
"Three provinces", more introspection. In classical Chinese, "three" and "nine" all mean "many", not exact numbers.
The following three things are purely coincidental. In Zhu's view, learning is the most important thing. "Passing" means learning from teachers, "learning" means knowing yourself, and "loyalty" and "faith" are the basis of "passing" and "learning".
Ceng Zi said: "I will reflect on myself many times every day: Have I tried my best to work for others? Is it honest to associate with friends? Have you reviewed what the teacher taught you? " It can be seen that ancient literati attached great importance to moral cultivation. ◆ Review the past and learn the new, and you can be a teacher.
[Explanation] Confucius said: "After reviewing old knowledge, you can have new experiences and discoveries and become a teacher." This article also talks about learning methods, emphasizing the necessity of independent thinking, because only "reviewing the past" without independent thinking will definitely not achieve the purpose of "knowing the new".
In the past, there was an understanding that "reviewing old knowledge" (reviewing old knowledge) and "learning new knowledge" (acquiring new knowledge) were two complementary aspects. For example, Xia Zi said that "the day knows what it has, and the month never forgets what it can do" (see The Analects of Confucius, Zhang Zi) because the word "be a teacher by example" was ignored. Confucius recorded this sentence in the Book of Rites: "Learning the backrest problem is not enough to be a teacher."
This shows that Confucius thinks that he can only recite some knowledge and cannot be a teacher of others. Only by mastering knowledge and finding something in reviewing old knowledge can we "be a teacher". It can be seen that "reviewing the past and learning the new" are not two things that go hand in hand. The key is to "know the new", which requires independent thinking.
◆ Confucius said: "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous." [Explanation] Confucius said: "If you only read and don't think, you will be confused and get nothing; It is dangerous to dream without reading. "
This book also talks about learning methods, expounds the dialectical relationship between learning and thinking, and thinks that both can't be neglected. ◆ Confucius said: "You, teach your daughter to know! Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, but knowing. "
[Explanation] Confucius said: "I will teach you the attitude towards knowing and not knowing: knowing is knowing, and not knowing is not knowing-this is wisdom." The last word "knowledge" should be pronounced, and "wisdom" should be passed on.
What Confucius means is to be careful what you say and do, and not to exaggerate your knowledge and skills. To use modern expression means to have a modest learning attitude.
◆ Confucius said: "See the sage Si Qi Yan, see the sage and introspect." ◆ Confucius said: "There must be a threesome.
3. The first volume of grade five contains 10 interesting math problems and answers. 1. There are 100 chickens and rabbits. A chicken has 28 fewer legs than a rabbit. How many chickens and rabbits are there? 6. Pigeon hole principle, parity problem 1. A cloth bag contains gloves of the same size and different colors, including black, red, blue and yellow. How many gloves must be pulled out to ensure three pairs of gloves of the same color? 2. There are several four-color building blocks, and everyone can take 1-2 at will. At least several people need to take it to ensure that there are 50 balls in a box, of which 10 is only red, 10 is only green, 10 is only yellow and 10 is only blue. 1. Party A, Party B and Party C plant trees in plots A and B respectively, with 900 trees in plot A and 0/250 trees in plot B. It is known that Party A, Party B and Party C can plant 24, 30 and 32 trees every day, of which Party A plants trees in plot B, and Party B plants trees in plot A first and then moves to plot B.. There are three grasslands with an area of 5 15 and 24 mu respectively. The grass on the grassland is as thick and grows as fast. The first grassland can feed 10 cows for 30 days, and the second grassland can feed 28 cows for 45 days. How many cows can eat on the third grass for 80 days? 3. A project, contracted by both parties, can be completed in 2.4 days and needs to be paid 1800 yuan; Contracted by Team B and Team C, it can be completed in 3+3/4 days, and it needs to be paid 1500 yuan; Contracted by two teams, Party A, Party B and Party C, it can be completed in 2+6/7 days at a cost of 1.600 yuan. On the premise of ensuring the completion within one week, which team will spend the least? There is a rectangular iron block in the cylindrical container. Now turn on the tap and pour the water into the container. In 3 minutes, the water surface is just above the top of the cuboid. Within 18 minutes, the container has been filled with water. It is known that the height of a container is 50 cm and the height of a cuboid is 20 cm. Find the ratio of the bottom area of a cuboid to the bottom area of a container. 5. Two bosses, A and B, buy a fashion at the same price. B bought 1/5 sets more than A, and then A and B sold them at 80% and 50% profits respectively. After both of them were sold out, A still made more profits than B, just enough for him to buy another 10 set of this fashion. How many sets of this fashion A did you buy? 6. There are two water pipes A and B, and water is injected into two pools with the same size at the same time. At the same time, the water injection ratio of A and B is 7:5. After 2+ 1/3 hours, the sum of the water injected into A and B is just a pool. At this time, the water injection rate of pipe A is increased by 25%, while pipe B remains unchanged. Xiao Ming walks from home to school in the morning. When he ran halfway, his father found that Xiao Ming's math book was left at home, and then he rode to deliver it to Xiao Ming. When he caught up, Xiao Ming still had 3/ 10 to go. Xiao Ming got on his father's car at once and was sent to school by his father, so Xiao Ming arrived at school five minutes earlier than walking alone. How long does it take Xiaoming to walk from home to school? 8. Car A and car B both start from place A and pass through place B to place C. The distance between the two places is equal to the distance from place B to place C. The speed of car B is 80% of that of car A. It is known that car B started earlier than car A 1 1 minute, but stayed in place B for 7 minutes, but car A drove all the way to place C. Finally, car B was later than car A. Two cleaning vehicles, A and B, perform the road cleaning task between East and West City. It takes 15 hours for car A to clean alone, and 15 hours for car B to clean alone. Two cars leave from East and West at the same time. When they met, car A cleaned more than car B 12 kilometers. How many kilometers is there between East and West? /kloc-4 containers of 0/0.3 tons, 5 containers of 2.5 tons, 1 0.5 tons/4 containers, and 7 containers of1ton. So how many cars with a load of 4.5 tons are needed to transport all the containers at once? .
4. Find an interesting strange math problem ~ 1, and five copied students line up to take pictures. Q: (1)*** How many permutations are there? (2) If someone doesn't sit at both ends, how many arrangements does * * * have? (3) If two seats are adjacent, how many arrangements are there? In analysis (2), you can limit someone's sitting style by arranging this person first and then arranging others. You can do it in two steps, using the principle of multiplication, or you can ignore this limitation first. Calculate the total number of rows, and then remove the exception (subtract the number of rows with people sitting at both ends). (3) You can treat those two people as one person first. Then consider the arrangement of those two people (that is, multiply by 2). Solve (1) 5x3x2x1=120 (2) 3x (4x3x2x1) = 3x24 = 72 or 5x4x3x2x 1-2x (4x3 A drives a flock of sheep to chase grass, b Jia Yun said that there is no difference. If you have to gather in such a group, you can add a small semi-group of a semigroup (the small semi-group is a quarter group) to gather. Who can guess the mystery? The answer is that there are 36 sheep in armor. I went to Ives, the Holy Land. There are seven women in Lu Yu, each with seven bags in his hand. One bag contains seven cats, and one cat is followed by seven children. Cats, cloth bags and women went to Ives, a sacred place with geometry. Very simple, the answer is that there is something at 2800 today, and I don't know its number. Leave two for three or three numbers, three for five or five numbers, and two for seven or seven numbers. What is the geometry of things? This topic comes from Sun Tzu's Art of War, which is a famous "Sun Tzu puzzle", also known as "Ghost Valley Calculation" and "Pipe Cutting". The answer to this question is 23. There is a red lotus standing half a foot above the mirror. It stood alone and was suddenly blown to the side of the water by the wind. A fisherman saw it with his own eyes, and now it is two feet away from its original position. Please. Answer. Guess for yourself first! This is the famous "Lotus Problem", written by Beska, an ancient Indian mathematician, in the form of poetry. Much like the problem of "pond" in China's "Nine Chapters of Arithmetic": "Today there is a pond, and the pond (reed) is born in its center. A foot of water leads the pond to the shore and is suitable for the shore. Ask the water depth. I remember reading it in an interesting math book in middle school. It is said to be a mathematical black hole. I wonder if there is any mathematical method to prove it now. That is, the four digits are different, and the four digits are arranged from big to small, MINUS the arrangement from small to big. The results are repeated. You will get the result of 6 174, and then use letters instead of numbers to knock down his four digits1000a+100b+10c+d-(1000d+100c+00b). +90(b-c) three digits100a+10b+c-(100c+10b+a-d = 99a-99c = 99 (a-c), so the answer should not be unique.