Gauss is the son of an ordinary couple. His mother is the daughter of a poor stonemason. She is clever, but she has no education and can hardly read. Before becoming Gauss's father's second wife, she was a maid.

His father is a gardener, a foreman, a businessman's assistant and an appraiser of a small insurance company. It is an anecdote that Gauss was able to correct his father's loan account when he was three years old. He once said that he could do complicated calculations in his head.

Gauss's family is poor, and his father thinks that he can't study well, but Gauss still likes reading, Childhood Words. After eating this meal, his father will go to bed in winter to save fuel, but when he sleeps, he will be regarded as hollowed out inside, and cotton will be rolled inside, like a lamp, to continue his research.

When Gauss 12 years old, he began to doubt the basic proof in element geometry. When he was 16 years old, it was predicted that a completely different geometry would be produced outside Euclidean geometry, that is, non-Euclidean geometry. He derived the general form of binomial theorem, successfully applied it to infinite series and developed the theory of mathematical analysis.

Gauss's teacher Brutner and his assistant Martin bartels realized Gauss's extraordinary talent in mathematics very early, and Herzog Karlwilhelm was deeply impressed by it.

They have been supporting him since he 14 years old. It also enabled Gauss to study at Carolina College (the predecessor of Brunswick College today) in 1792- 1795. /kloc-at the age of 0/8, Gauss transferred to the University of G? ttingen. At the age of 19, he was the first to successfully make a regular 17 surface with a ruler and a gauge.

Gauss married johanna Elizabeth Lin Xiawei Oszov of Wiig, Brauns (1780-1809) on 1805/0/5. On August 2 1806, he welcomed his first child, Joseph. After that, he gave birth to two more children. Wilhelmin (1809- 1840) and Louis (1809- 18 10). 1807, Gauss became a professor at the University of G? ttingen and director of the local observatory.

Although Gauss is a famous mathematician, it doesn't mean that he loves teaching. Nevertheless, more and more of his students became influential mathematicians, such as Dedeking and Riemann, who later became famous in the world.

Gauss made the following achievements:

When Gauss 19 was years old, a polygon of 17 was constructed with only a ruler. It also provides the first important supplement to Euclidean geometry which has been circulated for 2000 years since ancient Greece.

Gauss summed up the application of complex numbers, and strictly proved that every N-order algebraic equation must have N real solutions or complex solutions. In his first masterpiece Arithmetic Research, he proved the law of quadratic reciprocity, which became an important basis for the further development of number theory. In the first chapter of this paper, we derive the concept of triangle identity.

With the help of Gaussian survey adjustment theory based on least square method, the trajectory of celestial bodies is calculated. In this way, he calculated the trajectory of the asteroid Ceres.

In order to solve the problems in geodesy by using the conformal projection theory of ellipse on the sphere, Gauss also engaged in the research of surface and projection theory during this period, which became an important theoretical basis of differential geometry. He independently proposed that the parallel hypothesis of Euclidean geometry cannot be proved to be "physically" necessary, at least not through human reason.

But his theory of non-European geometry has not been published. Maybe he was worried that his contemporaries could not understand the supernatural theory. Relativity proves that space is actually non-Euclidean. Nearly 100 years later, Gauss's theory was accepted by physics.

Extended data:

Gauss's contribution:

Out of interest in practical application, Gauss invented the solar reflector. The sunlight reflector can reflect the light beam to a place about 450 kilometers away. Gauss later improved the original design more than once, successfully trial-produced the mirror sextant, and later it was widely used in geodesy.

Gauss invented the magnetometer in the 1930s in 19. He quit his job at the observatory to study physics. Cooperate with Weber (1804- 189 1) in the field of electromagnetism. He is 27 years older than Webb and is his teacher and friend. 1833, he sent a telegram to Weber with the pointer of an electromagnetic compass. This is not only the first telegraph system between Weber Lab and the Observatory, but also the first telegraph system in the world. It's only eight kilometers long.

1840, he and Weber drew the world's first map of the earth's magnetic field, and determined the positions of the earth's magnetic south pole and magnetic north pole. The following year, American scientists confirmed these views.

Gauss has written in many fields, but only published his mature theories. He often told his colleagues that their conclusions had been proved by himself before, but they were not published because the basic theory was incomplete.

Critics say he likes to steal the limelight. In fact, Gauss has recorded his research results. After his death, people found 20 notebooks recording his research findings and thoughts, which proved that what Gauss said was true. It is generally believed that these 20 notes are not all Gaussian notes.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss