(2) In terms of philosophy, religion in ancient India was very developed, and Brahmanism Buddhism was widely spread, so materialistic philosophy prevailed, and materialistic philosophy gradually developed in the struggle.
(3) In terms of literature, ancient Indian cultural classics are very rich, and the typical one is the Brahmin classic Veda, which contains many ancient historical legends, life customs, social ethics, story poems and so on.
In addition, there are two epics, Mahabharata and Ramayana, which are of great literary and historical value.
(4) In terms of architecture and art, India has a unique artistic style because of the prevalence of Buddhism. The carving art of Buddha statues is very developed, and grottoes and pagodas are also unique.
(5) In astronomy, ancient Indian astronomy has made great achievements. During the Vedic period, they knew how to determine the moon's profit and loss and draw celestial maps. The ancient Indians also created a calendar, which divided the year into 12 months with leap months.
⑥ Mathematically, they created a number from 1 to 9, added a zero, and put forward a method of calculating the value of the number bit by bit, which played a great role in mathematical operations.
All landowners in medicine, ancient Indian medicine has made remarkable achievements. In the Vedas, a lot of knowledge about anatomy, therapeutics and pathology is recorded. Doctors also distinguish between internal surgery and ophthalmology, and use acupuncture.