Textbook analysis
"Knowledge in collocation" is a wide-angle content of mathematics in the first volume of the third grade mathematics of the new curriculum standard People's Education Press, and it is a practical activity class. The purpose is to let students cultivate orderly and comprehensive thinking ability through observation, speculation and practice. Let students learn the simple application of collocation in daily life, which will play a guiding role in students' future study and solving practical problems in life.
Teaching objectives
1. Knowledge and skills: enable students to find out the collocation methods of simple events through observation, guessing, hands-on operation and cooperative communication, and encourage students to diversify their problem-solving methods.
2. Process and method: Go through the process of exploring and solving problems, train the ability of orderly and comprehensive thinking, and master the method of orderly collocation.
3. Emotion, attitude and values: enable students to gain a successful experience in activities and enhance their interest in learning mathematics and their awareness of using mathematics.
Teaching focuses on specific situations, discovers and applies laws, and finds out collocation methods, without repetition or omission.
Teaching difficulties cultivate students' ability of observation, analysis and reasoning, and they can think about problems in an orderly and comprehensive way and master collocation methods.
teaching process
First, the situation introduction collocation
1. Talk: The teacher wants to be your good friend, will you? (Student: Yes) Shake hands with the teacher.
2. The teacher shakes hands with the students at will and intentionally shakes hands repeatedly.
3. Question: This handshake is messy. The teacher shook hands with several children and shook them a few times. I don't remember. The teacher wants to shake hands with every child in the class. Please help the teacher find a way!
4. Instructors should shake hands in order to avoid repetition or omission.
5. Teacher: Many events in life are similar to shaking hands, which is a collocation problem in mathematics. When you encounter such problems, you should think in a certain order to avoid repetition or omission. Today, we will learn the knowledge of collocation together. (blackboard writing)
Design intention: Active atmosphere and seemingly casual handshake make students realize the importance of order and pave the way for orderly thinking.
Second, explore collocation methods.
Pleasant Goat has a birthday today, and Meiyangyang is going to attend Pleasant Goat's birthday party. She has many beautiful clothes, but Meiyangyang doesn't know which one to wear to the party.
1. Teacher: If an upper garment and a lower garment are a match, can you give some advice to Meiyangyang? (Student answers)
2. Teacher: Yes, there are many ways to match. How many ways are there to match such a top and a bottom? (Student answers)
3. Practical activities, students explore independently. Students think about how many collocations there are and record them. It is required to record in a way that others can understand.
4. Students show the matching scheme.
(1) If there are less than 6 kinds, guide the observation and summarize the keyword "omission".
(2) Show more than 6 kinds, guide observation and summarize the keyword "repetition".
(3) Choose an unordered recording method for students to remember. I can't remember at all. The teacher questioned: Why can't you remember? There is no order when guiding the discovery and collocation.
(4) Use the sequential record to show the scheme, so that students can remember it, and it is easy to remember when they find it. Guide the students to find the "order" and explain the collocation order emphatically, and make it clear that only orderly collocation will not be missed or repeated.
(5) Show collocation schemes without written records, including pictures, numbers, letters, connections, etc. Let the students observe and compare, and guide them to find that the way of connecting lines is clearer than the text description.
Design intention: Let students create their own recording methods before they think completely. Students have several collocation methods, and I don't know what method they will use to record them. Guide students to observe, analyze and sort out according to the plan, gradually master orderly thinking, and enable students to discover the advantages of connection independently.
5. Expand and upgrade the matching scheme.
(1) Add a coat to the courseware demonstration. How many collocation methods are there? How about two? How about nine o'clock?
(2) How many collocation methods are there in the courseware demonstration? How about two? How about nine o'clock?
(3) Courseware demonstration adds a coat and a coat at the same time. How many collocation methods are there?
Design intention: Calculation method is a necessary means to pave the way for students. This link will help students understand how to calculate step by step and further consolidate the collocation method.
Third, experience other collocations in life and use knowledge to solve problems.
1. Matching in breakfast.
After getting dressed, Pleasant Goat is ready for breakfast.
Courseware demonstration:
How many different collocation schemes are there?
Students do it independently.
2. The collocation problem in the route.
Show courseware: Look at the pictures. How many roads are there from Meiyangyang to Pleasant Goat?
The students answered.
3. Matching problems in photography. When I arrived at Pleasant Goat's house, the old village head also came. The birthday party was a great success. Meiyangyang asked everyone to take a group photo. Look at the right: How many photos do I need to take? Students discuss and answer. If it is not clear, you can demonstrate it.
Fourth, the class summary
Let the students talk about their gains.
Reflection after class
This class can closely focus on the teaching concept of the new curriculum standard and fully reflect the characteristics of practical activity classes. Judging from the whole class, there are four main highlights:
1. Set up the situation skillfully to induce inquiry. The purpose of learning collocation is to combine mathematics with students' real life and train students' orderly thinking ability. In the scene introduction, teachers use the plot of shaking hands with students to guide students to draw a conclusion: only shaking hands in order will there be no repetition or omission. In the whole activity, students seem to forget that they are having a math class, but are playing interesting games and activities, and students unconsciously enter into the discussion and thinking of math problems.
2. Cultivate students' comprehensive, comparative and inductive awareness and ability. In teaching activities, teachers closely focus on students' cognitive rules and knowledge structure, and carry out matching activities from the clothes that students are familiar with. After observation and operation, students have different matching results: some are repeated, some are omitted, resulting in knowledge collision, and then the results are explored, exchanged and thought, and finally six correct matching schemes are obtained, highlighting the thinking order, and finally students are reminded of the matching schemes. After practice and memory, the students come to the conclusion that only in.
3. Pay attention to learning style and experience the learning process. Judging from this lesson, the success of a lesson depends not only on the teacher's grasp of the teaching content and the handling of the teaching structure, but also on the process and way of students' learning. In this class, the teacher is in no hurry to succeed. Teachers can always convincingly and skillfully point out the difficulties students encounter in the learning process, so that students can gradually feel and understand in activities such as observation, thinking, communication and experience, and fully experience the process of knowledge generation.
4. Pay attention to the openness of solving problems. Through the story that Meiyangyang will attend Pleasant Goat's birthday party, it leads to comprehensive exercises such as matching clothes, matching breakfast, matching routes and matching photography. Especially in photography, after the students say a matching scheme, the teacher asks, "How else to match?" This problem is helpful to broaden students' thinking space and effectively tap their inner potential. This open question has become a balance point between double basics and innovation.