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Three leaps in mathematical knowledge
1. Three intersecting mathematical stories

/kloc-Rudolph, a German mathematician in the 6th century, spent his whole life calculating pi to 35 decimal places, which was later called Rudolph number. After his death, someone else carved this number on his tombstone. Jacques Bernoulli, a Swiss mathematician, studied the spiral (known as the thread of life) before his death. After his death, a logarithmic spiral was carved on the tombstone, and the inscription also read: "Although I have changed, I am the same as before." This is a pun, which not only describes the spiral nature, but also symbolizes his love for mathematics.

Von Neumann, one of the most outstanding mathematicians in the 20th century. As we all know, the electronic computer invented by 1946 has greatly promoted the progress of science and technology and social life. In view of von Neumann's key role in the invention of electronic computers, he is called "the father of computers" by westerners. From 19 1 1 to 192 1, von Neumann got ahead when he was studying in Lu Se Lun Middle School in Budapest, and was highly valued by teachers. Under the individual guidance of Mr. Fichte, von Neumann published his first mathematical paper in cooperation.

Galois was born in a town not far from Paris. His father is the headmaster of the school and has served as mayor for many years. The influence of family makes Galois always brave and fearless. 1823, 12-year-old galois left his parents to study in Paris. Not content with boring classroom indoctrination, he went to find the most difficult mathematics original research by himself. Some teachers also helped him a lot. Teachers' evaluation of him is "only suitable for working in the frontier field of mathematics".

Archimedes was born in Syracuse, Sicily, at the southern tip of the Italian peninsula in 287 BC. Father is a mathematician and astronomer. Archimedes had a good family upbringing since childhood. 1 1 years old, was sent to study in Alexandria, the cultural center of Greece. In this famous city known as the "Capital of Wisdom", Archimedes Job collected books and learned a lot of knowledge, and became a protege of Euclid students erato Sese and Cannon, studying geometric elements.

Zu Chongzhi's outstanding achievement in mathematics is about the calculation of pi. Before the Qin and Han Dynasties, people used "the diameter of three weeks a week" as pi, which was called "Gubi". Later, it was found that the error of Gubi was too large, and the pi should be "the diameter of a circle is greater than the diameter of three weeks". However, there are different opinions on how much is left. Until the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Hui put forward a scientific method to calculate pi-"secant" which approximated the circumference of a circle with the circumference inscribed by a regular polygon. Liu Hui calculated the circle inscribed with a 96-sided polygon and got π=3. 14, and pointed out that the more sides inscribed with a regular polygon, the more accurate the π value obtained. On the basis of predecessors' achievements, Zu Chongzhi devoted himself to research and repeated calculations. It is found that π is between 3. 14 15926 and 3. 14 15927, and the approximate value in the form of π fraction is obtained as the reduction rate and density rate, where the six decimal places are 3. 14 1929. There's no way to check now. If he tries to find it according to Liu Hui's secant method, he must work out 16384 polygons inscribed in the circle. How much time and labor it takes! It is obvious that his perseverance and wisdom in academic research are admirable. It has been more than 1000 years since foreign mathematicians obtained the same result in the secrecy rate calculated by Zu Chongzhi. In order to commemorate Zu Chongzhi's outstanding contribution, some mathematicians abroad suggested that π = be called "ancestral rate".

Born in 624 BC, Ju Lushi was the first famous mathematician in ancient Greece. He used to be a shrewd businessman. After he accumulated considerable wealth by selling olive oil, Cyrus devoted himself to scientific research and travel. He is diligent and studious, at the same time, he is not superstitious about the ancients, and he is brave in exploration, creation and positive thinking. His hometown is not too far from Egypt, so he often travels to Egypt. There, Ju Lushi learned about the rich mathematical knowledge accumulated by ancient Egyptians for thousands of years. When he traveled in Egypt, he calculated the height of the pyramids in a clever way, which made the ancient Egyptian king Amerasis admire him very much.

Is this ok? I hope I can help you.

2. Third, the cross math story book

There are three times as many apple trees as pear trees in the orchard. Master Lao Wang fertilizes 50 apple trees and 20 pear trees every day. A few days later, all the pear trees were fertilized, but 80 apple trees were not fertilized.

Excuse me: How many apple trees and pear trees are there in the orchard? I am not intimidated by this question, but it can stimulate my interest. I think the apple tree is three times as big as the pear tree. If two kinds of trees are to be fertilized on the same day, Master Lao Wang will fertilize "20*3" apple trees and 20 pear trees every day.

In fact, he only fertilizes 50 apple trees every day, which is 10, and the last 80 trees. Therefore, Master Lao Wang has been fertilizing for 8 days. 20 pear trees a day, 8 days is 160 pear trees. According to the first condition, there are 480 apple trees.

This is to solve the problem with the idea of hypothesis, so I think the hypothesis method is really a good way to solve the problem. 3. The origin of numbers Xiaoming is a child who likes to ask questions.

One day, he became interested in the numbers 0-9: Why is it called "* * * numbers"? So I went to ask my mother who was a math teacher, "Since 0-9 calls? * * * Numbers? , it must have been invented by * * * people, mom, right? " Mother shook her head and said, "In fact, the number * * * was invented by Indians. About 1500 years ago, Indians used a special word to represent numbers. There are 10 words, and you can write both strokes.

Later, due to the contact between countries, these numbers were introduced into * * *. People thought they were simple, so they began to be widely used in their own countries and spread all over Europe. In this way, they gradually became the numbers we use today.

Because * * * people play a great role in the spread of this number, so everyone is used to calling it? * * * Numbers? . "Xiao Ming said happily," I see.

Mom, can this be called? Could it be wrong? And then what? "Xiao Ming and his mother both laughed. Newton: Do everything silently with your heart. Newton liked reading since he was a child, and he was very diligent. He is especially fond of handcraft. He spends his pocket money at home on woodworking tools.

He made many exquisite windmills, kites, sundials, clepsydra and other practical instruments. Newton did not show his extraordinary talent when he was young.

The difference is that the hands-on ability is quite strong. Every time he does something, he always keeps silent and works hard.

If you don't do well, tear it down and redo it. Never be careless. Newton was very diligent and couldn't catch up with others, especially math.

Newton was not discouraged, just as he liked to think when he was young, and he studied slowly until he understood it thoroughly. He spent most of his life in the laboratory. He often does experiments all night, sometimes working in the laboratory for six weeks, day and night, until he finishes the experiment.

Although Newton was a great scientist, he was never complacent. He said modestly: on the road of science, we are just children playing by the sea and accidentally picked up a beautiful stone. As for the sea of truth, I haven't found it yet! Newton was so modest and tireless in studying knowledge! One day, a group of special "guests" came to the forest.

They look very special, and the animals are very strange. They are asked to introduce themselves one by one. The first one out was a thin man. The thin man said, "I am 1, as thin as a pencil."

Then another one came out and said, "I am 2, floating on the water like a duckling." The third said, "I'm 3 years old and I hear like an ear."

"I am four years old, like a flag fluttering in the wind." "I am five years old, and I hang my coat like a clothes hook."

"I'm 6 years old and I smile like a bean sprout." "I'm 7, and I like to cut grass with a sickle."

"I am 8, like a twist." "I am 9 years old, just like a spoon can hold rice."

"I am 0, like an egg making a cake." As soon as they were introduced, the deer asked, "Who is the oldest among you? Who is the youngest? " 9 stood up and said proudly, "I am 9, I am the oldest."

0 hung his head and said, "I am the youngest." "Yes, it is this meaningless 0."

No.9 said in a cold tone. Just then, the animals and their digital brothers all laughed.

0 is even more embarrassing. Animals don't want to play when they see that 0 is so useless They sing together! Jump! Very happy.

Suddenly, an elephant accidentally fell into a hole, which was deep and dark. The elephant struggled for a long time in it, trying to climb up with great strength. He was so tired that he was sweating profusely, his legs were torn and he was still bleeding. However, he couldn't climb up, so he had to shout "help!" Help! "When the animals heard this, they rushed to the hole and tried to save the elephant.

The number 1 to 9 also came to help. They formed the largest number, 98765432 1, showing the greatest strength. They made great efforts, but they didn't pull the elephant up.

At this moment, I only heard a weak voice behind me saying, "I'll try." As soon as they saw that it was zero, they reluctantly agreed, which was also helpful.

They regrouped into the number 98765432 10, and their strength suddenly increased by 10 times. Haha, I pulled the elephant up at once.

Animals are grateful to digital brothers, but they also feel guilty for ignoring 0. They all come from 0 and want to be friends with 0. Digital brothers also began to pay attention to 0 and are willing to play it.

Since then, I have never felt inferior, and I feel that I am still very useful. There was a theft in the street.

The thief was so cunning that he didn't leave any clues at the scene, but the money in the safe was gone. How did the thief know the password? Conan found a small piece of paper at the scene with four numbers written on it: 1008, 1260, 1386, 1 134. But the password can only be three digits. What does it have to do with these four numbers? Suddenly Conan's mind flashed. He did a quick calculation, then pressed three numbers on the safe, and the safe was opened.

Do you know the password? How did you get it? The answer is1+8 =1+2+6 =1+3+4 = 91+3+8+6 =18 The password is 918, the story of six mathematicians when they were children.

3. Three Cross Mathematics Stories

/kloc-Rudolph, a German mathematician in the 6th century, spent his whole life calculating pi to 35 decimal places, which was later called Rudolph number. After his death, someone else carved this number on his tombstone.

Jacques Bernoulli, a Swiss mathematician, studied the spiral (known as the thread of life) before his death. After his death, a logarithmic spiral was carved on the tombstone, and the inscription also read: "Although I have changed, I am the same as before." This is a pun, which not only describes the spiral nature, but also symbolizes his love for mathematics. Von Neumann is one of the most outstanding mathematicians in the 20th century. As we all know, the electronic computer invented by 1946 greatly promoted the progress of science and technology and social life. In view of von Neumann's key role in the invention of electronic computers, he is called "the father of computers" by westerners. From 19 1 1 to 192 1, von Neumann got ahead when he was studying in Lu Se Lun Middle School in Budapest, and was highly valued by teachers. Under the individual guidance of Mr. Fichte, von Neumann published his first mathematical paper in cooperation.

The influence of family makes Galois always brave and fearless. 1823, 12-year-old galois left his parents to study in Paris. Not content with boring classroom indoctrination, he went to find the most difficult mathematics original research by himself. Some teachers also helped him a lot.

Teachers' evaluation of him is "only suitable for working in the frontier field of mathematics". Archimedes was born in Syracuse, Sicily, at the southern tip of the Italian peninsula in 287 BC.

Father is a mathematician and astronomer. Archimedes had a good family upbringing since childhood. 1 1 years old, was sent to study in Alexandria, the cultural center of Greece.

In this famous city known as the "Capital of Wisdom", Archimedes Job collected books and learned a lot of knowledge, and became a protege of Euclid students erato Sese and Cannon, studying geometric elements. Zu Chongzhi's outstanding achievement in mathematics is about the calculation of pi. Before the Qin and Han Dynasties, people used "the diameter of three weeks a week" as pi, which was called "Gubi". Later, it was found that the error of Gubi was too large, and the pi should be "the diameter of a circle is greater than the diameter of three weeks". However, there are different opinions on how much is left. Until the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Hui put forward a scientific method to calculate pi-"secant" which approximated the circumference of a circle with the circumference inscribed by a regular polygon. Liu Hui calculated the circle inscribed with a 96-sided polygon and got π=3. 14, and pointed out that the more sides inscribed with a regular polygon, the more accurate the π value obtained. On the basis of predecessors' achievements, Zu Chongzhi devoted himself to research and repeated calculations. It is found that π is between 3. 14 15926 and 3. 14 15927, and the approximate value in the form of π fraction is obtained as the reduction rate and density rate, where the six decimal places are 3. 14 1929. There's no way to check now. If he tries to find it according to Liu Hui's secant method, he must work out 16384 polygons inscribed in the circle. How much time and labor it takes! It can be seen that his tenacious perseverance and intelligence in academic research are admirable. Foreign mathematicians have obtained the same result from Zu Chongzhi's calculation, which is more than 1000 years ago. In order to commemorate Zu Chongzhi's outstanding contribution, some mathematicians abroad suggested that π = be called "ancestral rate". Born in 624 BC, Ju Lushi was the first great mathematician in ancient Greece.

He used to be a shrewd businessman. After he accumulated considerable wealth by selling olive oil, Cyrus devoted himself to scientific research and travel. He is diligent and studious, at the same time, he is not superstitious about the ancients, and he is brave in exploration, creation and positive thinking.

His hometown is not too far from Egypt, so he often travels to Egypt. There, Ju Lushi learned about the rich mathematical knowledge accumulated by ancient Egyptians for thousands of years.

When he traveled in Egypt, he calculated the height of the pyramids in a clever way, which made the ancient Egyptian king Amerasis admire him very much. Is this ok? I hope I can help you.

4. Three passes of mathematical composition

At ordinary times, we study mathematics only in books, as if to get a good grade. In fact, the real purpose and fun of learning mathematics is in our life, and many students don't understand it. So, what mathematics knowledge do we have in our life?

You must have bought vegetables, you must have bought tickets ... Often some casual actions around us contain mathematical wisdom, such as addition, subtraction, moxibustion, multiplication and division. If we do these things wrong, we will suffer economic losses and be laughed at by others. Therefore, we must learn math well.

Once, my grandmother and I went to the stationery store to buy stationery. I bought three fountain pens, 1 1 yuan; 1 correction belt, 1 4 yuan; 1 notebook 6 yuan; A pair of gloves 14 yuan. The clerk underestimated the price of 1 pen at checkout. I saw it, but I didn't know the difference, so I counted it, "3* 1+4+6+ 14". Suddenly found that 4+6= 10, 10 is an integer, easy to add, 3+ 10+ 14=27. "Auntie, you missed 1 yuan!" I said, "You are an honest boy!" Aunt said happily that everyone around me praised me, and grandma patted me on the head and said, "You are so sensible!" " "

In fact, mathematics is hidden around us. As long as you use a pair of dexterous hands and a pair of smart eyes, you can find it!

5. Little knowledge of mathematics

1, as early as more than 2000 years ago, our ancestors used magnets to make an instrument to indicate the direction. This instrument is Sina.

2. German mathematician kravis was the first to use points as decimal points.

"Tangram" is a jigsaw puzzle in ancient China. It consists of seven thin plates, which can be put together into a big square. The patterns spelled out are varied, and later spread abroad, called Tang Tu.

It is said that as early as 4500 years ago, our ancestors used notch to measure time.

6. China is the first country to use the rounding method.

7. Euclid's most famous work, The Elements of Geometry, is the foundation of European mathematics. It put forward five postulates and developed them into Euclidean geometry, which is widely regarded as the most successful textbook in history.

8. Zu Chongzhi, a mathematician, astronomer and physicist in the Southern Dynasties, ranked the value of pi in the seventh place.

9. Rudolph, a Dutch mathematician, calculated the 35th place of pi.

10 Archimedes, known as the "father of mechanics", has many mathematical works handed down from generation to generation. Archimedes once said: Give me a fulcrum and I can move the earth. This sentence tells us that we should have the courage to find this fulcrum and use it to find the truth.

Extended data

Mathematics (Mathematics or maths, from the Greek word "Má thē ma"; Often abbreviated as "mathematics"), it is a discipline that studies concepts such as quantity, structure, change, space and information, and belongs to a formal science from a certain point of view.

In the development of human history and social life, mathematics also plays an irreplaceable role, and it is also an indispensable basic tool for studying and studying modern science and technology.