Memory includes memory, retention, recognition and recall. According to the length of memory retention time, it can be divided into instantaneous memory, short-term memory and long-term memory.
The basis of memory is attention, and only what you pay attention to can make people feel it and enter short-term memory. ? If you continue to pay attention and repeat short-term memory many times, you may enter long-term memory.
Children with ADHD have poor attention quality, so their memory function declines, mainly in the following aspects.
(1) Short memory retention time is easy to forget.
Memory retention is one of the important functions of the human brain. Only by keeping memory can we accumulate experience, adapt to the environment and learn knowledge. You can't accumulate knowledge if you learn and forget. Children with ADHD sometimes remember the materials they want to remember quickly, and they can remember them by watching or listening to them several times, but they don't last long, and they are not impressed and easy to forget.
They can't remember what the teacher said, the homework assigned, the study requirements, etc. They seem to know everything in class, but they forget it when they get home. Or remember very little, it is difficult to do homework. Over time, they may not understand the content of the teacher's lecture, and their grades are declining.
② The recognition of memory is inaccurate and unstable.
ADHD children can remember most of the learning materials when they can concentrate, which is no different from normal children. But when they don't pay attention, they will remember the content of learning incompletely and incorrectly, and their memory recognition is not accurate enough.
For example, if they are asked to recite the text, they often recite it incompletely, or by mistake, or backwards. Sometimes the memory is suddenly forgotten. For example, questions that can be answered at ordinary times may not be answered when the teacher asks questions; Theorems or formulas that can be applied at ordinary times, but I don't know how to apply them in the exam, these characteristics show that the memory of ADHD children is not solid and stable.
③ Memory process is slow.
Children with ADHD are slow to accept new knowledge because they don't pay attention to the lecture in class, and some contents have to be repeated many times before they can master them. Therefore, they spend more time reciting a text than ordinary children and accept it slowly. The memory mode is narrow and the memory span is small, so they can't remember all the contents of the class.
④ The ability of selecting, processing and classifying memory materials is weak.
For all kinds of external stimuli, people can't and don't need to keep everything in mind, just remember what they need, process and classify it, and store it in the memory bank of the human brain.
ADHD children are weak in selecting, processing and classifying memory materials, but good in remembering visual, intuitive and mechanical objects. But the memory ability of abstract, indirect and meaningful objects is obviously insufficient. For example, they are less difficult in the general operation of mathematics, but they often show it in the face of application problems or calculation problems that need more theorems.
It is difficult to understand the meaning of the problem or the operation error.
For another example, they read and recite the text very well, but if they repeat the central idea of the text in their own language, they may not be able to grasp the key points and say the important contents.