General present tense be\V\Vs am\is\are+Vpp.

The simple future tense will+V will+Vpp

The present continuous tense am \ is \ are+Vingam \ is \ are+being+VPP.

The past tense ①was\were②Ved is \were+Vpp.

Has+v phave is usually completed.

Past perfect had+vpad+bee+VPP

The past continuous tense is "were+vingwas" were+being+VPP.

Modal verbs can+V can+be+V

Passive voice (simple present tense)

When the active voice becomes the passive voice, the object in the active voice becomes the subject in the passive voice, and the subject in the active voice becomes the sender of the action in the passive voice.

The formula of passive voice:

Be +V v v. Past participle, be called, hours change.

The perfect tense have done, with passive been in the middle.

Generally, I will (will) do it in the future, and passively turn it into being done.

In the future, there will be no passivity, and it will be done.

Now finish the same thing you've been doing.

Do it from time to time, passively and be done.

Affection, help, existence and proper arrangement all change with the new subject.

Add not after the negative help and help before the main question.

The subject is only an interrogative word, and the direct word order comes first.

General feelings will help you, and double guests will change between guests.

The compound object becomes the subject, and the object complement and the subject complement also change.

1. Simple present tense is \am\are+P.P (past participle)

2. The simple past tense is "were+p.p"

3. It will be +P.P in the ordinary future tense.

4. The present continuous tense is \am\are+being (fixed)+p.p.

5. The past continuous tense is \ were+being (fixed)+p.p.

6.have \ has+P. P present perfect tense

7. The past perfect tense was+p.p.

syntactic structure

1.if structure (untrue conditional sentence-representing a hypothetical or unlikely situation)

Contrary to the fact, If clause

What I used to do.

What will we do now?

What you should do/have done/will do in the future.

"One stop, two listening, three concessions, four watching and half helping" should be added to "arrive"

If there had not been much rain in spring, we would have a good harvest now. [past]

If he smokes less, his cough may get better soon. [now]

If the speaker is late, you must speak first. [future]

comment

(1) In the above table,' *' and' would' can be converted into should, could and may.

(2) If it is a complex sentence of time, the left and right columns can be matched and arranged.

Example:

If he hadn't taken that medicine, he might still be alive today.

[Contrary to the present facts] [Contrary to the past facts]

(3) If it can be converted into other forms.

Without your suggestion, our meeting would not have been so successful. [past]

(=> Without your suggestion, we would ...)

Your notes are almost illegible. Typed notes will be easier to read. [future]

(=> can be converted into: If the notes are printed, it will be much easier to read. )

I should see Dr. Smith. He may cure me. [past]

If he went to see Dr. Smith, he ...

2. Desire structure

Contrary to the facts

What I have done in the past

Is/was.

Future meeting

Remarks: It can be converted into other forms.

He talks as if he had done all the work. [past]

I wish I were a bird.

I hope he didn't do that.

I hope I will be rich in the future.

3. Shoulder structure

The clause consists of "should+ verb prototype", and should can be omitted. The verbs used in this structure are: suggestion, guidance, agreement, inquiry, request, refusal, desire, persistence, command, preference, proposal, request, suggestion, intention, etc.

The teacher advised him to read English aloud.

Note: When persistence means "persistence" and suggestion means "display, display", subjunctive mood is not used.

The expression on his face showed that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.

He insisted that he was honest.

4. Would rather+clause

In this structure, the predicate verb of the clause expresses subjunctiveness in the past form.

I'd rather you did it instead of me.

5. subjunctive mood in the subject clause

Yes+adjective +that ... (should) ...

The adjectives used in this sentence pattern are: necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, appropriate, funny,

Strange, surprising.

Some nouns can also be used in this structure. It's a pity, no wonder ...

Yes+past participle +that ... (should) ...

The past participle used in this structure is the past participle indicating "suggestion, request, command" and so on. For example, expected, suggested, requested,

Ordered, proposed, etc.

It's time for ... ...

Now I should go home. I should go home.

6. subjunctive mood in predicative clauses and appositive clauses

Predicative clauses are the same as those after nouns that need connotation, such as suggestions, proposals, orders, plans, ideas, advice, decisions, etc.

Use subjunctive mood in positional clauses. Its predicate verb application: should ++ prototype verb. In addition, connecting clauses cannot be omitted.

A little.

My suggestion is that we should go there at once.

What do you think of his suggestion that we put on a play at the English evening?

The second sentence "be is called person, and the number of hours changes" is called person, tense and singular and plural changes. "Emotional help" means that modal verbs and auxiliary verbs such as must, may, can, shall and will all change with new subjects (mostly objects in active sentences). "Question-an auxiliary subject comes first" means that when there are two auxiliary verbs, the subject should be placed after the first auxiliary verb or the first auxiliary verb should be placed before the subject. The following is a detailed example.

Generally speaking, being done is occasionally used, while being called, time and numbers are changing.

Example: 1, Initiative: Children warmly welcome foreign guests.

Passive: Foreign guesses are warmly welcomed by children.

The children warmly welcomed the foreign guests.

2. initiative: people think he is brilliant.

Passive: He is considered brilliant by people.

People think he is very talented.

The above two situations are examples of using the general tense be done. Some people say that time and numBers change, the third person foreign friends are plural, and the tense is past tense, so "be done" is given, and the passive "be done" becomes a singular third person Israel.

Passive:

This speech was made by Comrade Wang. (beed delivered is the passive state of the general past tense)

This speech is Wang's speech.

A serious train accident happened near the border. Two people were killed and twelve injured.

A very serious train accident happened at the border, killing two people and injuring twelve others.

A truly honest man is called an upright man. An outspoken person is a truly honest person.

Someone handed a note to the speaker. Someone handed the speaker a note.

John was elected monitor instead of Harry. George was elected monitor instead of Henry.

Volcanoes are described as active, dormant or extinct. Volcanoes are described as living, sleeping or dead.

The soldiers died, but the train was saved. The soldier died, but the train was saved.

People think he is clever but dishonest. Others think he is clever but dishonest.

The first zoo in America was established in 1874. The first zoo in America was established in 1874.

This information is urgently needed. This information is very much needed.

It has been done when it is finished, and the passive addition is already in the middle.

Past perfect tense is included.

Example: 1, initiative: We studied English intermittently in amateur schools for three years.

Passive: We studied English intermittently in amateur schools for three years. (Have becomes has in the new theme)

For three years, we have been learning English intermittently at night schools.

Initiative: By the end of last year, they had produced 100 tractors.

Passive: By the end of last year, 100 tractors had been produced.

By the end of last year, we had produced 100 tractors.

3. Initiative: They built a power station in their hometown.

Passive: A power station was built in their hometown.

A power station was built in their hometown.

4. initiative: they warned us to be careful of mice.

Passive: We were warned to be careful of mice.

They reminded us to pay attention to mice.

5. Initiative: People pile plastic bags filled with rubber on the street.

Passive: The street is full of plastic bags filled with rubber.

People piled plastic bags full of rubbish in the street.

6. Initiative: We have used nuclear energy to generate electricity.

Passive: Nuclear energy has been used to generate electricity.

Nuclear energy has been used to generate electricity. 7. Initiative: No one has ever beaten him at tennis.

Passive: He has never been beaten at tennis. As far as tennis is concerned, no one is his opponent. No one is involved in the problem of total negation and partial negation. See the first lecture on negation. )

Initiative: Someone helped me shine my shoes.

Passive: My shoes have been cleaned.

Someone has cleaned my shoes.

When I came back, I found that they had towed my car away. I asked them why they did it, and they told me that it was because I parked it under the "No Parking" sign.

Passive: My car has already left. I asked why I did it and told him ... it was parked under the "No Parking" sign.

When I came back, I found my car taken away. I asked them why they did it. They told me because I parked my car in the "no parking" area.

By last year1February, they had built three ships. Passive: By last year1February, they had built three ships. By the end of last year, they had built three ships. Before the invention of synthetic materials, the research has been focused on the improvement of natural building materials. Before synthetic materials were made, research work focused on improving natural building materials.

He didn't say whether all the steel pipes had been inspected.

He didn't say whether those steel pipes had been inspected.

After the invention of plastics, engineers have a wider choice of materials.

After the invention of plastics, engineers have a wider choice of materials.

Generally speaking, in the future, shall (will) do will passively change do into be done.

That is, from what should be done or will be done.

We will build a large modern power plant in our city next year. Passive voice: A large modern power plant will be built in our city next year.

In the new year, several large modern power plants will be built in our city.

(shall becomes will with the new subject in shall do should, and do should becomes should. )

Initiative: I will send my second son to school next September.

Passive: My second boy will be sent to school next September. I will send my second son to school in the new year. Initiative: In order to fool people, swindlers and swindlers will use gold to make "lead bricks" into such bricks. Passive: such bricks will be made. The swindler wrapped the lead brick with gold. The outside of the "lead brick" was plated with a layer of gold by businessmen and swindlers who tried to cheat money to make such a "golden brick".

Initiative: They will ask you many strange questions.

Passive: You will be asked many strange questions. They will ask you many strange questions.

Generally speaking, the object introduced by by in passive sentences can be omitted if it is a personal pronoun such as you, me and him, and someone no one is not introduced by by. If it is a noun, it can't be omitted, but today's English can also be omitted.

Initiative: The people of China will conduct more space exploration in the future.

Passive: China people will conduct more space exploration in the future. China people will do more space exploration in the future.

identical

Do you need more gasoline? Do you need more gasoline?

But what about the past tense and the future tense? Please remember the following formula:

Generally, the past and future tense will happen sometime in the past.

Initiative should be done and passivity should be done.

There is no passivity in the future, and it is the same now.

A few days ago, we were not sure when we should carry out the new plan ahead of schedule. Passive: ... The new plan will be implemented ahead of schedule. A few days ago, we were not sure whether we could carry out the new plan ahead of schedule.

Initiative: I didn't say we should change our equipment. Passive: I didn't say anything about changing equipment. I didn't say we would replace that equipment.

In the future, there will be no passivity, and it will be done.

Now finish the same. Been doing it,

The upcoming tense indicates that the action is going on at some time or stage in the future. The present perfect continuous tense indicates that an action happened in the past. It has continued until now and may continue. Passive voice is not used in both tenses.

Examples; We hope that your company can send an engineer to check this equipment as soon as possible. We hope that your company can send engineers to check this equipment as soon as possible.

In a few minutes, our passenger plane will fly in the stratosphere. In a few minutes, our passenger plane will fly in the stratosphere.

Do something from time to time, do something passively.

That is, the present continuous tense or the past continuous tense is the form of person, time and number of be plus do. The passive voice is in the form of be plus being do, and being is constant. Passivity in present continuous tense and past continuous tense is the key point of passivity, which is easy to make mistakes. Affection, help, existence and proper arrangement all change with the new subject.

How to deal with passive verbs with modal verbs and auxiliary verbs is complicated. Change with new subjects, such as can and could；; Yes, yes; Should, should; Maybe, maybe; Must; Should; Need demand; Have to; Intend; Get used to it; It seems; Happened to wait. Take the initiative: We must keep this in mind. Passive: this must be remembered.

We must remember this.

Active: We can put the cooler in that place. (cooler = freezer. ) passive: the cooler can be put in that place. We can put the refrigerator in that place.

Active: We won't use the washing machine any more.

Passive: the washing machine will not be used again.

We can't use that washing machine any more. The original predicate shall is dynamically changed into will. There is a new topic.

Initiative: We should take more measures to prevent correction.

Passive: More measures will be taken to prevent conflicts.

We will take more measures to prevent corrosion.

Another example: initiative: We must adopt different attitudes. Passive: We must adopt a different attitude. We will have to adopt another attitude.

Initiative: You put your bag here. Passive: The bag is right here. You should put the package here.

Initiative: They used to start the engine by hand. Passive: It used to be started manually. In the past, they started the motor by hand.

Initiative: We are going to paint the wall green. Everything will be painted green. We are going to paint the wall green. Initiative: You don't have to type this letter. Passive: This letter doesn't need typing. You don't have to type this letter.

Initiative: You should return these books to the library.

Passive: I think the book should have been taken back to the library a long time ago.

You should return these books to the library. Initiative: They may have left it in the sun. Passive: Maybe it was left in the sun. They may put it in the sun.

May plus the perfect aspect or the perfect progressive aspect of the infinitive means "possible", which is mainly used in affirmative sentences and can never be used in interrogative sentences. Can is used with the perfect aspect or the perfect progressive aspect of the infinitive, which means "possible". It is only used in negative sentences and interrogative sentences, not in affirmative sentences. However, if the past tense of can or may, that is, could and might, is matched with the infinitive perfect or perfect continuous tense, it can be used in various structures. Ken, no, Chen and doubt are all acceptable.

It can't have been lost in the mail, can it?

It can't have been lost in the post office.

Add not after the negative help and help before the main question.

In the passive state of negative sentences, the negative adverb "uncertainty" is added after the first auxiliary verb, but not after other auxiliary verbs. Similarly, in the passive voice of interrogative sentences, the first auxiliary verb comes before the subject.

Example: Why didn't any measures be taken to end the strike?

Not must be placed after the first auxiliary verb has, which must be placed before the subject any. Never write: Why didn't anything be done to end the strike? Or why not do anything to end the strike? Why not take some measures to end the strike? These exercises will not be done in class. We won't do exercises in class. Why was he imprisoned? Why did he go to prison?

The subject is only interrogative words. When the subject is only interrogative words or is modified by interrogative words, the direct word order mainly follows the declarative word order.

What measures (projects) are being taken to develop this new science? (The subject is modified by the interrogative word what)

What measures are being taken to develop this new science?

What kind of device (main body) is needed to make the control system simple? What equipment is needed to simplify the control system? What measures have been taken to improve technology? What measures have been taken to improve these technologies? It should be pointed out that some students let us study deeply, and she can clearly see her passive self in the mirror, but they don't know that intransitive verbs are usually not dynamic. Passivity of intransitive verbs, reflexive pronoun verbs, cognate object verbs, conjunctions, causative verbs and phrasal verbs.

Four steps to change an active sentence into a passive sentence:

1. Turn the object in the original active sentence into the subject of the passive sentence.

2. Change the verb to the passive form, that is, be+ past participle, and pay attention to the fact that the person and number change with the subject, while the verb tense remains unchanged. 3. The subject of the original active sentence appears after by if needly in the form of its object (pay attention to the object of pronouns), and it can be omitted if it is not necessary. 4. Other components (attributive and adverbial) remain unchanged. No passive voice