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Discrete mathematics for adult freshmen
Proof 1. Let the identity relation on a be I = {

2. Let the inverse relation r c of r, r c ∩ r be included in the identity relation i, that is, for any

3.R^2

= { & lt2,2 & gt; ,& lt2,4 >,& lt2.6 & gt,& lt2,8 >,& lt3,3 & gt; ,<3 >, & lt4,4 >, & lt4,8 >, & lt6,6 >, & lt8,8 >} = r, that is, r 2 is included in r, (that is, for any.

R is reflexive, antisymmetric and transitive, so R is a partial order relation on A. 。