What is a preparatory course, that is, a one-year college foundation or a bridging course? In general, overseas high school graduates need about 65,438+0 years of preparatory courses to adapt to foreign learning methods. Foreign universities generally have preparatory courses or designated colleges to teach preparatory courses. After completing the preparatory course of 1 year, international students can decide whether they can enter the initially chosen institution or transfer to other better universities according to their grades.
There are several concepts in the analysis of preparatory courses by overseas experts:
Preparatory courses in higher education system
College preparatory course, also known as college preparatory course, is preparatory education before college, which usually lasts for one year. College preparatory course is an important part of western education system, which belongs to the category of higher education in foreign education system. Because of its irreplaceable role in the smooth transition from basic education to higher education, college preparatory course is called an important cornerstone for the leap from high school education to higher education.
The preparatory courses in universities are often carefully designed by professional teachers to meet the actual needs of future teaching in universities. However, the course content is often checked and revised with the preparatory teachers who teach the project. Pre-university courses focus on providing students with the necessary knowledge to successfully complete their college studies after entering the university in the future.
Minority preparatory class
Minority preparatory class is a kind of teaching class system which lays a good foundation for professional study according to the characteristics of minority students in colleges and universities.
Although the preparatory course is mainly a cramming high school culture class, its teaching purpose is different from the general college entrance examination cram school, and its teaching content is related to and different from the later professional study. The relevant departments shall, according to the basic requirements of preparatory teaching, organize the compilation of preparatory teaching materials in a unified way. Introducing competition mechanism and strengthening the management of ethnic preparatory students. It is required to organize teaching and examination in accordance with the teaching plan, syllabus and teaching materials promulgated by the State Education Commission. It is stipulated that students who fail in Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages in the final exam of preparatory students are not allowed to enter mainland universities; Students who fail in Chinese and mathematics in the civil examination are not allowed to study in mainland universities.
1984 In March, the Ministry of Education and the State Ethnic Affairs Commission made clear provisions on the teaching and management of ethnic minority preparatory classes in the Opinions on Strengthening Leadership and Further Running Ethnic Minority Classes in Colleges and Universities, stipulating that the tasks of the preparatory stage are? According to the characteristics of minority students, lay a solid foundation for professional study in colleges and universities? . The study period of preparatory course is generally one year, and the study time of students with poor Chinese foundation is two years. Students in preparatory classes enter colleges and universities for professional study, and their academic system is the same as that of schools and colleges. The enrollment of ethnic classes can be appropriately reduced from the minority candidates who took the college entrance examination that year under the principle of comprehensive assessment of morality, intelligence and physique and merit-based admission. However, according to the training objectives and requirements of different types of colleges and universities, starting from the reality of all ethnic groups in various regions, we should treat them differently and lower the scores appropriately. Students of ethnic preparatory classes who have completed their studies in their schools and have good political performance and qualified examination results will directly enter relevant universities for undergraduate and junior college studies. The professional distribution of students in ethnic classes and junior colleges shall be determined by the school in consultation with the education administrative departments of the relevant provinces and autonomous regions at the expiration of the preparatory class according to the needs of the country, especially the economic construction and social development in ethnic areas, as well as the conditions of students' morality, intelligence and physique, combined with the wishes of students; It can also be determined by the school in conjunction with the education administrative departments of the relevant provinces and autonomous regions according to the above conditions, and the specific work is mastered by the school. After the major is determined, it shall not be changed except in special circumstances.
Why do high school graduates from China study in British universities for one year?
1. Strengthen language learning and language use ability. It should be emphasized that students must have IELTS 5.0 or above when studying in preparatory courses, and language courses are not the only goal of preparatory courses, but only one of the courses. IELTS will reach 6.5 in one year.
2. College preparatory course is a bridge course for undergraduates. As mentioned above, the choice of universities and university majors is determined by the selected subjects and the achievements made during the A-level period. For China high school graduates, there are not so many opportunities to choose professional courses in high schools, and under the premise that the textbooks of China high schools are very different from those of Britain, they have to complete the bridge courses in the one-year preparatory study: three learning skills courses; 2-4 core courses; 3-4 specialized courses.
Prepare application 1, visa
Applying for studying abroad, from making plans, preparing materials, applying for a school and applying for a visa, needs to go through countless hurdles, among which the visa is the most difficult hurdle. Once the visa application is rejected, it means that all previous efforts are in vain. Although the US study abroad policy and visa policy are currently in place? Okay？ However, competition still exists, which does not mean that applicants can lower their visa preparation requirements.
2. Funds
The cost of studying in the United States is world-famous. Undergraduate tuition is about $654.38+9,000/year, and master's is about $25,000/year. Living expenses are about $8,000/year. Not only that, the tuition fees of American colleges and universities are rising every year, with an increase of about 5%, reaching 10%, and the tuition fees of some famous schools have even increased by 20%. Take the University of Chicago as an example. In 2004-2005, the undergraduate tuition fee was $30 123, the accommodation fee was $9,624, and the medical insurance and student management fee was $606. The total annual fee is $40,353, equivalent to more than RMB 300,000. For China students with limited financial ability, the financial burden is heavier.
Step 3 choose a school
American higher education is very developed, with about 3,000 colleges and universities. Besides top universities such as Harvard and Yale, the top 50 universities in the United States also belong to the global higher education sector? Big shot? , extraordinary strength. However, the more famous universities, the fiercer the competition, especially some popular majors, which are almost one in a hundred. If China students do not have outstanding personal conditions, it is difficult to pass the application for admission.
4, professional choice
American universities are strong in business, law, biology, finance, communication and IT, among which business schools are second to none in the world. Basic disciplines such as applied physics, applied chemistry, biological science and food science are all established majors. The diplomas of these popular majors have high gold content, but the learning cost is also quite expensive. And because there are many advantageous majors, many China students feel that they have no direction when choosing.
5. Teaching
The educational methods in American universities are quite different from those in China. In America, professors let students explore for themselves. Students need to take the initiative to think about problems, go to the library or the Internet to find information, analyze information by themselves, prove their conclusions with sufficient arguments, and complete a paper that can reflect their ability to analyze and solve problems. For domestic habits? Cramming at the last minute? For students with educational methods, it is sometimes difficult to adapt.
Step 6 live
It is very important for China students to study alone in the United States, how to live in the United States, integrate into American society and adapt to American culture. Because most students in China are only children, their adaptability and independence are weak, and they are more self-centered, which is very different from the open environment in the United States, so many international students will feel isolated.
Preparatory class for international students
Preparatory courses are mainly offered by European and American schools. Students in China can apply for pre-university courses, take certain language and professional courses, and take school exams after reaching credits. After passing the exam, you can enter the sophomore year to study professional courses. That is to say, in Britain and Australia, preparatory courses are part of universities.
Preparatory course is a special level of higher education. /kloc-In the second half of the 8th century, some western countries set up preparatory courses in universities. Before liberation, China set up a one-year preparatory course in some schools, which was gradually abolished. After the founding of New China, some preparatory classes for ethnic minorities were set up in the Institute for Nationalities, and a considerable number of preparatory classes for ethnic minorities were also set up in other universities, secondary specialized schools and adult colleges. 1996 There are 140 colleges and universities in China offering ethnic preparatory courses with students 1 1622. Preparatory education has played a great role in improving the basic cultural knowledge of minority students and enabling more minority students to enter higher and secondary specialized schools. It has become a unique form of running a school with minority students as the mainstay and an important part of ethnic education.
Preparatory class Commonwealth
The British Foundation introduced the Australian Foundation.
Why do you want to study abroad to prepare for college?
Reading preparatory courses is the basis of studying undergraduate courses.
The preparatory stage in Britain and Australia is essential.
Slavic
Except for Russia, the requirements for preparatory courses are not very strict. All foreign students studying in their own country must take a one-year preparatory course and obtain the corresponding language certificate before they can study in the schools in that country. Russia allows people with a certain Russian ability to obtain a language certificate by taking exams held by universities recognized by their country, thus saving a year of preparatory courses and directly entering universities.
Asian country
The most stringent is Japan. All foreign students who have just arrived in Japan have to take preparatory study and get the recognition of language certificate level before they can apply for the corresponding universities. Moreover, the preparatory examination in Japan is unified throughout the country, so there are a large number of language training schools in Japan to train foreign students.
United States of America
Universities in the United States, Canada and other countries do not need to take preparatory courses, as long as they meet the IELTS or TOEFL scores, they can enroll. Individual prestigious schools need SAT (American College Entrance Examination) scores.
What do you mean by double admission in the United States, Canada and other countries?
Many universities in the United States have introduced dual admission, that is, language+professional courses. It is mainly aimed at students who have excellent domestic performance and outstanding ability, but have no time to take language tests.
Double admission to prestigious schools is definitely conditional admission, that is, students can pass the exam to enter the school after learning the language. This method is mainly suitable for students with excellent comprehensive ability, but not for students with average grades and average ability. Many students with unsatisfactory grades have spent more than one and a half or two years in overseas optical language classes, wasting a lot of time.
Panorama of America: Bridge Course?
America? Bridge course? That is, we often say that studying in the United States is a preparatory course.
Experts studying abroad pointed out that for domestic fresh candidates who want to study in the United States, the advantages of studying in the American preparatory course are as follows: first, American universities have higher language requirements for international students, which not only refer to language test-taking skills, but also include the ability to really master the language. Through preparatory study, students can effectively overcome various difficulties caused by cultural and language differences and integrate into foreign social environment as soon as possible. Secondly, the study of foreign preparatory courses helps to enrich students' academic background and is more conducive to applying for excellent foreign universities.
For example, some students' high school achievements in China are not outstanding, and they have no chance to go to a famous domestic school, let alone apply directly to a famous American school, but they can successfully enter a famous foreign school through the preparatory course of a famous American school. Therefore, the preparatory courses of some famous American universities, such as the preparatory program of Northeastern University, are highly sought after by domestic fresh candidates. In addition, American universities are rich in resources and flexible in preparatory courses. Some American colleges and universities also offer the way of studying as a sophomore directly after graduating from preparatory courses, which undoubtedly greatly saves the cost and study time of studying in the United States. Therefore, such preparatory courses have also attracted much attention.
Britain: entrance examination is very important.
Except Oxford, Cambridge and London School of Economics and Political Science, a few universities do not have their own preparatory courses. Most British universities have their own preparatory courses. There is generally no problem with the management norms of British university preparatory courses. However, it should be noted that because universities in Scotland are four-year programs and universities in other regions are three-year, high school graduates in China can directly enter the first year of undergraduate studies in Scottish universities without taking preparatory courses.
Students with a high school diploma or above can apply for an undergraduate preparatory course with their high school transcripts, and then enter undergraduate study for 3 years after successful completion. Since the basic education in Britain is 13, it is essential that only China high school graduates with 12 basic education go to Britain to study 1 preparatory course. Teaching language courses, specialized courses and learning methods in preparatory courses can help students better adapt to foreign teaching and achieve good results in undergraduate courses. Many famous universities in Britain offer preparatory courses, such as Lancaster University Preparatory Course, London University Asian-African College Preparatory Course, Sheffield University Preparatory Course and so on.
Canada: Senior Three = Basic.
Whether or not to go to Canada for preparatory study actually varies from person to person. Some high school students do well in language and culture classes, and of course they don't have to take preparatory courses. Some high school graduates with average high school grades or without ordinary high school diplomas, even if their English is very good, have to make up specialized courses in preparatory courses before they can go to college. Another part of high school graduates have excellent high school grades, but their language ability is generally acceptable, but they have no internationally recognized language test scores, such as TOEFL and IELTS. They must also improve their English or take preparatory language courses (ESL, ENG, EAP, etc.). ) to go to college. If the language and culture course can't meet the requirements of high school graduates, the Canadian college preparatory course is even more essential.
For students who are not ideal in the college entrance examination, it is recommended to go to the preparatory course first. In fact, there is no so-called "preparatory course" in Canada. Their preparatory course is the local senior three. In the past, students in China were equivalent to studying for one year in senior high school and preparing to apply for universities. Local children can finish their studies and go to work when they are in the second year of high school, and they have to continue their studies if they want to go to college in the third year of high school. This is the same reason. For China students, one of the advantages of studying for one year is that they can apply to all Canadian universities, and they can also apply to universities in other countries after finishing senior three. Generally speaking, matriculation is equivalent to entering a university, but it does not mean entering a prestigious school.
Australia:
Choose the direction first when you are in preparatory school.
Australian university preparatory courses generally last for half a year to one year and offer 5-6 courses. It can be roughly divided into several directions: business direction, liberal arts direction, science direction, engineering direction and law direction. Students can choose the general direction according to the major to be studied in the university, and then choose the specific major after completing the preparatory course and entering the university. English is the main compulsory course in the curriculum. In addition to English courses, there are some professional compulsory courses and elective courses according to the direction of preparatory courses.
The arrangement of preparatory courses is very reasonable for overseas students, which can help them lay a solid foundation and make necessary preparations for adapting to overseas university education and successfully completing their studies. This should start with the education system of middle schools and universities at home and abroad. Generally speaking, China students cannot directly enter some universities in western countries because of language differences, different cultural backgrounds and different courses. Preparatory course is a basic training course for international students to help them meet the requirements of college entrance.
The causes of preparatory courses (1) Whether in domestic or western education systems, there is an objective span between basic education and higher education in terms of knowledge structure and teaching methods. Even in China, our freshmen are generally uncomfortable with university teaching and life, and even a little at a loss. In our middle school, more knowledge is passively instilled; In university, it is the exploration of knowledge under the guidance of professors. Geometry and algebra in middle school mathematics cultivate students' thinking in images, while calculus and linear algebra in university are abstract thinking abilities. As far as mathematics is concerned, the span is so large. Preparatory course, as a preparatory course, decentralizes some of the most important and basic knowledge in university compulsory courses, such as advanced mathematics, language and literature, computer science and other important subjects, to help students lay a good foundation step by step and make full preparations for university life and study. So this course is also called university to university? Basic courses? 、? Bridge course? .
(2) Is it the culture that people often say? Tremor? (Culture shock), the biggest difficulty is language. Although most of our senior high school students have studied English in China for more than 5 or 6 years, and even scored 6 points in IELTS, they are still listening when they first arrived abroad. A gobbledygook Yes, I have been translating English into Chinese in my mind, and when I express it, I turn Chinese into English. We know that it takes a certain period of formal training and adaptation to really pass the language barrier, so as to be complete? Get rid of it? People in China think and even dream in English. Therefore, preparatory courses play a vital role in overcoming various difficulties caused by cultural and language differences for international students.
Precautions editing
What is the function of the preparatory class for studying abroad?
High school students and technical secondary school students go to Canada, Australia, Britain and New Zealand to study for bachelor's degrees after graduation. They must finish the undergraduate preparatory course of 1 year in the local area before they can apply for the undergraduate course. Preparatory courses have a complete set of courses in these countries. Through the preparatory study, international students mainly adapt to the future university study in terms of language, learning methods and cultural life, and learn some professional basic knowledge and learning skills that universities need to learn. The international preparatory courses offered in China must meet all the standards of foreign universities in teaching methods and teaching quality management. Therefore, it is very important for students' future development to choose high-standard and guaranteed preparatory classes for studying abroad.
Preparatory classes for studying abroad are not English training.
Preparatory study abroad is not only an English training course to obtain satisfactory IELTS or TOEFL scores. China students' rapid progress in English has made them suffer a lot. After many international students go abroad, the most difficult thing to adapt to is the broad, free and independent learning methods abroad. In addition to the necessary English courses, high-standard preparatory classes should help students gradually liberate themselves from passive education and cultivate the spirit of active learning and independent research. In addition, high-standard preparatory classes should also be combined with the characteristics of domestic students to help students choose the courses of future university majors and do a good job in career design and major selection.
School hours and visa advantages
Although the difficulty of studying abroad visa has been exaggerated by many study abroad agents, visa is indeed a very important link in the process of studying abroad. Therefore, it is very important to carefully examine the visa ability of the institution when choosing the preparatory class for studying abroad. On the one hand, this evaluation standard is the time of its cooperative education, on the other hand, it is the reputation of its foreign cooperative institutions, and of course, it is necessary to carefully examine its past visa results. Beijing has the oldest and longest preparatory class for studying abroad for only three years, and the visa situation over the years will be filed at the embassy. Because some China students who study abroad through study abroad service institutions show uneven performance in the process of studying abroad, it is becoming the focus of some foreign educational institutions to promote educational cooperation by choosing domestic powerful educational institutions to jointly hold preparatory classes.
The cost depends on the actual situation.
Good preparatory classes for studying abroad are usually expensive, and the fees are naturally not low, but in fact they are not necessarily more expensive than some preparatory classes for studying abroad that seem to have lower fees. For example, the cost of some preparatory classes for studying abroad includes not only tuition and fees, but also IELTS exam fees and even accommodation fees. It also saves the cost of studying abroad services. Therefore, when calculating the cost of preparatory classes, all possible costs must be calculated and compared. In addition, good preparatory classes for studying abroad will provide rare undergraduate scholarships and reduce the tuition fees for overseas undergraduates.
How to choose the preparatory course (1), understand the qualifications of the school and ensure the quality of running a school?
Some preparatory courses are just language training, but real formal preparatory schools will infiltrate a lot of computer, mathematics or business knowledge that undergraduates will come into contact with in the future, laying a solid foundation for you to enter overseas undergraduate studies. In addition, the quality of running a school should also be paid attention to. It is best to choose a preparatory school with a long running time and good reputation, and there are docking courses with many overseas universities.
(2) Make clear the relationship between preparatory courses and universities.
When choosing preparatory courses for studying abroad, we must make clear the relationship between preparatory courses and universities and carefully screen them. For example, if you complete the corresponding preparatory study, whether you can enter the university directly after passing the exam, and whether you need to change the visa type or re-apply. In addition, universities run by domestic institutions? Ready? And confirm the nature of its education and research? Ready? What role does it play in applying for admission to foreign universities?
A transitional course aimed at solving the problem of foreign students adapting to the country's education system generally lasts 65,438+0 years. There are fewer courses than undergraduate courses. For example, 8-65,438+02 courses for undergraduate students and 5-6 courses for pre-university students are specially designed to help students adapt to the national education system, such as how to write papers and how to give speeches. Curriculum design is provided by foreign universities. Only by passing the graduation examinations of all subjects and obtaining the preparatory diploma can you study in foreign universities. Preparatory courses in the domestic market can be divided into university (undergraduate) preparatory courses and postgraduate (master's and doctoral) preparatory courses.
(3) Choose courses according to your own level.
Students should choose preparatory courses according to their own specific conditions, and should not blindly follow the crowd and be irresponsible for their own study. Please be sure to consult overseas institutions and senior educators in related majors before making a careful decision.
(4) You can participate in international preparatory classes that are more reliable in China.
At present, major universities in China offer various preparatory courses for international students at their own expense. In the selection process, we should pay attention to asking whether the preparatory course has been certified by overseas universities, and ask the project party to provide written materials to ensure that students can successfully enter the freshman courses of foreign universities after completing the preparatory course.
Why do students in China attend preparatory courses?
Academically speaking, Canadian universities do not require China students to complete preparatory courses before they can be admitted. Students with excellent grades (average score above 85) and TOEFL score above 80 (new TOEFL test) can directly apply for the first year of undergraduate course. However, if students' English level is not good, they can study in the preparatory course before entering the undergraduate course.
(1) Preparatory course lays the foundation for undergraduate study.
In addition to learning English, students should also learn some pre-university courses, such as the basic knowledge of specialized courses, in order to be familiar with foreign teaching methods, adjust their psychological state and lay the foundation for undergraduate study.
American preparatory courses for studying abroad are often carefully designed by professional teachers in universities to meet the actual needs of future teaching in universities. However, the course content is often checked and revised with the preparatory teachers who teach the project. The preparatory course for studying abroad in the United States focuses on providing necessary knowledge for students to successfully complete their college studies after entering universities in the future. English subjects aim to cultivate students' confidence and ability in English comprehension, listening, speaking and writing.
Some preparatory courses in the United States are only language training, while real formal preparatory schools in the United States will infiltrate a lot of computer, mathematics or business knowledge that undergraduates will come into contact with in the future, laying a solid foundation for you to study in the United States. In addition, the quality of running a school should also be paid attention to. It is best to choose a preparatory school with a long running time and good reputation, and have docking courses with many universities in the United States.
(2) The preparatory stage of Britain and Australia is essential.
Some parents worry that attending the preparatory course will prolong their children's study time, but it is not. Commonwealth countries have a three-year undergraduate course plus 1 year preparatory course, just like domestic universities. Moreover, the number of foreign three-year undergraduate courses is not less than that of domestic universities, and it is more difficult to learn without preparatory training. If you continue to study for a master's degree abroad, the master's course in Britain only needs 1 year, and the master's degree is five years, which is shorter than that in China 1-2 years.
Studying in british foundation is a basic preparatory course for British universities, which is designed for international students who can't meet the requirements of directly entering undergraduate degree courses. Due to the difference between the current education system in China and that in western Commonwealth countries, high school graduates or university graduates from China are generally not allowed to enter the first-year courses in Britain. Therefore, all high school graduates or college graduates from China must complete the pre-university courses and pass the exams before they can formally enter the first-year courses.
Brief introduction of ethnic preparatory course
Preparatory education for ethnic minorities is a special school-running form adopted by the state to train ethnic minority talents and accelerate socialist modernization in ethnic minority areas and remote areas. After one or two years of preparatory study in ethnic colleges or ordinary colleges, candidates pass the examination and directly enter the enrollment colleges for undergraduate study. When enrolling students in ethnic preparatory classes, they are usually divided into arts and sciences, and their majors are generally uncertain except in special circumstances.
Ethnic preparatory course category
The educational system of ethnic preparatory schools is usually one or two years, and the one-year system is usually called ethnic classes; Two-year students are generally candidates who answer in the national language.
Preparatory learning category
There are also two kinds of preparatory study: one is to study in our school at the preparatory stage and the normal study stage; The other is to study in another school that undertakes the preparatory training of other schools in the preparatory stage, and then transfer to the undergraduate stage of our school after passing the preparatory examination. The enrollment institutions are responsible for the enrollment of preparatory students, and the entrusted training institutions are only responsible for training. For example, Minzu University of China is a substitute school for Beijing Foreign Studies University and China Communication University, and Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications is a substitute school for Beijing Normal University and beijing university of chemical technology. Among them, there are both universities in provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and universities across provinces. For example, the preparatory students of Tongji University and East China Normal University are all trained in Nanchang Institute of Technology, and the preparatory students of Nankai University, Zhejiang University and Xiamen University are all trained in Yellow River Institute of Science and Technology.
Apply for ethnic preparatory course
It is understood that three basic points can be summarized (these three institutions with preparatory courses in the country are universal):
1, national identity. The purpose of establishing ethnic preparatory classes is to serve ethnic minorities. Therefore, in order to apply for ethnic preparatory classes, the most important thing is that their ethnic identity must be a minority, and Han candidates are not eligible to apply, even if the candidates are Han candidates in ethnic minority areas.
2. Enrollment plan. The preparatory enrollment plan for ethnic minorities is a mandatory plan issued by the state, so not all schools have preparatory enrollment plans. Moreover, limited by the nature of the preparatory course itself, most of the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) that are put in are areas where minority candidates are relatively concentrated. Candidates can inquire about the enrollment plan of the preparatory course according to the enrollment plans of the schools announced by the local provincial admissions office. For example, Hunan province pre-distributes the enrollment plan of ethnic preparatory classes in colleges and universities directly under the central ministries and commissions to cities and States. Therefore, when filling in the matriculation volunteers, it is still necessary to understand the matriculation admission policy of this province.
3. college entrance examination scores. According to the unified regulations of the Ministry of Education, when recruiting ethnic minority preparatory courses, candidates will be selected from high to low according to their wishes. Candidates are required to take the college entrance examination, and their scores shall not be less than 80 points below the minimum admission line for undergraduate students in their provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) (excluding ethnic care points).