What is photoelectric information science and engineering?
Optoelectronic information science and engineering is an interdisciplinary subject of optics, optoelectronics, microelectronics, communication, computer and other disciplines, involving radiation, transmission and detection of optical information, conversion, storage, processing and display of optoelectronic information and many other contents. According to Wang Jun, deputy dean of the School of Electronic Information Engineering of Beihang University, this major mainly studies the generation, sensing, acquisition, transmission, detection, control, storage, imaging, processing, display and application of photoelectric information. At present, photoelectric information science and engineering mainly do optical signal processing, and our familiar fttp, photodetector and optical communication are all research results in this field.
Optoelectronic information science and engineering belong to the electronic information category in engineering, and can be awarded a bachelor's degree in engineering or science. Its predecessor is mainly optical information science and technology. 20 12 The Ministry of Education adjusted the name of the major, and merged five majors, namely, Optoelectronic Information Science and Technology, Optoelectronic Technology Science, Information Display and Optoelectronic Technology, Optoelectronic Information Engineering and Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, into "Optoelectronic Information Science and Engineering".
Optoelectronic information science and engineering. What?
Optoelectronic information science and engineering majors have higher requirements for students' mathematical foundation. Taking Nankai University as an example, the courses offered by the school cover many knowledge such as mathematics foundation, photonics, electronics, computer science, mechanical engineering and so on. The main professional courses are: engineering optics, laser principle and technology, optical fiber communication and system, photoelectron laser experiment, optical communication experiment, spectroscopy experiment, electrodynamics, quantum mechanics, atomic physics, modern physics experiment, mathematical physics method, electronic circuit and technology, electronic technology practice, engineering drawing foundation, metal technology practice, computer software technology foundation, etc. Candidates can visit the websites of various institutions to inquire about the professional courses offered by other institutions.
According to Professor Wang, the major of Optoelectronic Information Science and Engineering requires students to have a solid foundation in mathematics and physics, strong logical thinking ability, like scientific experiments and hands-on practice, and more importantly, have a curiosity to explore new things in depth. Because it is the source of scientific discovery and technological innovation.
Two. Occupation and employment
Main employment fields and directions
Optoelectronic information industry is the most attractive sunrise industry in 2 1 century, and it is predicted that it will become the largest industry in this century. With the introduction of a series of national strategies to develop photoelectric technology and industry, and the construction and investment of "Optical Valley" in China, a large number of technologies and industries in the field of photoelectric information such as optical communication, optical sensing, optical storage and optical display have emerged one after another. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Software and Information Technology Service Industry Development Plan (20 16-2020) in June, 20 17, and set the average annual growth rate of the software and information technology service industry at 13% or more during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. By 2020, the income from industrial business will exceed 8 trillion yuan. All localities are also increasing the scale of related industries. 20 17 17 The annual economic data of Wuhan Donghu High-tech Zone was released, and the five strategic pillar industries of "Optical Valley" all entered the scale of 100 billion.
The technology and industrial direction of the photoelectric industry in the market mainly include: laser, optical fiber, optical communication, optical sensing, photoelectric devices, photoelectric detection equipment, microscope, liquid crystal, photovoltaic, optical storage, spectrum and so on. Photon has many characteristics that electrons don't have, such as a small optical fiber preform, which can pull out an optical fiber with a length of 10000 km and is as thin as a hair, and it only takes 10 second to transmit 1g information. At present, its technology and information field are closely integrated, and its market application is mainly concentrated in the direction of optical fiber and optical communication. China's electronics industry has developed mainly with microelectronics for decades, and its photoelectric application is still in the initial stage of FTTH and broadband acceleration. Other applications need more technical support. However, with the continuous development of science and technology, future image processing, pattern recognition and photonic computers are no longer dreams. Photoelectric technology may become the core of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation.
Graduates of this major are mainly engaged in the research, design, application and management of photoelectric information engineering and technology, photoelectric signal detection, photoelectric technology, optical communication technology, photoelectric measurement and control, precision engineering, information electronics technology, laser technology and other fields. Representative related companies include IBM, Freescale, Huawei, ZTE, Hisense, Dongfang, Lenovo, Motorola, Changhong Electronics, Haier, LG and so on.
Most students with high professional requirements choose postgraduate entrance examination or further study.
Many people who choose photoelectric major say that photoelectric major has several characteristics: first, the course is difficult; Second, it is difficult for undergraduates to find jobs; Third, many people go abroad for further study. Graduate student Xiao Zhang agrees with this statement: "In fact, these three points are related. The first point can be seen from professional courses. This major is partial to physics, and there are some difficult courses such as optics, quantum mechanics and electronics. Of course, if you want to take an interdisciplinary postgraduate entrance examination, you still have advantages. The second point is easy to understand. This major is aimed at either scientific research institutes or high-tech enterprises. The starting point is generally graduate students, and there is not much demand for undergraduates. Since the market demand is so, more people will inevitably go to graduate school and go abroad for further study. "
Take Nankai University as an example, the employment rate of graduates of this major is over 95%, of which about 30% are recommended to graduate students (including to Hong Kong University of Science and Technology), 7% are studying abroad, and nearly 30% are admitted to graduate students. Tianjin University also accounts for 50%-60% of the total number of graduates admitted to national universities or research institutes for further study. The ratio of the number of graduate students enrolled in the photoelectric information science and engineering major of Harbin Institute of Technology to the number of undergraduates is basically 1: 1. Nearly 30% of graduates recommend master's degree exemption, and the graduation rate of master's degree students exceeds 70%.
Third, the application guide
According to the data of Sunshine College Entrance Examination Information Platform, there are currently more than 200 colleges and universities in China offering this major. Representative institutions include Zhejiang University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Tianjin University, National University of Defense Technology, Nankai University and Harbin Institute of Technology. Colleges and universities have their own advantages and emphases according to their own development and situation. The main training directions are: photoelectric instruments, optical engineering, optical communication technology, photoelectric information technology and so on.
Zhejiang University established the first optical instrument specialty in China on 1952, and the optical engineering discipline of Zhejiang University became the first doctoral degree awarding point in China on 1984. From 2005 to 2007, he won the first place in the first-level discipline evaluation of graduate schools in colleges and universities for three consecutive years. In 20 12, it tied for the first place in the first-level discipline appraisal organized by the Center for Degree and Postgraduate Education Development of the Ministry of Education. At present, the discipline of optical engineering in Zhejiang University is in a leading position in China.
The discipline of electronic information and optical engineering in Nankai University is developed on the basis of solid physics discipline. 20 13 The School of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering and the School of Computer and Control Engineering were established. The college has five undergraduate majors: electronic information science and technology, communication engineering, electronic science and technology, microelectronics science and engineering, and photoelectric information science and engineering. Among them, photoelectric information science and engineering specialty is a strong combination of Nankai University and Tianjin University. Make full use of the advanced photoelectric information technology teaching and scientific research experimental bases of the two universities, with complementary advantages, and set up in 2003.
Photoelectric Information Science and Engineering of Harbin Institute of Technology is affiliated to Aerospace College, and the enrollment is mainly electronic information. The second category of electronic information in this school includes microelectronics, optoelectronics, optoelectronic information science and engineering, and the enrollment of each major direction is 50%, 30% and 20% of the total enrollment of this major respectively. After one year's study, students can choose their major according to their own interests, and according to their academic achievements in the first academic year, they are divided into three grades according to the enrollment ratio of each major.
Candidates can carefully read the professional settings and enrollment regulations of colleges and universities when applying for the exam, and comprehensively select newspapers according to their hobbies and actual conditions.