The Mongols engaged in hunting have counted the number of people. On the rock wall of the ladder ditch of Murray River in Dengkou County, Yinshan City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the profound symbols of the original numbers were found: "Yi" and "?" " ?" " ?" ..... This is the original number left by Mongolian ancestors. In the distant primitive society, Mongolian ancestors have produced a clear concept of numbers.

Livestock is the wealth of shepherds, and it is essential to count their numbers. Historically, in 1 189 and 120 1 year, Genghis Khan and Jamukha fought two wars in Dharambalaju and Kuita, with 30,000 people on each side. Only one horse was used for riding, and a total of more than120,000 horses were used. Calculating the number of livestock is a difficult problem. Because of the large number of livestock, clever prairie people have long created a method to calculate livestock. They don't use horses, horses, heads, peaks and other quantitative units. But they are used to calculating in depressions, basins or "seas" that is, bays. Robsang Chadan's Guide to Mongolian Customs said: "To know how many livestock there are, we must gather them together and measure the land through depressions with our own marks. Some rich households keep livestock in several ditches or depressions. This measurement method is called "sinking into the sea". Therefore, some places in Mongolia are named after Tao Hai, such as Erlian Huataohai, Huhe Aobang Taohai and Baoyu Huataohai, all of which are places where livestock are measured. This is a unique way for prairie people to calculate livestock.

Mongolians also have an ancient method to perform four arithmetic operations. The calculation tool called "Jurhai" and "Giant Sea" is equivalent to an abacus. It consists of a Jules sea blackboard and a Jules sea pen. The Jules Sea Blackboard is a special wooden board with a length of 40× 16cm, and the Jules Sea Pen is an iron pen with a length of 16cm. Zhu Erhai's calculation is equivalent to erasing the calculated number, filling in a new number at that position, removing it once, and then filling in a new number at that position, thus completing an operation. Clear the calculated numbers at any time, do not write any calculation symbols and calculation process, and calculate from left to right. The Mongolian people still have the Pearl Sea Classic, which contains rich mathematical contents, most of which have been handed down for a long time by reciting and memorizing.

When the Mongols used Arabic numerals originated, there is still a lack of historical records, but the unearthed cultural relics provide a basis for people. /kloc-in the winter of 0/956, five iron plates with Arabic numerals were unearthed in the former site of Anxi Palace, a Mongolian in Yuan Dynasty in the northeast of xi City, Shaanxi Province. Rubik's cube, also called vertical and horizontal diagram, is characterized by arranging n2 numbers into a square with N numbers on each side, so that the sum of the numbers on the horizontal, vertical and diagonal lines is equal. The five pieces of Arabian iron plates of the "Six Six Rubik's Cube" unearthed from the site of Anxi Prefecture should be the relics of Mongolian Anxi King and his subordinates studying Rubik's Cube mathematics.

There is a Yuan generation, which is the highest peak of mathematics development in China. Qian Baoyu, an expert in the history of mathematics, pointed out: "Mathematics in China flourished in the early Yuan Dynasty, with outstanding scholars and numerous works. Put special glory in the history of mathematics "(Qian Baoyu's Selected Works on the History of Science). His famous works include Li Zhi's Round Sea Mirror, An Ancient Analysis, Zhu Shijie's Arithmetic Enlightenment, Siyuan Encounter, Ding Ju's Ding Ju Algorithm and so on. At the moment when literati are rising and their works are like forests, a Mongolian scholar, Meng Ge, has appeared.

Geometrical Elements, a great mathematician in ancient Greece, was translated into Chinese by Xu Guangqi in Ming Dynasty. As early as the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolians had already read the Arabic translation of Geometry Elements. The seventh volume of the Book of Hui Hui in the Secret Records of the Yuan Dynasty contains: "In October of the tenth year of the Yuan Dynasty, the Tiantai of the North Temple applied for the book", and there is a kind of "fifteen pieces of four-breaking algorithm", which refers to this book. Meng Ge, the grandson of Genghis Khan, a young and promising Mongolian strategist, became the first person to study the original geometry. The History of Dosan Mongolia says: "Genghis Khan is a king with better knowledge, and he knows how to explain some patterns of Euclid." Meng Ge is an excellent Mongolian strategist. He went through many battles. He studied mathematics in a hectic state, and we can infer the role of mathematics in his strategic military affairs. Unfortunately, the historical materials are not recorded. At present, the site of Yuanshangdu Observatory in Zhenglan Banner of Xilin Gol League in Inner Mongolia still exists, and its application of geometric elements has been clearly recorded in the literature. This observatory was originally built by Mongo in 1255, but how Mongo applied geometric elements in the construction process is unknown.

Ming Gatu, a Mongolian mathematician in Qing Dynasty, made great achievements. Regarding the achievement of his book "Secant circle density method", Li Yan, a famous mathematician in China, pointed out: "Secant circle density method analyzes nine skills, starting with connecting proportional triangles. This combination of numbers and shapes is comparable to Descartes' analytic geometry. Japanese mathematical historian Kazuo Sanshi said: "The development of meta-theory is the most important event, which is comparable to the western definite integral." ... three technologies use infinite series and trigonometric functions. Although there is quite a formula, the method of explanation is not prepared. After more than 30 years' efforts, Qin Tian, a Mongolian, began to experiment with analytical methods and attached six methods. "The summary of Four Treasures of the Study said:" The Europa people keep their knowledge secret, and their arguments are profound and incomprehensible. "Mingatou explained the correctness of three infinite pole numbers that westerners refused to explain, found six infinite pole numbers by himself, and calculated their correctness. Mingatou called these nine infinite pole numbers "nine methods". The "secant circle connecting proportion method" created by him in secant circle density method contains the idea of combining shape and number and transforming straight line and arc into each other. This idea of finding a circular line by a straight line and a straight line by a circular line has the same meaning as western calculus.

Mingatou died for writing this book, and "thought for more than 30 years", which made his son and students "continue to write". The four volumes of Secant Speed have made brilliant achievements in the world, and Mingatu has made outstanding contributions to the scientific cause of the motherland and mankind.