The basic points of psychological nursing Psychological nursing refers to the psychological treatment method in which nurses actively influence patients' psychological activities through various ways and means (including applied psychological theory and technology) in order to achieve nursing goals.
First, the basic concept of psychological nursing
Psychological nursing and psychotherapy are both related and different. Psychological nursing emphasizes the use of psychological theories and methods to closely combine nursing practice, give full play to the professional advantages of nurses who have the closest contact with patients, attach importance to psychological nursing, and make it an enhancer of psychosomatic rehabilitation. The purpose of psychological care and physiological care is to promote rehabilitation and health.
Practice has proved that only by closely combining psychological nursing with physiological nursing can the physical and mental health of the clients be promoted in the whole nursing process. However, psychological nursing is different from physical nursing, such as nursing of abdominal colostomy, which requires nurses to teach patients how to handle abdominal colostomy by themselves (physical nursing) and be caring and considerate to patients (psychological nursing).
Two main forms of psychological nursing
1. Personalized psychological care and * * * sexual psychological care
Individualized psychological nursing aims at solving individualized psychological problems according to patients' personalities. Nurses are required to accurately understand the patients' bad psychological state in the process of illness, and take effective countermeasures that vary from person to person, such as aiming at the psychological problems of patients with disfigurement after trauma, and quickly alleviating the patients' serious psychological load.
* * * Sexual psychological care is used to solve patients' sexual psychological problems, such as psychological care of surgical patients, psychological care of hospitalized patients and psychological care of mental patients. * * * Sexual psychological nursing requires nurses to be good at summarizing and mastering the laws of psychological problems of similar patients, and to carry out preventive intervention on potential psychological problems to prevent serious psychological obstacles.
2. Conscious psychological care and unconscious psychological care
Conscious psychological nursing means that nurses consciously use psychological theory and technology to achieve the purpose of psychological support, psychological adjustment or mental health education for patients through designed language and behavior, such as beneficial hints, exact guarantees and reasonable explanations. It is required that the implementer must have the initiative consciousness of psychological nursing and have received professional training.
Unconscious psychological nursing refers to all the operations and ways that may affect patients at any time in every link of nursing procedure. If a good nurse-patient relationship is established, whether the nurse is aware of it or not, it may play a positive role in psychological care, so all the operations and behaviors of the nurse are required to become the enhancer of patients' physical and mental rehabilitation.
Three, psychological care matters needing attention
The basic points of psychological nursing are similar to psychotherapy, but the following precautions should be emphasized:
Establish a good nurse-patient relationship. Psychiatric nursing is patient-centered, and good interpersonal relationship between nurses and patients is one of the important guarantees for the success of psychological nursing and other therapeutic nursing.
When talking with patients, we should use active communication and communication skills purposefully, so that patients can actively express their needs and ideas; We should pay attention to the application of professional knowledge and technology in daily treatment, rehabilitation and health care to make patients recover.