Lingao puppet show is a kind of folk opera. Lingao dialect (belonging to the Thai language family) emphasizes the duality of Bixing, which is easy to understand and vivid. It is distributed in Lingao County, Hainan Province, parts of Chengmai and Danzhou, Bopian, Zuntan and Shizi Road in Qiongshan, Changliu, Rongshan and Xiuying in the suburbs of Haikou. In 2006, Lin 'gao puppet show was officially listed in the national intangible cultural heritage list.
This art is unique and colorful.
Lingao Puppet Show mainly sings "Aha" and "Tan Lang". Later, allegro, Li Limei cavity, Qiziban, Ugly Feet, Little Cowherd, Er Yi Li, Flat Panel, Moonlight, Bai Furong cavity and Cryboard were absorbed from the temporary play, and they were arranged and created by folk songs and folk music. In addition, it also absorbed the class cavity of Qiong Opera, such as Cheng Tu, Tan Ban, Kuban, Qiang, Jiao and so on.
The early band consisted of five people, and the instruments were suona, Sanxian (or Qin Qin), coconut trees, bamboo flute and percussion. After 1960s, the number of bands increased to about ten, and western instruments such as dulcimer, erhu, Qin Yue, flute, Qin Qin, cello and clarinet were added. Percussion music has also changed from the traditional China drum to the percussion structure of wooden fish, drums, cymbals and gongs.
In the performance, because "dolls acting together" and "simple people acting" coexist and promote each other. Play a puppet show, pay attention to the colorful performance methods of doll fusion, doll combination and doll combination; Pro-drama absorbed sleeves, fans, handkerchiefs, catwalk and other skills. Guangxi's Guangxi Opera, Zhuang Opera, Qiong Opera and other brother operas enrich the means of expression.
In the early puppet show, actors from all walks of life did not wear makeup to hook their faces. Until the 1960s and 1970s, actors from all walks of life wore light makeup, pretended to be handsome, and did not paint faces. But puppet idols have rich faces. For example, the old man, the old man (father), the mountain thief, the ugly official and the clown in the ugly line all express the personality characteristics of the characters through facial sketches. Life and death are handsome and beautiful, and clowns are ugly. Fat people are fat, and thin people are thin. The contrast is very obvious. In terms of color, there are red faces, white faces, black faces and colorful faces. People have different identities and are painted with different colors.
Chinese puppet shows were formally formed, directly manipulated by people, and puppets dressed up specific characters. Performing simple stories in public was in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, especially in the Northern Qi Dynasty (550-577 AD).
According to legend, in the Southern Song Dynasty, puppet shows were introduced to Qiongdao from the mainland and soon flourished in Hainan. In Lingao County, puppets are often invited to participate in folk activities such as exorcism, eliminating diseases and disasters, and offering sacrifices to gods. This activity, which was originally purely a sacrifice to the gods, gradually became a way of entertainment in the development of later dynasties.
The early statues were mostly in the shape of gods and buddhas, as big as fists, so they were also called "Buddhist drama". Since then, idols have gradually grown and become people. For example, there are more than 20 wooden statues handed down from generation to generation by Chen Cheng, an old folk artist, and three of them have the words "Kangxi" engraved on the back of their heads. Because of its artistic characteristics, people and puppets perform on the same stage, that is, performers hold puppets, put on costumes, sing and fight, and all play the same role as their puppets. Its form of performance, or the operation of the puppet, the puppet is the upper body, the actor walks with the body, or the actor's expression complements and enriches the idol's expression, so the folk call this puppet show "puppet show"
The "actor" of the puppet show is twofold, and the real performance is the "puppet". Puppet modeling is not only a dramatic role carved by people, but also a manipulated tool.
Since the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, puppet shows have entered the countryside from cities, and various styles and schools have formed the plastic arts of puppets. Due to different regions, various modeling features have emerged: Quanzhou Kerry Opera, Zhangzhou Puppet Opera, Guangdong Zhangtou, Chaozhou Iron Opera, Heyang Line Opera, Wuqiao Pole Opera, Sichuan Puppet, and pattern renovation. Or the business is complete (health, beauty, cleanliness and ugliness), or the craft is excellent, or finely crafted, or broad-minded and freehand, with different charms, such as Jiang and other world-renowned carving masters. After the Republic of China, especially in recent decades, puppet shows have moved from folk to specialization, performances from outdoor to theater, puppet modeling has gradually modernized, and carving and painting techniques have reached a high level. Generally speaking, the artistic level of puppet modeling in China today is in step with the times.
The track of China puppet plastic arts can be roughly divided into three stages:
(1) three sculptures and seven paintings. Artists carve their heads first, and then draw faces to distinguish people. Modeling mainly depends on drawing faces.
⑵ Combination of sculpture and painting. Paying equal attention to modeling, sculpture and painting, emphasizing creativity and techniques, professional puppet artists and workshops have emerged. Both of them belonged to these two stages before Ming and Qing Dynasties.
(3) Plasticity and randomness stage. Modern and contemporary puppet modeling artists make full use of modern scientific and technological products, design and make puppets according to the needs of drama content and the aesthetic trend of the times, making them more exaggerated and more characteristic of puppet art, which not only gets rid of the tradition of pure drama, but also forms a gorgeous puppet modeling world with different artistic pursuits. This is the unprecedented prosperity of China puppet plastic arts.
Muppets were called "silk puppets" in ancient times, also known as "line play". Originated in the Han Dynasty, flourished in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty. Since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, it has spread in Quanzhou, commonly known as "Jiali Opera". After hundreds of years of inheritance, it has gradually formed a complete and mature set of performance regulations, performance "rules", idol production technology, rich performance repertoire and unique drama music-"puppet tune".
Puppet show has been a part of Thai cultural tradition for hundreds of years. Thai puppet show is different from European puppet show because of its exquisite image. It is considered as one of the three most influential puppet shows in Asia.
Thai puppets are 40 centimeters high and are half the size of puppets. It consists of the head, the main skeleton of the puppet and the shoulders, which are covered by special clothes. Both sides of the sleeve are made of inner thin skeletons. Thai puppet show is a performance of people and puppets on the same stage. When performing a puppet show, the actor holds the main skeleton in his left hand and the thin skeleton in his right hand. The tacit cooperation between actors must take years to train.
1998, Bann Tookkatoon Hoon Krabok was established. Inherited the essence of puppet show performance art, and let Thai puppet show go to the world.
For people in Southeast Asia, puppet shows symbolize childhood, joy and traditional culture. With the prosperity of tourism, Vietnam's unique water puppet show is dazzled by tourists as a national treasure. The gripping repertoire and unique performance methods are showing their unique charm and are the first choice for tourists to visit Vietnam.
Water puppet show is the most distinctive traditional folk stage performance in Vietnam and the only puppet show in the world. What is unusual is that the puppet show is performed on the water in the pool. Performers must be immersed in water for a long time. With their strong arm strength and skillful rope control skills, dolls can vividly perform various legends and stories, and their dynamic and appropriate demeanor is amazing.
Vietnam's water puppet show is an entertaining art performance, usually performed by ponds all over Vietnam's rural areas. If tourists want to see it, there is a special theater in Hanoi, which only performs once a night. The performance is to build a small water pavilion with a red tile roof on the water, which is called "Water God Pavilion". There is a bamboo curtain hanging in the water, and the puppet master hides behind it. The puppet is fixed at one end of a thin bamboo pole, and the other end is manipulated by people. These puppets are very cute, and ducks, fish, boats, frogs and other animals perform together. The content of the play is mostly based on Vietnamese historical stories and folklore, such as
This kind of artistic performance, which began in the Li Dynasty (Ly Dynasty, A.D.10 ~1225) in Vietnam, originated in the Red River Delta where lakes and ponds were everywhere. When water puppet shows are performed on the water, those natural lakes and ponds are the best free performance places in rural areas. Since its establishment, water puppet show has gradually spread from northern Vietnam to the whole country, and reached its peak in the18th century, attracting audiences with various plays and being popular all over Vietnam.
It is said that during the Li Dynasty in Vietnam, water puppet show was an artistic etiquette to celebrate the emperor's birthday, and ordinary people could not have the opportunity to watch such a unique performance. There was no professional water puppet troupe before. Therefore, this skill is passed down from generation to generation. Now, these older generations with this skill have become the best instructors of water puppet troupes all over Vietnam. At present, there is still an antique and almost complete stage of water puppet show on Changsan Lake in Tafota, Hexi Province, Vietnam, and there are audiences by the lake. This is a typical stage in ancient times, unlike the stage now built on an artificial pool.
The water puppet show combines puppets and water wonderfully, and the plot is mostly based on Vietnamese life and folk stories. A complete Vietnamese version of the water puppet show takes about 2 hours, and the program content truly depicts the life history of the Vietnamese people. There are the most puppets who go to Beijing for China in the play, which is very interesting.
Water puppet shows are all about how Vietnamese protect their country in the face of natural threats or enemy invasion. There are also descriptions of how Vietnamese farmers enjoy their leisure time after hard farming and bumper harvest; There are also scenes in which the nominees who won the gold medal in the imperial examination returned to their hometown wearing gold, as well as some folk activities such as lion dance, fairy dance and phoenix dance, as well as the restoration of the sword lake in Vietnamese fairy tales, such as the tortoise drawing the sword. From the contents of these plays, we can see how much the Vietnamese people attach importance to local artistic characteristics and historical and cultural attitudes. Return arrow is a famous legend in Vietnam.
The most representative water puppet troupe in Vietnam is the Shenglong Troupe in Hanoi, which has its own theater ... The Shenglong Water Puppet Theatre, located at No.57B Ding Street, the restoration of Jian Lake in Hanoi, arranges two performances every night, each with 65,438+07 plays, and the performance time is 90 minutes. The equipment in the theater is very simple. On a waist-deep pool, there is a stage background like a palace and a temple. Below it are several bamboo curtains hanging on the water, and on both sides are decorative drawing boards of pastoral scenery such as trees and plantains. The audience sat in front of the swimming pool.
The theater can provide about 300 seats, but it is almost packed, and most of the visitors are foreign tourists. There is a orchestra seat on the left side of the stage. Every program performed here is provided with music or dubbing by an exclusive band. They play traditional Vietnamese instruments and sometimes sing according to the needs of the plot. The whole scene was very lively.
These puppets are very lively and funny when they laugh. Puppet's hands and feet have movable joints. Puppet operators stand behind the bamboo curtain and use long bamboo poles and thin wires to let puppets jump, paddle, walk and even perform stunts freely. Puppets perform on the water and bamboo poles hide in the water.
At the beginning of a play, puppets of various shapes emerge from behind the uncovered bamboo curtain, and then return to the curtain at the end, such as fishermen fishing, fishing, catching frogs, catching foxes, children playing in the water, begging for phoenix, dancing lions, fairies descending to earth, golden turtles and swords, etc. , are very common repertoire content of water puppet show. All the programs are quite compact and often take the audience from one consternation to another.
In the eyes of foreigners, it is much better to appreciate the humor and performing arts of a water puppet show than to soak in those dance halls, lounges and karaoke bars every night.
At the end of the performance, all the puppet actors will walk from behind the bamboo curtain to the front to take a curtain call to the audience. Many viewers realized at this time that these performers have been standing in the water all the time! I can't help but salute them. If you are interested in these lovely puppets, just visit the art store in the center of ha noi and you can buy them.
In addition to arranging a water puppet show at the Shenglong Theater in Hanoi, there is also a theater open during the day in the Confucius Temple, which is also a cultural relic located in the city. However, compared with the Shenglong Theater, the content of the program, the skills and skills of the performers and the sophistication of the stage are much inferior to those of the Shenglong Theater, but it is also convenient for international tourists who come and go in a hurry to enjoy. It is because the performance of the Shenglong Theater will not be staged until evening, and the theater of the Confucian Temple can buy tickets to enjoy as long as the Confucian Temple is open during the day.
Although the water puppet show originated in North Vietnam, there is also a water puppet show troupe in Ho Chi Minh City, South Vietnam, which has spared no effort in promotion. In the past, there was a "Little Bamboo Shoots" theater in Ho Chi Minh City, but it was destroyed by fire in 1993 and forced to close. It was not until last year that the troupe found another place and rebuilt a simple theater in the open space of the War Crimes Museum, so that visitors here could enjoy it by the way.
Want to see Vietnam's own traditional culture Water puppet show will never let you down, it will touch the throbbing heart, arouse childhood memories and leave fresh and indelible memories on the journey.
Japanese domestic literature is colorful, some are imported, some are classical entertainment with a long history. For example:
Nengju: It is an extremely noble stage art and a simple lyric drama, which is performed in the religious ceremony of Shinto programs.
The rhyming of lines, plot, classical music and the recitation of symbolic actions of actors are the characteristics of neng opera. The actors are wearing15th century costumes. The main characters also wear masks to show their various characteristics.
The top of the habitable stage resembles the roof of a Shinto temple. The equipment is simple, which is very suitable for concentration.
Kabuki: Kabuki is a more popular theatrical art than Nengju. Different from Nengju, its success comes from the audience's welcome and support. The success that can be cited is sponsored by the shogunate and the court. Kabuki is characterized by rhyming lines, wonderful dances, pleasant music, luxurious costumes, colorful makeup and other carefully designed ornaments. What surprises foreigners most is that the heroine in the play is always played by a man. Large theaters have programs with English annotations.
Lewen Opera: This puppet show is another kind of stage entertainment in Japan, which is not only loved by the Japanese public, but also enjoys a high reputation internationally. Puppet shows are mostly operated by three people, and each puppet uses three joysticks to make the puppets perform vivid actions. Accompaniment is inherent music and traditional folk songs, and their costumes are gorgeous and moving.
Cherry blossom dance: The cherry blossom dance in the cherry blossom season is popular in Kyoto. Dancers wearing bright kimonos are particularly moving in the traditional Japanese music. The most famous ones are Du Yong (April 1 day to April 30) and Yachuan Yong (May 1 day to 24 and1October 15 to 1 1 July 7).
Musical: It is very prosperous in Japan. There are famous song and dance troupes such as Treasure and Matsuzaka, and the actors are young women who have undergone strict training.
Ballet and Concert: It is very active in major cities, and the facilities in theaters or concert halls are good. Famous song and dance troupes or symphony orchestras perform regularly. World-famous orchestras or soloists often come to Japan to play or sing.
Japanese and foreign movies: Like other metropolises in the world, Japanese metropolises have many cinemas showing international movies, and there are also many cinemas showing Japanese movies. The content of the film is very novel, and there are also ancient plots full of historical significance. Japanese films are all in Japanese, while foreign films are original in foreign languages with short Japanese explanations.
Booking: Japan calls this kind of ticket office "P 1ay Guides" (entertainment guide). There are many such ticket offices in downtown streets or department stores. The scope of ticket sales includes not only theater tickets, but also various sports performances. Both the tourist service center and the hotel have the telephone number of the ticket office, so you can ask nearby if necessary.
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This kind of puppet show is another kind of stage entertainment in Japan, which is not only loved by the Japanese public, but also famous internationally. Puppet shows are mostly operated by three people, and each puppet has three joysticks, so that the puppets can perform vivid actions. Accompanied by traditional music and folk songs, the costumes of puppets are gorgeous and moving.
Japan is based on this.
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