Hello, everyone. Welcome to Shanghai Museum.

Museums are windows to show people human civilization, while Shanghai Museum is a window for Shanghai and even China to show our 5,000-year-old Chinese civilization to the public at home and abroad.

Shanghai Museum is located at the southern end of Shanghai People's Square. Established in 1952. With the decision-making and support of Shanghai leaders and generous donations from all walks of life at home and abroad, it was finally completed in front of everyone after two years of construction.

As a symbol of Shanghai's urban civilization, Shanghai Museum is suitable for Shanghai's status, so its design scheme is very rigorous.

After screening, the design scheme presided over by Shanghai Architectural Design and Research Institute and deputy chief designer was adopted.

The new museum covers an area of 33 mu, with two floors underground and five floors above ground, with a height of 29.5 meters and a construction area of 40,000 square meters.

The original Shanghai Museum had only four exhibition halls, but now it has been expanded into 10 exhibition hall and 1 special hall.

The exhibition area reached10.2 million square meters, 3.4 times of the original.

There are 1 1 galleries with long-term exhibitions, such as bronzes, ceramics, sculptures, jade articles and ethnic handicrafts.

1995, Bronze Museum, ceramics museum and Sculpture Museum were officially opened to the public.

Let's stand in front of the museum and look at the shape of the new museum. Its design is a combination of square base and circular radial type, which has a distinct sense of space.

"Square" symbolizes all directions, and "circle" means the cycle of cultural origins. The four arches of this museum reflect the open world.

The whole building is like a big bronze ear in ancient China.

If we look down from the air, we can see that these disc-shaped roofs are like a huge China mirror.

It not only contains the cultural tradition of "round place" with China characteristics, but also embodies the crystallization of Chinese civilization and our sense of the times based on modern science and technology, facing the world and the future.

The new Shanghai Museum is one of the cross-century modern landmark buildings in Shanghai.

Please follow me into this brand-new Shanghai Museum, feel the 5,000-year-old Chinese civilization together and devote yourself to the pursuit of the past.

The hall of the museum is paved with blue bricks, the walls are decorated with beige granite, and the central floor of the hall is inlaid with ancient and huge precious flower patterns.

The first thing we visited was the bronze museum.

Bronze ware is the treasure of ancient culture in China, and bronze ware culture is the image carrier to record the slave society.

Shanghai Museum has a complete collection of bronzes and exquisite handicrafts.

As far as the systematic collections of Shang, Western Zhou, Spring and Autumn and Warring States are concerned, Shanghai Museum is comparable to Beijing Palace Museum and Taipei Palace Museum.

Shanghai Museum is characterized by its long inscriptions and historical descriptions.

This bronze museum fully reflects the complete system of bronze craft development in China and the extraordinary creativity of the Chinese nation.

Bronze is a great invention in human history and the earliest alloy in the history of metallurgical casting in the world.

Copper plus tin and lead becomes a new alloy. After thousands of years of chemical reaction, a layer of blue-gray rust appeared on its surface, which is what we saw before our eyes.

The age span of bronze craft in China is roughly from Xia Dynasty in 2 1 century BC to Warring States Period before 22 1 century BC, which can be divided into initial stage, gestation stage, heyday stage, transition stage and renewal stage.

China bronzes are mainly ritual vessels, and their shapes can be roughly divided into five categories, namely, daily utensils (cookers, utensils, wine vessels, ornaments), musical instruments, weapons, tools and money.

Just now, you have seen the initial stage and incubation period of bronze wares. Let me introduce the heyday of bronzes to you.

The heyday of bronzes was from the late Shang Dynasty to the early Western Zhou Dynasty.

The bronzes of this period were beautifully cast, and they were all cast in sets, with an unprecedented variety.

Most bronzes in this period are decorated with animal patterns, which are magnificent, solemn and mysterious, reflecting people's worship of force of nature.

Just like this reed, it was used to put food in ancient times.

Square or round in shape, it was a noble food vessel or sacrificial vessel at that time.

But it gradually spread to the people, and there is a saying of "nine big money" among the people in China.

What do you mean by "nine obstacles"? It means that the banquet is so rich that there are nine big baskets full of vegetables and food.

In ancient times, sacrifices were usually "two", "four" and "eight", but some places used to call banquets "nine".

Adding a word "big" between "Nine" and "Gui" not only means more, but also contains extremely rich and grand meanings.

What people call "reed" refers to a "big bowl" that can hold five or six kilograms of rice.

According to the appetite of modern people, Nineties can be enjoyed by 100 people.

It can be seen that the "Nine Obstacles" do their best to boast about their rich meals and high-standard banquets.

The traditional "nine baskets" of nine dishes have evolved into our modern "nine baskets" of nine dishes, namely: 1. Stewed mushrooms with shrimps; 2. Stewed duck with pigskin glue; 3. Stewed flowers with winter bamboo shoots in south milk; 4. white-cut chicken; 5. Stew Chinese cabbage with firewood; 6. Stir-fried squid and chicken offal with Dutch beans; 7. Braised snapper with garlic; 8. Braised pork pot; 9. Gollum meat.

It can be said that it is endless and changeable.

After listening to so many delicious dishes, would you like to try them?

Look at this. This is the second largest bronze ware in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

1890 unearthed in Fufeng, Shaanxi, weighing 20 1.5 kg.

Most precious of all, there are 290 inscriptions cast on its inner abdominal wall, which record the historical facts that big noble praised the achievements of his ancestor Washington, assisted Zhou Wang and Zhou Yiwang to give him life clothes, land and slaves.

What lies ahead is the transition period of bronze technology.

Looking ahead, bronze casting technology has reached a new peak.

During this period, the ritual features of bronzes gradually disappeared, and a considerable part of them were transformed into daily necessities.

Let's take a look at the 14 Jin Hou brittle chimes rescued in recent years, the large 1300px and the small 550px.

Inscription records that in the war led by Jin, he killed hundreds of enemies and captured many batches, so he was personally rewarded.

And this bronze pot that curator Ma rescued from Hong Kong in the early Western Han Dynasty. This pot was used by the maharaja, but it's a pity that a lid is missing. It represents the highest level of bronze craftsmanship in the Western Han Dynasty, and belongs to a special boutique among the first-class cultural relics.

While visiting and simulating the casting technology and porcelain-making methods of ancient bronzes, everyone followed me into another museum-"ceramics museum".

Ceramics is one of the great inventions of ancient China.

Pottery has a long history in China, and ancient people made pottery in Wannian County, Jiangxi Province 8800 years ago.

Pottery culture and historical relics of different periods are displayed here.

Before the Tang Dynasty, the manufacture of pottery was monotonous in material selection, color and process.

Until the Tang Dynasty, the appearance of "Three Colors in the Tang Dynasty" also marked that China ceramics entered a colorful stage.

"Tang Sancai" is made of iron, copper, manganese, cobalt and other metal raw materials as colorants, which are burnt into yellow, green, brown, purple and other colors in low temperature oxidation.

In the past, the three colors of the Tang Dynasty were mainly used as funerary objects, horses were the most vivid images, and camels were common.

It's like this camel carrying goods, raising its head and hissing while traveling, and the two humps are separated. This common physiological feature has been preserved forever.

Yixing's purple sand ware is also world-famous.

Yixing is the "Taodou" of China.

The purple sand tea set is developed from pottery, and the purple sand fired in Yixing is delicate, hard, cold-resistant and heat-resistant, which can keep the original flavor of tea, transfer heat slowly and is not easy to burn. The colors are reddish brown, light yellow and purple black, and the shapes are diverse, so it is the first choice for making tea.

There is a saying in history that "a pot is less than two taels, and the price of each tael of gold can make the local gold compete for the price". Good purple sand ware is valuable, and most of what we see is made by famous artists in Ming and Qing dynasties, which is very precious.

In addition to pottery, there are also porcelains created and invented by China.

What is mainly displayed here is the development of porcelain and kiln furniture, the equipment for firing porcelain and the display of porcelain products.

China is the hometown of porcelain.

The invention of porcelain is another great contribution of the ancient working people in China to human civilization.

Celadon was produced in the Shang Dynasty more than 3,000 years ago, but most of them were funerary objects, imitating bronzes in shape.

It seems that this Shang Dynasty green glaze statue is also a funerary object, but it can be said that it is the top grade of the existing primitive porcelain with complete shape and uniform glaze juice.

Until the Song Dynasty, it was a period of unprecedented prosperity in the history of China ceramics, showing the "five famous kilns" of Ru kiln, Ding kiln, Guan kiln, Ge kiln and Jun kiln, and Longquan kiln, Yaozhou kiln, Cizhou kiln, Jianyang kiln and Jizhou kiln were in full bloom.

Ruyao Site is located in Baofeng County, Henan Province, ranking first among the five famous kilns in history. It is the most famous porcelain kiln in China.

Specially burning celadon for the court; Ding Kiln is located in Quyang County, Hebei Province. Most of the porcelain is white porcelain and covered with metal. You can tell by the name that the official kiln is owned by the royal government. What we can see now is the official kiln porcelain of the Southern Song Dynasty. Look at these kilns, which are exquisite in materials, neatly made, covered with fine lines, with purple-brown tires hidden on the glaze edge and black exposed tires at the tire feet, commonly known as "purple iron feet"; There is also the firing of these Ge kilns, which is endowed with "golden wire" and "lattice gold wire" because of the defects in the firing process. This Geyao is a masterpiece of Geyao.

It was not until the Yuan Dynasty that Jingdezhen in Jiangxi became the center of porcelain making in China, and Jingdezhen was also called the "porcelain capital".

The maturity and development of Jingdezhen's porcelain-making technology ended the tradition of taking celadon as the mainstream, and created the development road of colored glaze with blue and white as the mainstream.

The advantages of blue and white are strong coloring and bright hair color; Blue and white earth, simple but elegant and clear; Blue and white paintings are painted under glaze, protected by glaze and never fade.

The Qing Dynasty was the last peak of the development of ancient porcelain in China, especially in the period of Kang, Yong and Gan.

Overglaze color is divided into five colors, bucket color, pastel color and enamel color.

Kangxi's colored porcelain is the most prominent and has rich shapes. In addition to red, yellow and green, it also invented blue and black on the glaze. This colorful bird is facing the phoenix plate, with regular shape and vivid picture. It is really a colorful masterpiece.

Finally, there is an ancient porcelain workshop and a simulated display of porcelain kiln in ceramics museum.

Through the visit, we can have a general understanding of the manufacturing technology, kiln type and function of China ancient porcelain.