Wood-soil engineering can be divided into two different directions: road and bridge engineering and construction engineering. In the career, the positions in these two directions have both general unity and specific differences in details. Generally speaking, the main employment directions of civil engineering majors are as follows:
(A) the direction of engineering technology
1. Representative positions: builder, constructor, structural engineer, technical manager, project manager, etc.
2. Representative industries: construction enterprises, real estate development enterprises and road and bridge construction enterprises.
3. Employment prospects: Just as we see the high-rise buildings around us rising constantly and the wide and flat roads extending in all directions, the demand for engineering and technical talents in the Tu4 wood construction industry is also growing. In 2004, enterprises that entered various talent markets to recruit engineering and technical personnel involved 100 industries, among which the demand for talents in housing and civil engineering and construction industries has jumped to the top of talent markets in many cities. With the deepening of economic development, road network transformation and urban infrastructure construction, the demand for civil engineering technicians will continue to rise at present and in the future. Coupled with the upgrading of roads and bridges and urban infrastructure, as long as the talent market is not over-saturated, it can be said that the employment prospects of civil engineering technicians have been very good.
4. Typical career paths: builder/technician-engineer/foreman, bid leader-technical manager-project manager/chief engineer.
Annual salary reference: builder/technician:1.5,000 ~ 25,000 yuan; Head waiter: 25,000 ~ 40,000 yuan; Technical quality management manager: 45,000 ~ 70,000 yuan; Project manager: 50,000 ~ 6,543.8+10,000 yuan;
5. Expert's suggestion: With the continuous improvement of China's qualification certification system, engineers and technicians in the civil engineering industry not only need to be proficient in professional knowledge and technology, but also need to obtain necessary qualification certificates. Relevant professional qualifications of engineering and technical personnel mainly include national first-class and second-class registered architects, national registered civil engineers and national first-class and second-class registered structural engineers. It should be noted that these professional qualifications require a certain number of years of relevant work experience before they can apply. Therefore, graduates majoring in civil engineering should pay attention to the update of knowledge structure and apply for relevant professional qualifications as soon as possible even after they take up their jobs. College students who want to engage in engineering and technical work can choose construction site survey, construction materials, geotechnical engineering, subgrade, pavement, and construction and survey of small bridges and culverts in road and bridge sections during their internship.
(2) Design, planning and budget direction
1. Representative positions: project designer, structural auditor, urban planner, budgeter, budget engineer, etc.
2. Representative industries: engineering survey and design units, real estate development enterprises, functional departments of traffic or municipal engineering organs, engineering cost consulting institutions, etc.
3. Employment prospects: In recent years, the demand for engineering designers by various survey and design institutes has been increasing. As a new profession, urban planning needs more modern design and planning talents with the deepening of urban construction. With the rise of consulting industry, consulting service personnel in construction industry such as engineering budget and final accounts have also become new employment growth points in civil engineering industry.
4. Typical career path: budgeter-budget engineer-senior consultant.
Annual salary reference: budget officer:1.5,000 ~ 30,000 yuan; Budget engineer: 25,000 ~ 60,000 yuan; Urban planner: 40,000 ~ 70,000 yuan
Architect: 40,000 ~ 65,438+10,000 yuan; Chief architect: more than 250,000 yuan.
5. Expert's suggestion: This kind of position needs not only professional knowledge, but also enough overall situation and work experience. Generally speaking, his salary is in direct proportion to his work experience. Taking architects as an example, modern architecture also requires environmental protection and sustainable development, which requires architects to have a solid foundation and rich experience, be good at learning and experience in practice. At present, most architectural design talents in the market require more than 5 years of work experience, have the first-class registered architect qualification, and have served as designers of large-scale residential or architectural projects. This kind of post also needs to obtain the corresponding qualification certificate. For example, a builder needs to pass the professional qualification examination organized by the state to obtain the Certificate of Certified Architect before he can take up his post, and a budget engineer needs to obtain the qualification of certified cost engineer or budget engineer. In addition, to engage in this kind of occupation, we need to strengthen our self-cultivation, for example, we need to be familiar with computer operation and maintenance, skillfully use CAD to draw various engineering drawings, and use P3 to prepare construction and production plans. Some positions, such as architectural designers, need to have a deep understanding of anthropology, aesthetics, history, and the essence of architecture in different times and countries, and be able to master and forge their own design styles. All these need to accumulate their own cultural details from the student days. During the internship, try to choose some related units and positions, such as real estate appraisal, engineering budget, engineering drawing, etc.
(III) Direction of quality supervision and engineering supervision
1. Representative position: supervision engineer represents industries: construction, road and bridge supervision company, and * * engineering quality inspection and supervision department.
2. Employment prospect: Engineering supervision is a new profession in recent years. With the increasingly standardized quality supervision of buildings and road and bridge construction in China, the supervision industry has faced unprecedented development opportunities since its birth. With the improvement of the national engineering supervision system, the supervision industry has a broader development space.
3. Typical career path: supervisor-documenter-direct project leader-professional supervision engineer-chief supervision engineer.
Annual salary reference: site supervisor:1.8,000 ~ 25,000 yuan; Direct person in charge of the project: 25,000 ~ 40,000 yuan; Professional supervision engineer: 30,000 ~ 50,000 yuan; Chief supervision engineer: 40,000 ~ 80,000 yuan.
4. Expert advice: The supervision industry is a new industry, so it is also an industry closely integrated with the qualification system, and the promotion of positions is closely related to the acquisition of personal qualifications. Generally speaking, supervision needs to obtain a provincial supervision license, and the project leader needs to obtain a provincial supervision engineer or supervision license, with rich work experience and strong work ability. Professional supervision engineer shall obtain the qualification certificate of provincial supervision engineer, and the chief supervision engineer shall obtain the professional qualification certificate of national registered supervision engineer. Students majoring in wood and civil engineering want to enter this industry. During school, you can participate in the supervision training courses organized by the provincial highway system and building system, and obtain the supervision post certificate after passing the examination, and then obtain the corresponding qualification certificate with the increase of work experience. During the internship, you can choose a supervision company that is consistent with your own direction, such as road and bridge, building direction, etc. And engaged in on-site supervision, measurement and data management.
(4) Civil servants, teaching and scientific research direction
Representative positions: civil servants, teachers
Representative industries: transportation, municipal administration departments, universities, scientific research and design units.
Employment prospects: the reform of civil service system has opened the door for college graduates to work in * * organs. The rapid development of roads, bridges and construction industry has brought huge demand for talents, which has increased the demand for civil engineering teachers. However, it should be noted that the competition in these industries is generally fierce, requiring job seekers to have a higher professional level and comprehensive quality.
Annual salary reference: college teachers: 25,000 ~ 45,000 yuan; Teachers in secondary specialized schools:1.8,000 to 30,000 yuan; Ordinary civil servants: 20,000 ~ 35,000 yuan.
Experts suggest that if you want to engage in this kind of industry, on the one hand, you should learn professional courses well at school to make yourself have a higher professional level, on the other hand, you should pay special attention to the study of theoretical knowledge and the cultivation of personal comprehensive quality to make yourself have a higher level of Putonghua, foreign languages and computers and better adaptability. Second, the specific planning September is the season for freshmen to enter the university campus, and it is also a turning point for graduates to leave the campus and relocate. As a freshman, I walked into the university campus with excitement, joy, hope and some confusion. Entering the university campus, we are faced with friendly and similar classmates' faces and a strange and yearning living environment. There are happiness and loss: the university in front of us is like this! ! ! Small campus, everything is small: library, canteen, teaching building. But I have entered the university campus, and everything will start from here for four years of new study and life. So I want to realize my dream in a small campus through my own efforts.
When I entered the university, I thought about a question: "How will I spend my college life?" At the same time, more questions follow, "How do you arrange your spare time?" "How should I plan my professional study?"
People fall into a free life from the tension of high school, and it is easy to become lazy. Accustomed to high school life, classes, homework, exams and activities are arranged by teachers or class teachers. When we get to college, we are like wild horses that have loosened the reins, having fun to the fullest, but putting aside the most important study. Therefore, for us who have just entered the university, we must first set a good goal and think about the road after four years. How should I decide? University is a brand-new environment. College students who step into this environment are actually half social people. As freshmen, we should establish a brand-new consciousness: independence and plan our upcoming college life by ourselves.
Planning learning
Make clear what to do in four years and make a good plan.
When I first arrived at the university, the teacher said that I should grasp myself and integrate into the role as soon as possible when I entered the school. Remember to learn the basics well. Lay a good foundation for the future. Compared with high school and university study, it is more self-study, knowing clearly what you want to do, and then making relevant goals. As our students majoring in civil engineering, we should learn Mandarin well to learn computer knowledge, assist our own study and how to educate ourselves, and then get some relevant certificates to make full preparations for future employment.
Adjust psychology
You are no longer a top student. Everything starts from scratch.
First of all, we should look at ourselves correctly. Here, we all have the same foundation, no matter how excellent or backward you were in high school. . . We are all on the same level here, and everything has to start from scratch.
When you first arrive at the university, you should be familiar with the environment and adapt to university life. Some freshmen are not well prepared and their psychological problems in high school have not been adjusted in time, which leads to their inability to adapt to the new environment, poor interpersonal skills, excessive self-reliance and lack of self-confidence. After studying this semester, I understand that college and high school are under great pressure. Competition in study, heavy study tasks, nervous examination pressure and the gap between expectation and reality. However, due to cowardice and poor interpersonal relationship, I sometimes lose the opportunity to show myself. Doing something will make me feel annoyed and unwilling to study. . I want to go to college. I must overcome all these problems and prepare for setbacks. A teacher told us that it is very important to establish correct values, which can effectively improve the ability to resist setbacks. "If we can consciously establish scientific values, we can correctly understand and analyze setbacks and overcome them." At the same time, you can control your emotions more effectively and improve your ability to analyze and solve problems. We will make clear the direction of study, work and life, and we will be open-minded and full of vigor no matter what difficulties and setbacks we encounter.
Deal with relations
Enhance your self-attraction and let everyone affirm you.
Universities are places where groups live. Several people in the same dormitory have different lifestyles and growing environments. Therefore, we must learn to tolerate each other, integrate with each other, and constantly run in. There is no need to feel superior and arrogant just because you are a rich boy in a big city, so you will be rejected and isolated by others. On the contrary, there is no need to have a strong sense of inferiority because I come from a poor mountainous area and I am not as good as others in food and clothing. I don't think anyone wants to associate with someone who looks down on himself. I think everyone in the same group is equal to each other and should care and understand each other. However, in group life, especially in dormitory life, freshmen must master several principles of interpersonal communication. (1) Be honest with people and don't be too sophisticated.
(2) Keep your word and don't make promises easily.
(3) Keep a moderate distance and don't get too close.
(4) Self-respect and self-love, don't be keen on accepting gifts from others.
(5) Treat people as equals and don't be overbearing.
(6) Listen to different opinions with an open mind and don't be a good teacher.
(7) start well and end well, and never change your mind.
(8) Don't be arrogant, don't be have it both ways.
(9) Be tolerant of others and don't be harsh on others.
I will ask myself to treat the interpersonal relationship around me with the above conditions.
Exercise courage
Actively participate in community activities and expand their abilities.
When we are freshmen, we should try our best to recruit new students from student unions and interested clubs. Even if we are not chosen, we will exercise our courage in the election. If you stick to your post successfully, you will realize that these jobs can really exercise people. Because at work, we will learn how to treat people and how to deal with local legal events. Through these practices, we will be one step ahead of others. There are different occupations and specialties, and we all have our own specialties. What should I learn while learning this major well? What aspects of your knowledge need to be supplemented and improved? We should all plan ahead. In addition to adapting to college life as soon as possible, freshmen should also pay attention to cultivating their independent consciousness and ability. It is best to actively participate in various extracurricular activities, broaden your horizons and explore your hobbies. Exercise yourself in many ways. As soon as you enter school, you must meet with the student union and various societies to recruit new students. We should make active efforts to get ourselves out of the first step of getting along with others. If you do these jobs, you can easily get in touch with others and improve your basic quality. And in doing related work, you can find your other abilities. I am still a freshman. In my sophomore year, I will try part-time jobs and social practice activities, and selectively enrich myself with the knowledge of other majors. Any part-time job can improve your professional quality. And some part-time jobs or internships corresponding to their majors can improve their professional skills and win favorable weights in future employment.
1。 Goal of the first year: get a preliminary understanding of occupation and improve interpersonal skills. The main contents are:
Communicate with brothers and sisters and ask about the employment situation;
Participate in school activities to improve communication skills;
Learn computer knowledge to assist your study.
2。 Grade two goal: improve basic quality. The main contents are:
By participating in organizations such as student unions or societies, you can exercise your various abilities and test your knowledge and skills.
I mainly try part-time jobs and social practice activities, and I am persistent;
Improve their sense of responsibility, initiative and frustration;
Oral English ability is enhanced, and computer application ability is enhanced.
3。 Junior three goals: improve job hunting skills and collect company information. The main contents are:
Write professional academic articles and put forward your own opinions;
Participate in summer jobs related to majors and exchange job hunting experience with classmates;
Learn to write resumes and cover letters;
Understand the channels of collecting work information and try actively.
4。 Fourth grade goal: job hunting, successful employment. The main contents are:
Make a summary of the preparations for the first three years.
Then, after graduation, I began to apply for jobs, actively participated in recruitment activities, and tested my accumulation and preparation in practice. Preview or mock interview; Participate in interviews, etc.
Actively use the conditions provided by the school, understand the information provided by the employment guidance center, and strengthen job hunting skills.
Conduct mock interviews and other training, and practice as much as possible with full preparation. For a freshman who has just entered the university and is still looking at the society, the future may not be so clear, but if he has a clear goal and strives for it, then the so-called vague concept of "career planning" has actually made a good start.