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Butyl lithium reacts with ether reagent
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2022- 12- 10 exceeded 126, and the user adopted the answer of TA.
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Butyl lithium reacts with ether reagent. When the NaOH solution is small, the chemical equation AlCl3+3NaOH = 3NaCl+Al (OH) 3↓; leave
Sub-equation: Al3+ +3OH-=Al(OH)3↓ When the NaOH solution is excessive, the chemical equation is AlCl3+3NaOH = 3NaCl+Al (OH) 3 ↓; al(OH)3+NaOH = NAA lo 2+2H2O； Total reaction equation: AlCl3+4 NaOH = 3 NaCl+NAALO2+2H2O; Ionic equation: Al3++4OH-=AlO2-+2H2O. Sub-equation: Al3+ +3OH-=Al(OH)3↓ When the NaOH solution is excessive, the chemical equation is AlCl3+3NaOH = 3NaCl+Al (OH) 3 ↓; al(OH)3+NaOH = NAA lo 2+2H2O； Total reaction equation: AlCl3+4 NaOH = 3 NaCl+NAALO2+2H2O; Ionic equation: Al3++4OH-=AlO2-+2H2O.
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Help: Excuse me, what can butyl lithium use as solvent besides ether?
In addition to ether, butyl lithium can also be used to initiate anionic polymerization of conjugated dienes. Through living polymerization, linear, star-shaped, block-grafted and telechelic polymers with specific structures can be synthesized, and can also be used to prepare low cis polybutadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber, thermoplastic rubber, liquid rubber, thermosetting resin and coatings. 1, specifications The commercially available butyl lithium is generally in the state of solution, with the concentration ranging from 0.8 to 2.5m. The solvent is generally a stable substance such as hexane, petroleum ether, benzene or toluene (xylene). 2. Effective concentration in exponential range: 0.8-2.5M (mol/L) Total alkali concentration-impurity alkali concentration * * * Valent chlorine: less than 0. 1%3. Synthesis method Under the protection of argon, add 3L n-hexane (or 60-90 petroleum ether) into a 5000ml three-necked bottle and mix 140g (0. Tear the lithium metal sheet into small pieces quickly, put it into a 5000ml three-necked bottle, put it into mechanical stirring, cool it to about 0 degree in an ice salt bath (be careful not to let the temperature be too low, otherwise it will start slowly), drop 925g( 10mol) of chlorobutane, and control the temperature below 15 degree (note that the reaction is purple-gray after initiation, at the beginning, Stir the ice salt bath under 65438 05℃ for 2 hours, then remove the ice salt bath, stir at room temperature for 65438 0 hours, then replace the reflux device, gradually raise the temperature and reflux for 4-5 hours, cool to room temperature, and let stand overnight. The supernatant is butyl lithium solution, which is pressed into a storage bottle with argon gas. Add 2L solvent to the residue, stir and let stand overnight. The supernatant is merged into butyl lithium solution for later use. 4. Detection principle (1) The total alkali n-butyl lithium is hydrolyzed to generate lithium hydroxide, and other alkaline impurities such as lithium butoxide are also hydrolyzed to generate lithium hydroxide. The total lithium concentration (also called total alkali concentration) expressed by the mass percentage of butyl lithium is obtained by titration with hydrochloric acid standard solution. (2) The mixed alkali n-butyl lithium reacts with benzyl chloride (benzyl chloride) to generate neutral lithium chloride, while the alkaline impurities that do not react with benzyl chloride are hydrolyzed to generate lithium hydroxide, which is titrated with hydrochloric acid standard solution to obtain the mixed alkali concentration expressed by the mass percentage of butyl lithium. The difference between them is the concentration of active butyl lithium, and the activity of butyl lithium is divided by the total lithium concentration. (3) After the n-butyl lithium chloride solution with valence of * * is hydrolyzed, chlorobutane remains in the organic phase. According to the different boiling points of substances in the organic phase, it can be determined by gas chromatograph, and the content of chlorobutane can be converted into chlorine with valence of * * *. 5. Safety of transportation and packaging: Butyl lithium reacts exothermically when it meets water and oxygen, and high-concentration (1.0M or more) butyl lithium solution burns quickly when it meets humid air. The solvent in the packaging container is generally flammable and explosive liquid with low boiling point. Once heated and expanded, it will easily lead to explosion. (1) Packaged transport vehicles must have [2-3] transport license for hazardous chemicals, and transport and escort personnel must be trained in relevant knowledge of this product and can participate in transportation only after passing the examination. Transport vehicles must prepare dry powder fire extinguishers, dry asbestos cloth, some dry sand, etc. And cover the carport or poncho to prevent them from encountering water. Ships must be marked with alkyl lithium, UN2445, and all ships belong to the danger level of 4.2(4.3), and must be marked with spontaneous combustion (spontaneous combustion) and wet danger (wet). Do not use mail, parcels or air freight. Maritime Class 4.2 (IMDG) and Land Railway Class 4.2.3la (RID/ADR) must be marked in Europe: F is highly flammable, C corrodes N and is harmful to the environment, and R&: S is relatively harmful to health by inhalation, oral administration or skin absorption. Strong irritation to eyes, skin, mucous membrane and upper respiratory tract. Can cause chemical burns. After inhalation, it can lead to death due to inflammation, spasm, edema, chemical pneumonia and pulmonary edema of larynx and bronchus. Poisoning is characterized by burning sensation, cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, laryngitis, headache, nausea and vomiting, which can cause nervous system disorder.
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Answer on 2013-11-28.
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