According to the survey, there are nearly 40 training schools for domestic service talents in the province. On the whole, the number of schools that train domestic professionals in the province is small, and it is still in its infancy.
Zhejiang Shu Ren University is a pioneer in training domestic talents. Home economics was founded in 1994, and home economics research center was founded in 200 1, which became a key discipline in 2006. 20 12 domestic service industry has become an important direction of the provincial key research base-modern service industry research center. Over the past 20 years, a number of domestic service management professionals have been trained for the society. At the same time, a lot of scientific research and social services have been carried out around the development of domestic industry and the adaptation of talent training, especially in the fields of early cultivation, service rules research and standardization construction of domestic industry in our province.
From June 2065438 to June 2003, with the strong support of the Provincial Department of Education, Haining Health School cooperated with Quzhou Vocational and Technical College to actively practice the "five-year consistent system" talent training model for the aged. Five-year (vocational) students 100 are recruited for the direction of providing for the aged and infants, and the "2+3 model" is adopted, relying on the teaching resources and scientific research level of vocational colleges to jointly cultivate high-quality skilled domestic service talents such as providing for the aged at the specialist level.
Some cities have made their own way. For example, Wenzhou has established a domestic vocational education alliance composed of three universities, three secondary vocational schools and three enterprises. In the first half of 20 13, students majoring in secondary vocational nursing, preschool education (nursing direction), community nursing and junior college nursing have been enrolled. Pingyang Vocational Secondary School, in particular, based on regional needs, gives full play to its own advantages, actively develops domestic service personnel training, and applies for provincial domestic and community service training bases. Using the concept of "everyone is responsible", the construction of professional groups has been carried out in the fields of early education and conservation, home appliance maintenance, property management, community service, care workers and so on. Lishui City set up the major of domestic service in Suichang Vocational Secondary School, and trained professionals in maintenance electrician, cooking and nursing in other vocational schools. Every year, thousands of students enter school and graduate.
April 20 13, "Zhejiang Domestic Service Talents Training Alliance" came to the fore. The alliance was established under the concern of the provincial party committee and government and the direct leadership of the provincial education department. The governing unit is a collection of schools, training institutions, domestic enterprises, industry associations, community centers, hospitals and various service organizations. The central work of the alliance is the cultivation and training of domestic service talents. Since the establishment of the Alliance, a lot of work has been done in the construction of institutions and mechanisms, personnel training and training, scientific research and social services. Training at all levels will be carried out in the fields of domestic management, aged care, maternal and child care, and housework assistant. The member units of the alliance vigorously carry out the reform of the training mode of domestic service talents. For example, Zhejiang Shu Ren University, in view of the urgent needs of the transformation and upgrading of domestic enterprises, recruits undergraduate majors in domestic management under the framework of enterprise management discipline; Ningbo Health Vocational and Technical College actively explores cooperation with industries and enterprises to carry out "order-based" talent training; The newly established Third Generation Home Economics College of Hangzhou Normal University will adopt the talent training mode of "dual system (alternation of work and study)+dual certificate system (education plus skills)". Led by Zhejiang Shu Ren University, the Alliance will work with the Provincial Education Examinations Institute to explore the "certificate+course" education model, actively prepare for the opening of the self-study examination for higher education in domestic economics, and carry out profound reform and innovation in the cultivation of domestic talents.
The second way: branding of low-end talents
Faced with the blow of being laid off, Qian Yajun, a native of Shi Huang Zhen Village in Shengzhou City, was not defeated. After professional training, she re-entered the road of re-employment, and now she has become a "big star" in the new moon world. On June 20 13, Qian yajun and 50 sisters walked into the free monthly training class of Shengzhou community college. After one and a half months' training, Qian Yajun successfully obtained the qualification certificate as a baby nurse. On the day when the certificate was issued, many employers and professional organizations went to the site to recruit, and Qian Yajun got her first job as a new moon. A month later, she got a reward of 6800 yuan. Through word of mouth from the employer, Qian Yajun is now well-known in the local area, and his work is scheduled for May this year.
According to the teacher of the college, since the "Lunar New Year" major was opened in April last year, each training course has been "paid by the government and free of charge", and the study time is 40 days. All participants in the training are rural women aged 35-50. Up to now, more than 400 people have obtained the national vocational qualification certificate of baby nurses through training, and become the "new moon" with certificates.
Wang Jianping, head of Shengzhou Community College, took out the registered trademark of "Yue Xiang Sao" and told reporters that this service trademark is for graduates to go to the market and is a public brand of students. Due to the enthusiasm and solid technology of this rigorously trained "Moon Fragrant Sister", it has been passed down from word of mouth among employers inside and outside the city, and the word of mouth is getting better and better.
Hangzhou Women's Xili Home Economics Group adopts modern circulation modes such as chain operation and regional chain operation modes such as inter-provincial and inter-city operation, and becomes the first practitioner of standardization, standardization and branding of home economics service industry. Guo, the general manager, told the reporter that the enterprise * * * has 3,000 employees, implements the employee system, and provides all employees with "five insurances and one gold" and unified training, which is among the best in domestic enterprises.
It is found that the income of women employed after training is 20%~50% higher than that of the same industry, and all training schools are moving towards "exporting one person and bringing a rich family; Organize a group of people to drive a village forward.
According to statistics, there are 830 various training institutions in * * * province, which have trained 6,543,800 people in the past three years, and 77,000 people have obtained professional qualifications after training, with an average annual income of 3,654,380+0,600 yuan after training. At present, the cultivation of domestic talents in the province mainly relies on vocational schools, community schools, township (street) schools and domestic enterprises. The training targets are mainly laid-off workers, unemployed people, migrant workers and other social personnel; Training methods are generally taught face to face by teachers, with practical guidance for a certain period of time; The training period is mostly short-term, ranging from one week to about 20 days, rarely exceeding one month.
Government attaches importance to: vigorously promoting domestic projects
The "Implementation Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Family Service Industry" issued by the People's Government of Zhejiang Province clearly stated: "By 20 15 years, a multi-level and multi-form family service market and operating institutions will basically be formed; The scale of employment has been continuously expanded, the comprehensive quality of employees has been continuously improved, and the rights and interests of enterprises, families and employees have been effectively safeguarded. By 2020, a relatively complete family service system covering the whole province and benefiting the whole people will be formed, and the overall development level will meet the requirements of building a well-off society in an all-round way. "
Judging from the present situation of the cultivation of domestic service talents in the province, all localities and cities attach great importance to it, combine the existing local advantages, unify leadership, and steadily promote all work. For example, Huzhou Education Bureau held a special meeting to establish a trinity working mechanism of "municipal bureau-county-school", and solidly promoted the training of domestic talents by setting up relevant contacts, establishing a quarterly reporting system, and strengthening feedback and typical publicity. Director Ma of the Vocational Education Department of Huzhou Education Bureau said: "We pay attention to the practice of landing and sum up the' six major training models'." That is, through inter-school cooperation, carry out online training; Through the joint training of vocational schools and adult schools, resources are shared and their advantages are complementary; Through the alliance between schools and industries, directional training; Through the combination of schools, streets and village committees, the training progress has been accelerated by using the conditions and resources of both sides; Through the combination of schools and social training institutions, we have learned new methods and opened up new ideas for running schools. Through the combination of schools and welfare institutions such as nursing homes and nurseries, on-the-job skills training has been strengthened and vocational skills have been improved.
Education departments at all levels in Jiaxing have strengthened ties with relevant departments and made every effort to promote the cultivation of domestic service talents. For example, strengthen cooperation with the human and social departments, implement targeted training programs for family service practitioners such as domestic servants, elderly caregivers, and patient caregivers, and simultaneously implement skill appraisal or special ability assessment; Strengthen the contact with the civil affairs department, actively promote the education and training of nursing staff for the aged, and cooperate with the completion of the three-year nursing training task; Close contact with the agricultural sector, and incorporate the on-the-job training of domestic service personnel carried out by vocational schools and township schools into the "Quality Training Project for Ten Million Rural Labors".
On the basis of cooperation with commerce, finance, Federation of Trade Unions and other departments, Jinhua Education Bureau actively contacted women's federations to participate in this work, played the role of a link between Jinhua Women's Federation and women's federations in towns and communities, joined workers' schools to mobilize students from various communities and towns, and organized rural women and landless farmers to participate in domestic training and engage in domestic services, which not only solved their employment problems, but also solved the problem of recruitment difficulties for domestic enterprises. In order to facilitate students' study, workers' schools set up training courses nearby in counties and urban areas, contacted employment units while training, invited employers to take exams, and selected students on the basis of merit, which increased students' learning motivation. After the training, the students are employed by the employer.
Zhoushan will carry out the training of domestic service talents, which will be included in the assessment of county education target responsibility system and the annual assessment of schools directly under it, so as to promote the relevant schools in the county to actively carry out the training of domestic service talents.
Quzhou Education Bureau, Municipal Agricultural Office, Municipal Labor Bureau and Municipal Women's Federation jointly issued the "Administrative Measures for the Training of Domestic Servants in Quzhou City", which further refined the division of responsibilities and operational procedures of various departments and provided a guarantee for the effective maintenance and orderly promotion of Quzhou nanny brand.
Change the concept: let domestic workers be respected
Aunt Zhang, a 48-year-old laid-off worker, worked as a part-time nanny for some time. Later, when relatives and friends found out, her eyes changed. Afraid of being looked down upon, Aunt Zhang chose to leave. Indeed, under the influence of traditional concepts such as "serving people" and "being inferior", domestic service has not been generally recognized by the whole society, some domestic service personnel have not been respected by customers, and some workers are unwilling to engage in domestic work.
In essence, as a new industry, domestic service industry not only provides employment opportunities and platforms for laid-off workers and migrant workers, but also provides a place for entrepreneurs. Anyone who is interested in the domestic service industry can make a big difference.
Therefore, relevant leaders and experts in the industry believe that it is necessary to guide and change ideas, raise awareness and optimize the market environment of domestic service industry; Build a domestic talent vocational training system and strengthen the construction of professional courses and teachers; Improve the vocational qualification system and strengthen the construction of supervision and management mechanism. It is necessary to guide the society to establish a tolerant and peaceful career evaluation system, enhance the sense of identity with employees and enhance their social status.
"A few decades ago, the housekeeper of a large family was equivalent to a professional manager, respected, and a class with a high social status. If the society can change its concept and the practitioners can be specialized, domestic workers will no longer be associated with low level and low quality. Making domestic service a highly respected profession can attract more outstanding young people to enrich the domestic talent team. " Xu said. Indeed, only by establishing employees' correct concept of employment and morality and enhancing their sense of professional belonging can we attract more outstanding talents to engage in domestic service industry. Wang Jianping said: "Our school gives students 120 class hours of free training, lays a good professional foundation, guides employees to build up self-confidence, and is modest in the face of difficult customers." It is also very important for domestic enterprises and customers to treat employees correctly, respect their labor achievements, promote the establishment of harmonious labor relations and employment relations and optimize the market environment of domestic service industry.
Jia Rangcheng, vice president of Ningbo Health Vocational and Technical College, said that people should realize that the domestic industry is a professional type, not a low-level job. He opened a training plan for domestic service professionals at school, which stated that graduates mainly engaged in front-line management work in large domestic service companies and elderly service institutions sponsored by various levels. The demand for talents is high, and the core courses are carefully designed, including health humanities, family nursing, family management practice, social psychology, psychological counseling and treatment.
It is necessary to strengthen the construction of professional courses and formulate corresponding curriculum teaching standards. In the design of professional courses, compulsory courses and elective courses in many directions have been set up for domestic students, forming a "multi-functional" vocational skills curriculum system. Wang Qunlong is a teacher in the Scientific Research Department of Zhejiang Shu Ren University. He graduated from the Department of Home Economics, founded his own home economics company and obtained a master's degree in sociology and home economics. In fact, he loves home economics very much. He hopes to solve the problem of professional title evaluation of home economics teachers as much as possible, improve the overall quality of teachers, build a team of full-time and part-time teachers with practical experience and practical guidance ability, and effectively ensure the training quality of home economics service talents.
"Market chaos is related to low entry barriers. The government should introduce policies to strengthen the supervision and inspection of the employment and training of domestic service personnel, investigate and deal with the irregular employment behavior of enterprises, and further standardize the employment order. Engaged in domestic work must have a qualification certificate. Those who have not obtained the corresponding vocational qualification certificate and are employed shall attend the training within a time limit and obtain the vocational qualification grade certificate to ensure the quality of domestic workers. Without this requirement, it is empty talk to improve the quality of domestic workers and domestic enterprises. " Guo said that it is necessary to actively establish a professional qualification system for domestic workers, so that the wages of employees can be in line with star qualifications. At present, the professional qualification system of domestic servants is only designed to the level of "domestic workers", but not to the level of "domestic workers", which obviously does not meet the actual needs. At present, people expect to design the "Zhejiang Home Economics Management Qualification Examination" through the "Home Economics and Community" self-study examination in Zhejiang Province, open up the channel of "home economics teachers", attract middle and senior skilled talents with certain academic qualifications and professional expertise to engage in high-end home economics services, home economics enterprise management, home economics service training and other work, and ensure the echelon of home economics talents.