Generally speaking, teaching children to learn pinyin can be divided into five stages.
First, rhyme the initials.
The purpose of this stage is to teach children to quickly and correctly propose 20 initials according to their childbearing age. It would be better if we could make up children's songs to give lectures.
When teaching initials, 20 initials are divided into 3 groups:
The first group: b p m f d t n l
the second group
Group 3: z c s y w r
Methods of teaching children to recite initials;
Parents: "Today we are going to learn eight pinyin letters. Repeat after me the first four: "B, P, M, F"
Children: "b. p. m. f" ...
After reading aloud for three or four times, his parents asked him to read it again. You can teach the next group of initials.
The method is as above. After the child learns to pronounce these eight initials, parents should let him say what he has just learned and read them together.
When the baby can read "B P M F D T N L" smoothly, these eight initials can be counted as finished teaching. However, in the next "teaching new lessons", parents should master a principle-review the old and learn the new. Until the child can recite the above 20 initials in turn quickly and correctly.
Teach you a trick: go backwards.
The purpose of letting children recite pinyin backwards is to enhance their memory effect of pinyin letters. If children can successfully complete the above tasks, they can enter the second stage of teaching.
Second, the initial identification and writing stage.
The purpose of this stage is to teach children to know and write 20 initials.
Teaching methods are as follows:
Parent (teacher): "We can read 20 phonetic symbols, but what are they like?" ? Today we will learn about them.
B, P, M, F, which do you prefer? "
Children: "P." Learn which one you like. Here is an example of "P.". )
Parents: "Let's see what' P' looks like?"
Child: "It's like an upside-down' 9', like a small flag." ...
Let the children tell what Pinyin looks like, so as to deepen their impression of Pinyin letters and strengthen the memory effect. Be sure to let your child tell you what he looks like. If children really can't speak, they can be inspired by their parents.
Parents: "I'll write it again on the blackboard. See how I write it. Then you reach out and write in the air with my smile. "
The child finished writing with his fingers.
Parents: "Pick up the pen and write on the paper twice."
Children write on paper.
Parents should pay attention to their children's writing. If they are wrong, they should correct them in time. After the child finishes writing, parents should ask the child to repeat it several times, and then continue to teach the following pinyin letters after deepening his memory.
If the child can't remember how to write a pinyin letter, parents can prompt: but it's best for the child to figure it out by himself. For example, if a child can't remember "B", parents can suggest that "B" is the third phonetic alphabet to learn. Didn't you say it looked like a "6"? "
Other letters are taught in this way. Teach three every day, or teach three new ones every other day, so it takes about half a month to finish six times. Some children learn faster, and parents can teach more a day, but it depends on the child's personal situation. It is best to teach a new one after the child has mastered the pinyin spelling he has just taught.
Third, the study of single vowels.
The task of this stage is to teach children to write the six vowels A, O, E, I, U and U.
Teaching methods, such as the teaching of initials:
The first step is to learn to recite A, O, E, I, U, U, and then recognize and write.
It usually takes two or three days to master. After learning the single rhyme, review it in two or three days, and then carry out the fourth stage of teaching.
Fourth, diphthongs's research.
The purpose of teaching at this stage is to teach children to read and write ai, ei, ao, ua, uo, ia, ie, ao, üe, an, en, in 12 diphthongs.
12 vowels are divided into 4 groups:
The first group: ai, ao, ua
Group 2: uo, üe, ei.
Group 3: ia, ie, ou
Group 4: An, En and Zhong.
Diphthongs's teaching methods are as follows:
Step 1: Ask the children to read diphthongs's pronunciation in two batches and memorize it.
Parent (teacher): "There are six second interviews today. Read the first three after me: "Aio ua. "
Child: "Aiao ua." Let the children read after it three times.
Parents: "Read these three diphthongs."
Child: "Aiao ua."
Parents: "Read it twice."
Child: "Aiao UA; Aiao ua. "
Parents: "Next, we will learn three more diphthongs. Repeat after me "uo ǖe ei"
Child: "uo üe ei."
Let the children read it three times, and then let the children read it quickly twice.
Parents: "Read these six diphthongs twice."
Child: "Love Austria ua, uoüe ei；; ai ao ua，uo üe ei。”
After teaching these six diphthongs, you should hurry to review. On the third day, if children can pronounce, parents can teach them in the same way: "ia ie ou, an en in".
After the child can send out the 12 diphthongs quickly and correctly, the following teaching is carried out:
Parents: "Remember the single vowel we learned? Read it again. "
Child: "a o e i u ü."
Parents: "Write it down."
Parents write on the blackboard and children write on paper.
Parents: "How do we send diphthongs first?"
Child: "Ai."
Parents: "Let's see how ai is written?"
Writing on the blackboard: ai.
Parents: "I can't see that' AI' is a combination of' A' and' I', and the pronunciation of' AI' is also spelled out by' A' and' I'.
Children: "aaaaa"
Parents: "Think about it, do you know which word is pronounced the same as' AI'?"
Children must be made to understand that "ai" is the spelling of "A" and "I", which has two advantages.
Children can quickly remember the image of diphthongs. Our experiment shows that compared with other teaching methods, children can master the results about three times faster. That is, the general teaching method takes children about one month to master the above 12 diphthongs, while the "patchwork" teaching method takes about 10 days.
Let children master and understand the skills and methods of piecing together as soon as possible. This will greatly help them to spell with initials and finals in the future. We found that in the spelling learning after primary school, the children taught by this method made fewer mistakes than the untrained children. They will soon master the skills of spelling with initials and finals and spell out the pronunciation of Chinese characters accurately.
After learning "ai", use the same method to teach children to learn the remaining pinyin such as "AO" and "UA".
V. Spelling training
Phonetic initials and vowels are the things learned in primary school Chinese class, but teaching them in advance before entering school has two advantages. First, it can help children to consolidate the memory of pinyin letters, and second, they have a certain impression of spelling before going to school, which is easier to learn after entering school.
Teach children how to spell;
First of all, parents can teach their children that all words are pronounced with initials and finals. Parents can give a few examples. Such as b a ba (dad).
Then let the children find out which one of "M", "P", "F" and "Q" spells "Mom" with "A". At this time, parents should pay attention to their children's spelling and correct their mistakes as soon as possible.
Parents use the above methods to teach their children simple spelling, which is not difficult and easy for children to accept. When children have mastered a certain number of words and phrases, they might as well learn simple spelling, which is of great benefit to their future study.