People can be cast, gold can be melted, and there is little profit and little wind.

Many talents boast that bears and seals are born, and men strive to be men!

-Song of Changsha No.1 Normal School

Today's responsibility lies not with others, but with my youth.

Teenagers' wisdom makes the country wise, teenagers' wealth makes the country rich, and teenagers' strength makes the country strong;

Juvenile independence means national independence, juvenile freedom means national freedom, and juvenile progress means national progress;

Teenagers are superior to Europe, countries are superior to Europe, teenagers are superior to the earth and countries are superior to the earth.

The red sun was born and the road was bright; The river flows downstream into Wang Yang. It dived into the deep water of the dragon, and its scales danced.

The milk tiger roared at the valley, and the beasts were shocked; The falcon tried its wings and the dust was sucked up. Strange flowers and strange grass were born, and the emperor was embarrassed;

The generals will make a fuss, and they will do their best; The sky is pale and the ground is yellow;

Even if there were years, there were eight famines; The future is like the sea, and there is plenty of time.

Beautiful, I am a young China person, and I am not old;

Zhuang Zi, I am a teenager in China, and I have no borders with China!

-from Liang Qichao's young chinese.

On the first night of entering the first normal school, President Kong Zhaoshou visited the students in the dormitory.

Kong Zhaoshou: Classmates, have you thought it over? Why do you want to study in a normal school? Today, you walk into the gate of a normal school and learn the methods of education. In the future, we will devote ourselves to the national education of the Republic of China. If you don't solve the problem of why you study, you will certainly learn without knowing its purpose and thinking without knowing its meaning. Finally, I don't know where my five years of great youth and efforts have gone. ..... As we all know, our teacher is called the Millennium University. Mr. Zhang Nanxuan, a Southern Song Neo-Confucianist, founded Chengnan Academy here for more than 800 years. Despite natural and man-made disasters, despite the change of dynasties and emperors, it has been hanging to this day. Such as Sun, He, Zeng Guofan, and others, such as Tan Sitong and Huang Xing, all generations of talented people have become an important branch of Huxiang School. Why? I think it can be summed up in one sentence: apply what you have learned. What is the way to govern the country? Committed to the country and society, this is the way to govern the country. So what is utility? Apply what you have learned. Practically speaking, that is to say, we don't study for the sake of learning. The purpose and motivation of our study is to acquire knowledge in order to change our country and society. We Hunan people have always studied for two words: doing things. Do what? Do something beneficial to the country and the people.

Mao: So, headmaster, what's the matter? Is it useful to the country and the people?

Kong: Chaos should be leveled with martial arts, and governance should be cultivated with culture. In today's theory, I think the most important thing is to push education. China has been weak for a hundred years precisely because the wisdom of the people has not been developed. Only by vigorously educating can we acquire new knowledge and culture. Sweep away the ignorance and backwardness of the whole nation. Educate everyone, and everyone will be fine. If everyone is independent, society will be fine. With the progress of society, talents will flourish. When talents come out, the country will inevitably expand. It can be inferred that there is something bigger than education in China today. If you want to save the country and strengthen the species, what means can be stronger than education? Therefore, if you study normal schools and education, one day you can learn from them, use what I have learned, do your best to enlighten the people's wisdom and revitalize the nation. Isn't this the best way for you to apply what you have learned?

4. Yang Changji: Today is my first lesson. Through self-reflection, to achieve the perfect realm of body and mind

What is self-cultivation, self-cultivation of one's own moral sentiments, and persistent practice are called self-cultivation. The ancients said: cultivate one's morality and govern the country. In other words, self-cultivation is the first threshold for a person, a scholar and a person who wants to be a gentleman. You can't be a pure person, a noble person and a person with perfect spirit if your morality is not cultivated, your sentiment is not cultivated and your selfish desires are not restrained. Then the rule of the family and the world will be flat, and these actions will be impossible. You will ask, what is the first priority of self-cultivation? Two words: determination. Confucius said: the three armed forces can win the handsome, but ordinary people can't win the ambition. Without ambition, there is no goal. Without goals, self-cultivation becomes passive water. Therefore, anyone who practices himself must first make up his mind. If you aim high, your heart will be pure. ..... Autistic Taoyuan is called Taigu, and it will plant a big wooden pillar. Yang Yisheng has no desire to be an official, to make a fortune, to be hidden, and to stay out of the world. I hope I can get one or two talents among the princes. Full of towering trees. For China, which has been weak for a hundred years, it has propped up a sky of self-reliance and self-improvement. Then my wish is enough.

The first time I went to Yang Changji's house, Teacher Yang gave him a "small stove".

Mao: Studying energy storage?

Yang: Yes! Learning to store energy is your first lesson today. It is also my teacher's learning goal for you as an apprentice. Runzhi, what is the purpose of a young man entering school? It is to learn knowledge and reserve ability. Confucius said: quality is better than literature, and literature is better than quality and history. In other words, a person with strong ability and poor knowledge will not restrain himself. Its own ability has become a crazy destructive force. On the contrary, if we only pay attention to book learning and lack the cultivation of practical ability, then knowledge will become dead knowledge and knowledge will become pseudo-knowledge. He'll die, boring and useless. Therefore, I send you four words today, just to make you firmly remember that when learning and storing energy, you must develop in a balanced way. These are also two indispensable aspects of your study.

Mao: What knowledge should I learn first and what ability should I reserve first?

Yang: What kind of knowledge? What kind of ability? Runzhi, your idea is wrong in the first place Who is Mao Runzhi today? First-year students in normal schools. You like philosophy and ethics, and you care about current events and society. That's interest and talent, but at the same time I'm worried that you've gone into another misunderstanding, that is, your knowledge and ability are too narrow. Runzhi, your road to study has just begun. How much knowledge and ability you have mastered, prematurely limiting your learning scope and energy storage instead of studying extensively, and dabbling in many aspects will do you great harm in the future. So after you learn to store energy, you should add four words: learn first, then learn deeply.

Mao: I see, only by learning from others can we prove each other, and complacency will appear rough and shallow. Right? Teacher.

Yang: You can think so, that's right.

Yang: ... Yes, perseverance. A strong man is like a rock, although the years alternate, a ninja is like an animal trainer, although it is indestructible due to hardships. Hard-working ninjas combine hardness with softness and persevere.

6. Class debate

In Mr. Xu Teli's class, xu teacher asked two students with opposite views to debate, one was Liu Junqing and the other was Cai Hesen:

Cai: I disagree. So are teachers, missionaries and educators. If teachers are bent on pursuing better treatment and higher status, what is the mentality of cultivating students and teaching with such a mentality? How can they teach students who are willing to contribute themselves to society and the public?

Liu: No one can say for sure. If you have to feel inferior and eat chalk dust all your life, you Cai Hesen may not want to.

Cai: I never feel inferior when eating chalk dust. On the contrary, I firmly believe that teaching is one of the noblest occupations in the world.

Liu: I'm not saying that I'm not noble, but others say that teachers are poor teachers. What's the use of feeling noble?

Cai: The reason why people are human is precisely because they have ideals and beliefs. Understand the meaning of sublimity and purity. If there are only interests and selfish desires in your eyes, what is the difference between that person and an animal that can only satisfy material desires? Lin Wenzhong has a public opinion, and the wall is down, and everyone is upright. If I believe in the sublime, the sublime is with me. However, people's words are warm and cold, and material desires gain and loss. Compared with them, they are all dwarfed. (Applause)

7. Teacher Kong found that some students wasted food, so he called a school meeting to educate the students.

Principal Kong: When I was a child, my family was very poor. Can't afford to eat good things. Once during the Spring Festival, my mother borrowed half a bag of corn, ground it into flour and steamed a pot of steamed corn. I was so hungry that I took a piece and ate it. As a result, I burned my mouth and my wowotou fell to the ground. My mother picked up the half of the corn, ate the dirty half and left the clean half to me. It smells good. Seeing this half steamed bread today reminds me of the half steamed bread when I was a child. It's really delicious. Students, students of the First Normal University, it is hard to get a porridge and a meal! How frugal your parents are at home and how much they cherish food and things. Do you remember your old father in the field, braving the scorching sun in the dog days, cutting rice in the field all day? Do you still remember that your mother often put half the rice in the bowl into your bowl and said she was full after eating half?

Liu Junqing, please come out. There is a teacher, and I want to introduce him to you again, and to all our classmates again. That's Mr. Xu Teli. You call him Xu Dahua. I know, not only you, but also many students call him that behind his back. Xu shouted at the flowers. Yes, our xu teacher really looks like a beggar. Wearing coarse clothes and sandals. Can't afford to sit in a sedan chair or eat in a student canteen. Even reluctant to buy an oil-paper umbrella. Wear a hemp fiber when it rains. Very shabby. Among the teachers in Changsha, there is no one so shabby. But this is Xu, yelling at the flowers. In the provincial council, 200 yuan is paid a monthly salary for the post of deputy speaker only. Needless to say, he is also the principal of Changsha Normal School, and holds courses in three schools. His income, as a full-time teacher in Shacheng, is unparalleled. So where did his money go? If you are free, you might as well go to xu teacher's hometown, Changsha County. You will see a primary school, a Wu Mei primary school that enrolls children from poor farmers for free, where students don't need money to study, not a penny. And our xu teacher, Xu Houhua, left their families in the countryside to farm. Because the cost of living in Changsha is too high. Because he thinks that as long as he can save a dollar, he can let a poor child study for another month. Liu Junqing, you think this is incredible. Please enter this column.

Students, students of the First Normal University, what is poverty? What is wealth? Is it poverty to wear sandals, patch and cook a light meal? Is it rich to wear leather shoes and sit in a sedan chair? Don't! Son, real poverty and wealth do not lie in these superficial things. Today, you are still young. In the future, you will all experience the temptation of money and fame, and you will all have to face the reality and ideal choices. At that time, when you do your best to make more people happy regardless of personal gains and losses, you will truly feel that you are so rich and happy spiritually. On the contrary, if you only remember your own selfish interests all day, even if you are rich, even if you are rich and extravagant during the day, you will find that you are not happy when you are alone at night. Because everything you have is endless emptiness, because you are spiritually poor.

Today, I kept this half corn bread. I also hope that this wowotou will remain in the hearts of every classmate from now on. Let us firmly remember that thrift is the foundation of self-cultivation.

8. President Kong: Why do you want to teach people to read?

Mao: As a teacher, I will teach after all. Go to the internship now. And the headmaster also said: the most important thing in national education is popularization. What should be educated now are ordinary people who don't know a word.

Kong: That makes sense. In fact, the teacher's duty is to popularize education. This is what schools should think and do. The school hasn't decided yet, so you want to do it first. The school should thank you.

Mao: Actually, I didn't think so much. I just don't think it's enough to reason with your mouth. Only when you do it yourself can it be true.

9. Xiao: Where have you been in such a heavy rain?

Mao: Climbing the mountain.

Xiang Tao: Mountain climbing? !

Xiao: Mountain climbing?

Cai: Yes!

Xiao: It's windy and rainy. Why are you doing this?

Mao: What's wrong with the gale? What is the heavy rain? The ancients cloud, fascinated by the foothills, fascinating. Well, I had a good experience today.

Cai: Yes, the wind bathes my body; Rain, bathing my body; Storm, bathe my soul!

Mao: Mountains and rivers are at my feet, and the earth is in my arms. I am the master of the mountains and rivers in Yuan Ye. I am the spirit of the universe;

10. Mao: The headmaster once told me that education can save the country. I used to think that only we educated youth are the hope of China's future. But today I know that educators can't even save themselves, so how can education save others? How to save such a big country? ..... Some people, some things, can really be changed by education and empty ideals?

Yang Changji: Reading may not save the country. Education may not change everything. But only by reading can we realize the truth; Only by reading can you find the answer to your question today.

1 1. President Kong put forward the idea of students' autonomy, solicited the opinions of students, and put forward the idea of strengthening physical exercise.

Mao: When I was listening to the discussion, I suddenly remembered a classmate. A classmate who has left us, that is Yongqi. I often think of yongqi. Every morning I get up and see his empty bed. Every time I walk into the classroom, I see his empty seat; Every time I pass the canteen and playground. I remember in the first class, he said that he wanted to be a general in Guan Yunchang. When he spoke for the last time, he asked me if he could become a general in Guan Yunchang. Yongqi is so kind and her grades are so outstanding. The only regret is that his constitution is too weak. It's a little stormy He must be the first to get sick. At that time, we played ball games, ran, swam and climbed mountains together. I asked him to go with us. But he always ... blames me. If I had forced him to exercise at that time, maybe such a tragedy would not have happened later.

Actually, it's not just a permanent cup. From ancient times to the present, China's traditional education has never attached importance to education. Yan Hui, Jia Yi, and Lu, the talents of these historical figures, are not amazing? However, they are all short-lived, and they died young before they could realize their ideals and ambitions. There is only one page of regret left for history. Without a healthy body, no matter how good his knowledge is and how great your skill is, you can't even save your life. What's the use? What I admire most is the Spartans, so few in number, but they can dominate ancient Greece. Why? Because they not only attach importance to spiritual civilization, but also advocate barbaric physique. On the other hand, in today's China, the weak are everywhere. School teachers teach, students eat books, and parents at home stare at books. The youth of a country is sick, and if this continues, why can't others call us the sick man of East Asia? What can guarantee the strength of the country and the rejuvenation of the nation? The future of China needs young people, and the future of young people needs solid and strong bodies. The first step of our alumni association should focus on the physical exercise of the whole school and let the students be civilized and barbaric!

12. During their study tour, Xiao Zisheng skillfully saved the daughter of a tenant farmer, but it also triggered a discussion between Mao and Xiao.

Mao: Sister Zhi, we can save her. But there are thousands of sisters. What should they do?

Xiao: Sometimes the manpower is poor, and only one person can be saved.

Mao: No, it's irresponsible. That old set of benevolence and morality can only be used to cope with a conscience watching from a distance, but it can't solve the problems of farmers or eliminate the darkness of this society.

Xiao: But human progress takes time, and social improvement is a gradual process.

Mao: Then we will wait and see all these irrationalities and injustices continue.

Xiao: What do you suggest?

Mao: fundamentally overthrow the old system. Bury all unreasonable, unjust, ugly people and ugly things.

Xiao: That's an empty ideal. I'm afraid it's hard to achieve.

Mao: Yes, it is ideal, but it is by no means empty. I firmly believe that as long as we sweep away darkness and drive away corruption, the world will naturally usher in great harmony.

13. Mao Zedong accepted the task of running a workers' night school and invited everyone to be a teacher at the reading club.

Xiao: Workers study by themselves at night, so that they can enjoy it. I found you, and there are always new tricks.

Cai: What about Xinmingtang? I'm all for Runzhi's new move.

Xiao: Do you agree or disagree? You have to give me a reason.

Mao: You want a reason, I'll give you one. For more than four years, I have been thinking, what can change our riddled society and save our country from internal and external troubles? I used to study by reading, but is it useful to rely solely on the truth in books? You have read ten thousand books, but you still can't stop Tang Xiangming's soldiers. I also thought: one person can't do it, let's make friends and form a group. But China is so big that it can't be changed by a few scholars and groups. Still no, this study tour touched me even more. A rich landlord can ride on so many tenants and do whatever he wants. Why? Because there are few scholars, there are really many workers, peasants and ordinary people in China. They are ignorant and honest. If you can't move, no matter how many books you read and how many students you help, you can't turn over the sky.

Cai: Yes! We can't solve the real problem alone.

Xiao: run a night school for workers and teach a few workers, and this problem will be solved?

Mao: Of course I can't answer China's question now. However, I think it is necessary to awaken the people. As a group of young people, only by lowering our eyes and staring at the lowest and broadest ordinary people can we really achieve something. Bodhisattva Xiao, don't you always say that the accumulation of steps begins?

14. At the critical moment in Changsha, Mao Zedong stepped forward and pleaded.

Kong: Attack?

Mao: Yes, the only way is to take the initiative to attack, so as to save the school and Changsha City.

Fang: But how many people were defeated? Join us and fight them?

Mao: It's not a matter of many people and few people. Teachers, think about it: Fu, the governor of Hunan Province, was appointed temporarily. His team suffered such a big defeat and fled all the way. Even Fu himself ran away, leaving these people leaderless and completely annihilated. Don't talk about the morale of an army. I just went to Monkey Rock, and even the basic organizational system was broken up. The whole headless fly Such an army, no matter how many people have no fighting capacity.

Kong: But they have thousands of guns.

Mao: It is because they have several guns that they dare to come to Changsha. What are they doing here? I just want to take the opportunity to steal it and make a fortune. But an hour or two ago, they had already arrived outside Changsha. Why are they afraid to go into town? Stay at Monkey Rock forever. Why? Because they can't figure out the reality of Changsha. Fu's army was defeated by the Xiang army in the national defense army, and fled from Xiangtan and Zhuzhou to Changsha from south to north. Another garrison, Gui Jun, Guangxi, attacked Changsha from west to east in Changde, Xiangxi, and had already attacked Yiyang the day before yesterday. In other words, it is impossible for the routed troops to know the progress of Gui Jun from the west. The reason why they dare not move outside the city is precisely because, according to the time calculation, Gui Jun may have arrived in Changsha. They are afraid that Gui Jun, who is several times stronger than them, is waiting for them in the city.

Kong: That makes sense.

Mao: This defeated army is absolutely afraid to fight. For them, life comes first. However, if time drags on and there is no movement in Changsha, it means telling them that Gui Jun hasn't arrived yet and Changsha is an empty city. At that time, their courage will grow bigger and bigger, and they will understand that Changsha is a piece of meat in their bowl and can be slaughtered by them. These defeated soldiers are no longer troops, but robbers. If the stampede really happens and flows into Changsha, Changsha, which has a population of hundreds of thousands, will become a hell on earth. So the most important thing now is time. We must catch him off guard before they find out the truth. Only in this way can Changsha be saved.

Yang: That's true, but Changsha used to be Fu's territory, and now even he has run away. How does an army defend the city? Where will such an army find it for a while?

Mao: There is a student volunteer in the First Division.

There are only 200 students, not even real guns. It's too risky

Kong: Yes, Runzhi, this is no joke. In case the other party finds out, it's the lives of 200 students.

Mao: I have calculated all these. There are few of us. But the place where the monkey stone is surrounded by mountains, we can use the terrain to bluff. Those defeated soldiers in the tourist trap simply don't know our strength. As for the gun, it is not completely helpless. They are in the police station. They are also policemen in Changsha. For Changsha, you should work hard with us.

Kong: That's true. I'm not afraid of 10 thousand, just in case. In case you screw up, or the other person is bold. ...

Mao: Headmasters and teachers, I also know that this is risky. Things are big and small, and a gentleman does not do it. When all the people in the city are in danger, if our student army doesn't stand up, who will? Dear teachers, you have been teaching students all your life. What you want to cultivate is an open-minded person who dares to sacrifice his life for righteousness and forge ahead in times of crisis.

Yang: Zhao Mao, promise them.

Kong: Runzhi, these 200 student armies are yours!

Mao: Yes! Principal!

15. Talk about life:

The most valuable thing is that you are never discouraged, always full of hope, believe in yourself and believe in the future. Just like this rain, although it is raining heavily, it seems to be blocking others' way, but I believe it will eventually stop and clear up. I, Mao Runzhi, have no other skills except one. I believe that there is no way out, and the sun will shine tomorrow. I am confident that my life span is 200 years, and I will be a water hammer with a distance of 3,000 li.

Fighting with the sky is fun! Fighting the ground is fun! It's fun to fight with others!