Basic introduction of Chinese scientific names: Monascus, Monascus, Monascus Division: Fungi: Fungi: Ascomycetes: Polyporus: Fungi. Family: Monascus genus: Monascus Fan Tiehan species: Monascus distribution area: natural distribution, a large number of medicinal Monascus cultivated in Hebei, Fujian, Guangdong and other places, suitable for people, edible value, nutritional components, efficacy and function, quality and value, purchase and preservation, Monascus, original form, raw material introduction, research history, medicinal value, applicable people: red rice wine produced in Redmi. Redmi is welcomed not only by consumers in China, but also by people in Redmi. When cleaning, wash for 2-3 times to remove impurities. Generally, everyone can eat it, and don't eat more if the gastrointestinal function is not good. Edible value 1. Red rice can lower blood pressure and blood lipid, and Monascus K can prevent the production of cholesterol. 2. Redmi is rich in starch and plant protein, which can supplement the consumed physical strength and maintain normal body temperature. 3. Redmi is rich in various nutrients, among which iron is the most abundant, so it has the effects of enriching blood and preventing anemia. 4. Redmi is rich in phosphorus, and vitamins A and B can improve malnutrition, night blindness and beriberi; It can also effectively relieve fatigue, listlessness and insomnia. 5. Redmi contains pantothenic acid, vitamin E, glutathione and other substances, which can inhibit carcinogens, especially for the prevention of colon cancer. 6. Compared with the chemically synthesized red pigment, Redmi has the advantages of non-toxicity and safety, and also has the effects of invigorating spleen, promoting digestion, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Nutrient content of carbohydrate (g)
74.40 Fat (g)
2.00 protein (grams)
7.00 Cellulose (g)
2.00 Sexual taste: sweet and warm. Source: Seed kernel of Gramineae red glutinous rice. Redmi heat: 354 kcal per100g. Nutritional components of Redmi: protein, sugar, dietary fiber, phosphorus, iron, copper, vitamins A, B and C, etc. Redmi's shopping: When choosing Redmi, it is better to have a full, complete, shiny, moth-eaten and damaged appearance. Cleaning of Redmi: put Redmi into a basin, add appropriate amount of water, and clean for 2-3 times to remove impurities. Cooking: You can make rice porridge, make soup and process it into flavor snacks. Storage: put it in a covered container and store it in a cool, ventilated and dry place to prevent moisture and insects, which can be preserved for a long time. Taboo: Redmi should be eaten while it is hot, so as not to be slightly hard after cooling; People with poor gastrointestinal function should not eat more. Redmi is beige and pink, waxy, long grain, fragrant and different trace elements. Red rice wine brewed in Redmi is favored by women because it is as red as red wine, soft in taste and has a good aftertaste after drinking. Experiments show that Redmi can increASe plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), improve the body's antioxidant capacity, and is also of great significance for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as AS. This discovery is of great value for improving the antioxidant level in the body through normal diet and preventing and treating chronic diseases caused by elevated oxidation state. Since the 20th century, animal experiments and clinical experiments have preliminarily proved that special rice such as black rice and Redmi has many physiological functions, such as scavenging free radicals, delaying aging, improving iron deficiency anemia, resisting stress and regulating immunity. Black rice pigment is also a natural pigment, which is non-toxic and maintains a variety of nutrients in plants. It can not only be used as a food colorant, but also has many health-care functions. The main physiological function of flavonoids in black rice is Vp, that is, to maintain the normal osmotic pressure of blood vessels, reduce the fragility of blood vessels, prevent blood vessels from rupturing and stop bleeding; Antibacterial, blood pressure lowering, cancer cell inhibiting, and anticancer; Improve myocardial nutrition and reduce myocardial oxygen consumption. Black rice pigment can scavenge hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical and superoxide anion radical. Quality and Value According to relevant research reports, the content of trace elements such as zinc, copper, iron, selenium, molybdenum, calcium and manganese in Redmi is 0.5~3 times higher than that in ordinary rice (white rice); Redmi also contains flavonoids, alkaloids, phytosterols and carotene. Modern medicine has proved that Redmi can increase the plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HD)L and improve the body's antioxidant capacity. Has the functions of preventing and treating diseases caused by oxygen free radicals; Has the functions of inhibiting cancer cells, resisting tumors and activating immunity; It is beneficial for the elderly to supplement calcium, increase children's height and wisdom, and has the effects of strengthening muscles and bones, enriching blood and caring skin. Studies show that these trace elements and nutrients are mainly concentrated in pigments. As we all know, the human body has a certain demand for micronutrients. Too high or too low will affect human health. For example, selenium is an element beneficial to human body, which has many functions such as cancer prevention, anti-tumor, anti-aging, liver protection and hematopoietic system protection. Zinc can promote children's intellectual development; Calcium plays an obvious role in promoting children's development, improving the anti-aging ability of the elderly and preventing osteoporosis. However, the absorption capacity of inorganic compounds is usually very low, such as vitamin C deficiency. Although taking vitamin C tablets can also prevent it, it is often not as good as eating a few apples. Calcium-containing preparations were once heated, but the inorganic calcium contained in them was not easily absorbed and utilized by human body. In China, people used to be keen on organic foods such as selenium-rich tea and selenium-rich eggs, but tea is not suitable for everyone, especially children and some people with insomnia. Although eggs are rich in nutrition, many people are often afraid because of their high cholesterol. Rice is the staple food of us southerners. Compared with other foods, rice protein is more easily digested and absorbed by human body. The biological price of rice protein is higher than other grains, and its allergy is the lowest. Therefore, it has been recognized as the most direct, effective, economical and safe way to supplement the trace elements such as selenium and calcium needed by human body through eating. Because of its rich nutritional value and high dietotherapy value, Redmi is very suitable for pregnant women, children and the elderly. Proper consumption is of great significance to promote the nutritional balance of human body and improve physical fitness. Recipe: white sauce 1, a little olive oil (about 15g), 30g flour, 550g water, whipped cream 15g sugar and chicken essence, with or without black pepper. White sauce 2, salt-free cream 25g, flour 10- 15g, milk 250g, salt, black pepper, baked rice: rice, bacon, sausage (sliced), onion, red and yellow pepper (diced and blanched).
Exercise:
1. white sauce 1: put olive oil in the pot, heat the oil until it is warm, then add flour and stir until it absorbs oil and changes color.
2. Add water, turn to low heat, use a manual whisk or wooden spoon to draw a circle and stir until the flour particles are dissolved in water, add whipped cream and seasoning and stir evenly, turn off the heat after boiling, and finally add cream and stir evenly. It's best to stir the white sauce from time to time. 1. helps to dissipate heat. 2. It prevents the surface from crusting. After cooling, the white sauce thickens and the white sauce is ready. 3. White sauce 2: Put cream in the pot, add flour after the cream melts and mix well.
4. Add the milk and stir over low heat until the flour is dissolved in the milk. After boiling, add salt and black pepper. (The cooling method is the same as above)
5. Baked rice: add olive oil, heat, add onion and stir fry, add bacon and sausage and stir fry for a while, add red, yellow, sweet pepper and Italian spices, then add rice and stir fry, then add salt and vegetarian ingredients and mix well.
6. Put the fried rice in a bowl (about 7 minutes is enough) and smear it with 10% white sauce. The amount of white sauce can be put according to personal preference. If you like moisturizing, you can add more white sauce, otherwise it will be reduced.
7. finally, spread mozzarella cheese.
8. Preheat the oven at 180 degrees for about 10~ 15 minutes until the cheese on the surface melts and the surface feels a little burnt. Raw materials of red rice cake: 50g of Redmi, 3 egg whites, 2 egg yolks, 40g of salad oil and 50g of sugar. Practice: 1, Redmi soaked for three hours in advance. 2. Then wash and drain. 3. The feeder is ground into powder. 4. Put the red rice noodles in a bowl and add salad oil and eggs. 5, mix well into Redmi paste. 6. Add sugar to the protein three times and send it to wet foaming. 7. Add one third of the protein paste to the Redmi paste, and stir it up and down evenly. 8. Pour the stirred paste back into the protein paste. 9. Turn it up and down into a uniform batter. 10, spread gauze on the steamer, pour the batter on it and smooth it, and steam with water for about ten minutes on medium heat. Buy storage Redmi: When choosing Redmi, it is better to have a full, complete, shiny, moth-eaten and damaged appearance. Storage: put it in a covered container and store it in a cool, ventilated and dry place to prevent moisture and insects, which can be preserved for a long time. The origin of red koji: proper diet, sound name: HónɡQū, alias: red koji (extracted from Fiona Fang), Redmi (medicinal materials compilation) and Fuqu (Shanghai standard of decoction pieces). Characteristics of monascus: irregular particles, like broken rice; The appearance is brownish red, crisp, pink in section, slightly sour and light in taste. The quality is red, crisp and aged for a long time. Distribution of resources: Hebei, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Taiwan Province, Fujian, Guangdong and other places. Treatment: screen out dust and impurities. Monascus charcoal: stir-fry the clean monascus until it is black outside and yellow inside, spray clean water and let it cool. Source: Monascus rice, Aspergillus fungi, parasitic on japonica rice. Indications: promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis; Strengthening spleen and promoting digestion. Stagnation of main diet; Abdominal distension; Red and white dysentery; Postpartum lochia is endless; Fall injury. Pay attention to spleen yin deficiency, and use it with caution for those without food stagnation and blood stasis. (1) Classic of Materia Medica: If there is no blood stasis, it will not be used; if it is good at breaking blood, it will be forbidden if there is no blood stasis. 2 "Materia Medica from the New": avoid the same divine comedy, and do not use it for those with spleen yin deficiency and stomach fire. It will damage the tires. Administration and dosage: oral: decoction,10 ~ 20g; Or grinding into pills and powder. External use: tamping. Excerpt: * The dictionary is sweet and warm. (1) "Diet": sweet, neutral and non-toxic. 2 outline: sweet, warm and non-toxic. Monascus 3 "Ben Feng Jing Yuan": sweet, bitter and flat. Meridian enters the liver, spleen and large intestine. ① Interpretation of Materia Medica: Entering the Liver Meridian of Foot Jueyin and Spleen Meridian of Foot Taiyin. ② "Depei Materia Medica": entering Yangming and Taiyin meridians and blood points. (3) dispensing of essential drugs: into the spleen, stomach and large intestine. The protomycelium has many branches, is colorless at the beginning, turns red gradually and turns purple after aging; The hyphae are septate, multinucleated and contain orange-red particles. When it matures, it produces a single conidia or a bunch of conidia at the top of the branch. The conidia are brown, (6-9) μ m× (7-10) μ m. In addition, an orange-red single spherical ascomycete (ascomycete) is produced at the top of mycelium. The capsule shell is orange-red, nearly spherical, with a diameter of 25-75μm, and contains many cysts. The ascus is spherical and contains 8 ascospores. When it matures, the wall of the ascus disappears. Ascomycetes are ovoid or nearly spherical, smooth, transparent, colorless or reddish, (5.5-6) μ m× (3.5-5) μ m. Introduction to raw materials Indica rice is rice made from non-waxy rice, which is called indica rice. The shape of rice grains is slender or rectangular, and the length of rice grains is more than 7 mm. After cooking, the rice yield is high, the viscosity is low, and the rice is brittle and easily broken during processing. The cross section is oblate, and the colors are white and transparent, as well as translucent and opaque. According to the harvest season of rice, it is divided into early indica rice and late indica rice. Early indica rice grains are wide and short, pink-white, big in belly, rich in powder, crisp in texture, less viscous than late indica rice, and poor in quality. Late indica rice grains are slender and slightly flat, with fine texture, generally transparent or translucent, white belly, hard grains, greater oiliness and better quality. In the international market, some indica rice can be divided into long-grain rice and medium-grain rice according to the length of rice grains. Long-grain rice is slender, with an aspect ratio generally greater than 3, generally waxy, transparent or translucent. Crisp, oily, soft, tough, non-sticky, delicate and delicious after cooking, which is the best quality of indica rice. China's Qi Mei, Simiao and American Blue Crown all belong to long-grain rice. Medium-grained rice is long and round, slightly thicker than long-grained rice, and its length-width ratio is 2~3. Generally, it is translucent, with a white belly and a lot of powder, which is loose after cooking and rough in taste. The quality is not as good as long grain rice. Most of the rice produced in Hunan, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Sichuan and other provinces in China belongs to medium grain rice. Zenas in the United States also belongs to medium-grained rice. Monascus was first discovered in China, and its production and application have a history of 1000 years. It is a traditional rice fermented product unique to China and neighboring countries. Monascus, called Qu Dan in ancient times, is not only a traditional Chinese medicine, but also a food. It is made by inoculating monascus on rice and fermenting. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Li Shizhen in Ming Dynasty evaluated it in Compendium of Materia Medica, and thought: "This is a wise man who can see nature" and "it is a wonderful medicine". In many ancient pharmacopoeias of China, this product has the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, strengthening the spleen and promoting digestion, and is used to treat dyspepsia, postpartum lochia, abdominal pain, traumatic injury, etc. Monascus has a wonderful use in food in China. In the old society of Beijing, there was a well-known snack called * * *. * * * is actually not a sausage, but something similar to a sausage made of dough powder and red yeast. Cut it into thin slices and fry it in a pot with pigs. Add some garlic juice and salt water when eating, which is absolutely delicious. Among them, monascus played a particularly important role. Not only * * *, but also many well-known flavor foods at home and abroad, such as Wuxi pork ribs, apple fish maw, cherry meat, stewed duck with rose, mandarin duck, fish and jujube, peach steamed bread, water chestnut cake, Zhuji, Liuli, etc., all contain red yeast, which can also be used to brew yellow rice wine, make fermented bean curd, edible ester and food pigment. The appearance of Monascus has written a brilliant chapter in the history of food microbial fermentation in China and the world. Monascus Monascus is a kind of red mold, and people in ancient China have long recognized its edible value. Monascus has a wide range of uses. For example, before the invention of special sauce color (caramel) for ancient soy sauce, monascus was the main edible pigment of red food such as braised pork. Monascus is also an excellent raw material for food industry. For example, red rice wine (red wine) produced by monascus in Fujian, Taiwan Province and other provinces in China is well-known in Southeast Asia, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and is deeply loved by consumers. It is recognized as having the functions of relaxing muscles and activating blood circulation and strengthening the body. Japanese people are deeply influenced by China culture, and they also like red koji very much. For example, in rural Japan, red koji is added when curing pork. Under the action of monascus protein phenol, cured meat is fresh and tender, and its appearance is dark red, which greatly increases people's appetite. In modern times, the study of monascus has attracted the attention of the world. Biologists in Peking University screened a monascus strain from many monascus strains, and found natural statins that can lower serum cholesterol in its metabolites. After a lot of work, the wild strain was mutated into a production strain, which can produce high-content, stable and applicable natural statins, that is, specific inhibitors of the key enzyme of human cholesterol synthesis (HMG——CoA reductase), and also produce a variety of beneficial components, such as essential amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids. At this time, monascus is very different from monascus which is usually used as pigment, so it is called special monascus. Special monascus can be used in pharmaceutical industry. A large number of studies have found that it has a very powerful comprehensive effect of lowering total cholesterol, lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lowering serum triglyceride, lowering atherosclerosis index and raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and has high safety and few side effects, and can effectively treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease and stroke, as well as diseases related to hyperlipidemia such as diabetes, nephrotic syndrome and fatty liver. It is considered to be the most promising lipid-lowering substance at present. Monascus, making the past serve the present, has given it new vitality and vigor. Old medicine has a new look, which will bring new hope to human health. Medicinal value Since the 20th century, pharmacologists have found that monascus is an excellent natural medicine for lowering blood lipid and blood pressure. In Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica Monascus, there are several dietotherapy prescriptions containing Monascus. A new lipid-lowering drug "Lezhiping" developed by researchers of Chinese Academy of Sciences with Monascus as raw material has the same efficacy as statins developed by American companies, and is called "China Statin" abroad. In addition, monascus derivatives also have strong antioxidant and anticancer effects. With the deepening of scientists' understanding of the physiological and pharmacological effects of monascus, the ancient monascus is expected to become an important source of new drugs. The ancient method chose a place with red soil, dug a deep pit, spread mats around the pit, poured japonica rice into it, and pressed heavy stones on it to make it ferment and turn red. After 3 ~ 4 years, the outer skin of rice grains is purple and the inside is red. If there are white spots inside, it means it is not cooked and the quality is poor. Compendium: "Monascus materia medica does not contain, and the method is modern and strange." This method uses one stone and five buckets of white japonica rice, soaked in water for one night, boiled, divided into fifteen places, added with three kilograms of koji, and kneaded evenly. Then make a place and cover it with silk, and the heat will be emitted. Kyaw Win hastily piled it up and covered it again. The next day, it made three more piles. After a while, it was divided into five piles, another time, a pile of cooperation, another time, it was divided into fifteen piles, which was a little warmer, and so on. On the third day, the jar was filled with fresh water, the bamboo raft was filled with music, and five were made. Those who eat too much are called yellow, red and cute in wine and wine, but their hearts are not very good. Chen Jiu is the best medicine. " The history of making monascus in Jiting, the hometown of monascus, cannot be verified, but it has a history of at least hundreds of years. In the past, monascus was mostly made by rich people. Whenever there is a strong fragrance floating in the ancestral temple or hall, you will know who is making monascus. During this time, the water in Jitingtang will turn red because of washing monascus. For the sake of secret transmission, making monascus is only a man's patent, and it is only passed on to children, not to women. At the critical moment of making monascus, the master kept his mouth shut. Ordinary villagers are limited by economic conditions and venues, and it is impossible to make monascus. Therefore, before liberation, there were only a dozen monascus producers in Jiting Village, and the number was limited. With the passage of time, more and more villagers began to explore the production of monascus, from two or three kilograms to twenty or thirty kilograms ... By the 1970s, the number of farmers making monascus had greatly increased. Older girls and daughter-in-law have mastered the traditional technology of making monascus, but the yield is not much. Traditional monascus production technology is gradually accepted by villagers. Ding introduced that the production of monascus generally goes through five processes: soaking, cooking, oxidation (fermentation), washing and drying. Most of the raw materials for making monascus are early glazed rice. In the past, most of the early glazed rice was purchased from Buddhist temples. Later, due to the increase in demand, it was purchased from Jiangxi, Anhui, Hunan and other places. Jiting is about 1.5km away from the Buddhist temple. In order to facilitate transportation, Jiting Village introduced a "goat-horn car" from Jiangxi. The body of the "Yangjiaoche" is all made of wood. The frame is narrow in front and wide in back, with two straight frames, and the front end is pointed and upturned, much like claws. A Xiao Mu wheel without spokes is installed at the bottom of Yangjiao Car, and the rim of the wheel is wrapped with iron sheet, which makes the car rattle when walking. Every time I go to a Buddhist temple fair, the creaking sound of Jiting's "Horn Car" floats on the winding path. Many of these cars are used to make monascus for villagers, transport rice and transport monascus. Jiting became the earliest village with the largest number of push-pull carts in Fotang ancient town at that time, which was inseparable from the increase of villagers making red koji in the village at that time. With rice, the villagers soaked it in water for about three to four hours and then steamed it on the stove. When the temperature of rice drops to about 30℃, add strains. Most of the previous strains were cultured by themselves. Because the quality of strains directly affects the speed and quality of monascus production, most strains were introduced from Fujian, Jiangxi and other provinces later. Bacteria can be divided into rice cakes, ester cakes and water cakes. In Jiting, most of the strains selected by villagers are ester cakes. After mixing rice and strains evenly with both hands, pile the rice into a pile and seal it for fermentation. After about 20 hours, the room was full of fragrance. It means that the rice has been fermented. At this time, spread out the fermented "rice" and rinse it every ten hours or so. When there is no running water, Jiting Hall becomes the most lively place in the village. The washing time of monascus should be properly controlled, so villagers who make monascus will carry "rice" to the pond for washing, no matter during the day or at midnight. With the sound of rushing water, the color of monascus becomes redder and redder over and over again. Wash it four or six times and you can dry it. The traditional production method of monascus is not only affected by the weather, but also limited by the environmental site. If the temperature and humidity are not well grasped, the quality of monascus will be greatly reduced. High-quality monascus has pure color and crisp rice grains. About one kilogram of rice can make 624 monascus. In the early 1980s, monascus in Jiting Village was known to the surrounding counties and cities. More and more "koji merchants" come to Jiting to buy red koji. The earliest are Sangxian, Xinchang and Dongyang. Ding of Jiting took advantage of the spring breeze of reform and opening-up, seized the opportunity and took the lead in setting up a monascus factory in the village. Because the factory was small at that time, it could not produce monascus in large quantities. Ding took providing technology and raw materials as a way to get rich and mobilized villagers to process monascus. At that time, more than 400 villagers in Jiting Village processed red koji every day from early May to June at 5438+065438+ 10, and at most, they processed 20,000 tons of rice a year (i.e. 100 tons). 1985, Jiting became a professional village of red rice in Jinhua area. The red koji in Jiting is very famous in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and there are many "Qushang" in Tiantai, Wuyi, Longyou and Longquan. However, Ding found it more and more difficult to use traditional monascus production techniques, which was time-consuming and laborious. If we want monascus to move from a small village to a city and to the world, we must broaden our original ideas. From 65438 to 0988, Ding began to study monascus red pigment, and natural pigment co., Ltd. came into being. From 65438 to 0995, he reformed the traditional processing of red kojic rice, successfully invented ultra-thick layer fermentation, and established the first-class fermentation technology and equipment of red kojic rice in China, which saved 80% of the labor force, obviously improved the hygiene index and increased the site utilization rate by five times. Almost every production process has been replaced by machines, and the ancient monascus workshop has become full of vitality. According to incomplete statistics, three-fifths of the early rice meal in Jinhua has become the raw material for processing monascus. 20 1 1 year, the output value of Natural Pigment Co., Ltd. is more than 38 million, 98% of which are exported to 29 countries such as Japan, South Korea and the European Union. Ding of Jiting Village walked out of the village with his high-tech products and went to the world. However, most villagers in Jiting Village are still trapped in traditional monascus workshops. Ding said that making monascus is a "hot" process, and it is too hard to handle hot rice in hot season. So now someone in Jiting Village has gone out to do business, and only half of the farmers are making red koji at home. The amount of processed rice is about 2500 Jin, and the most is about 10000 Jin. The income of villagers ranges from 1000 yuan to 10000 yuan. Although the income cannot be directly proportional to the pay, the villagers who are mainly agricultural have been satisfied. Traditional monascus production is like an old man, slowly reaching his twilight years. It is hoped that with the development of economy, more Ding-style figures will inject new vitality into the production of red koji wine, so that the fragrant place of red koji wine will remain fragrant forever. Pharmacological action Coenzyme Q 10, also known as decenoquinone, can be isolated by monascus fermentation. It is an activator of cell metabolism and cell respiration, which can improve mitochondrial respiratory function and promote oxidative phosphorylation. It is also a natural oxidant produced by cells themselves, which can inhibit the peroxidation of mitochondria and protect the structural integrity of biofilm. It has non-specific enhancement effect on immunity, can increase the phagocytosis rate of phagocytes, increase the production of antibodies and improve the function of T cells. Various factions discuss "healthy diet": invigorating spleen and benefiting qi, and warming the middle warmer. 2. "Herbal Supplement": promoting blood circulation and digestion, strengthening the spleen and warming the stomach, and red and white dysentery entering the valley. "Outline": Treat women's blood pain and postpartum blood, and drink well. Compendium of materia medica: enter the camp to break blood, dry the stomach and promote digestion, and promote blood circulation. Treat red and white dysentery and traumatic injury. Outline of medical forest: solving cold biological poisoning. Materia Medica Jing Shu: Monascus and Massa Medica are the same in promoting digestion and strengthening stomach, but only Monascus can promote blood circulation and hurt tendons, so it is particularly important to treat bloody dysentery. Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae, medulla Tetrapanacis, Carp A, myrrh for treating internal injuries, chest and diaphragm pain, or vomiting blood, and children's casual clothes; Treating stagnation with Rhizoma Coptidis, Semen Lablab Album, Semen Nelumbinis, Scutellariae Radix, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Cimicifugae Rhizoma, Radix Puerariae, Mume Fructus, Glycyrrhrizae Radix, Talcum and Orange; Radix Dipsaci, Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae, Rhizoma Corydalis, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, medulla Tetrapanacis, Carthami Flos, Achyranthis Radix, Myrrha and Olibanum are used for treating internal injuries, blood stasis and pain; Eupatorium adenophorum, Achyranthes bidentata, Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Dipsaci, Pollen Typhae and Radix Paeoniae Rubra are used to treat postpartum lochia and abdominal pain. "Seeking Materia Medica": The glutinous rice mixed with distiller's yeast becomes red, which can invigorate qi and promote blood circulation, dry the stomach and promote digestion. All diseases of worldly desires, which cause blood astringency due to qi, should be helped. Therefore, it treats cold coagulation, red and white dysentery, traumatic injury, amenorrhea and postpartum hematemesis. Ancient books attached prescriptions for heartache: red yeast, Cyperus rotundus, frankincense, etc. Finally, bring the wine. ("Picking Fiona Fang") Treating children's head sore, which is toxic due to wet water, and pus is not limited: mashed red yeast. ("10 1 recipe selection") Women's postpartum abdominal pain due to blood stasis: red rice 3-12g, decocted with yellow wine, and taken while it is hot. Warm diarrhea (acute enteritis): Redmi 15g, stir-fried and ground into fine powder, and mixed with Liuyi Powder (composed of 6 parts of flying talc and 0/part of raw licorice) in equal parts, 2-9g each time, and rice soup three times a day. Children's head sore and yellow sore: stir-fry monascus into fine powder and apply it to the affected area with sesame oil twice a day. Identification of medicinal materials: Monascus is oval, elliptical columnar or irregular, slightly flat, 5-8mm long, 2-3.5mm wide and 1.5-3mm thick. The surface is purplish red or brownish red, uneven, and some vertical and horizontal textures are shallow. Brittle, easy to fracture along transverse lines, uniform cross section, red to dark red edge, slightly concave in the middle, white to light red. The flavor is special, the taste is light and slightly sweet, and it is better to be red and crisp for a long time. Microscopic identification: powder characteristics: light red. The hyphae are septate, multinucleated, branched and purplish red. A single conidia or a bunch of conidia can be seen at the shoot tip; The conidia are spherical, oval or pear-shaped, brown, (9- 1 1) μ m× (6-9) μ m, and there is a single spherical orange-red ascomycete (closed ascomycete) at the branch end, which contains many ascospores. Ascomycetes are ovoid or nearly spherical, smooth, colorless or reddish, (5-6.5)μm×(3). 5-5) micron. Cooking instructions In cooking, red yeast is widely used, which can be used for cooking and dyeing, such as making cherry meat and Wuxi ribs. Can be used for barbecue, sauce and marinated food, such as Guangdong barbecued pork and some brine. Can be used for red sausage coloring and color matching when preparing sweet and sour, western-style juice and other compound flavors; Monascus rice is also often used to make porridge rice, pasta, fermented bean curd, cakes, sweets and preserves. As we all know, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the first killer threatening the lives of middle-aged and elderly people, and hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia are one of the main causes. There are two main ways for human body to accumulate cholesterol: exogenous, that is, from diet, accounting for1/4; Endogenous refers to self-synthesis, accounting for 3/4, the largest proportion. Metabolic pathway shows that human body needs to go through a series of metabolic processes to synthesize cholesterol, among which the key is that hydroxymethyl-coa (HMG-coa) generates mevalonate under the action of its reductase (HMG-CoA-R), and then further synthesizes cholesterol. The active ingredient in monascus is a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, which blocks the pathway of cholesterol synthesis and plays a role in treating and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.