Eugenic counseling is an important part of eugenic work. Doctors or other professionals ask patients with genetic diseases or congenital malformations or their relatives about the etiology, genetic mode, diagnosis, prognosis, prevention and treatment of the disease and the risk rate of recurrence of the disease among their relatives' children, and give suggestions and guidance to the marriage and childbirth of patients and their relatives, so as to control some unfavorable factors and prevent fetal development defects, thus achieving the goal of prenatal and postnatal care.
Eugenic counseling service is not only suitable for people with genetic disease history or exposed to some unfavorable factors, but also suitable for healthy men and women of childbearing age. Eugenic counseling has been advocated and carried out in China for a short time, but it has developed rapidly. At present, in addition to eugenic counseling in big cities, eugenic counseling systems have also been established in small and medium-sized cities, and even county and rural hospitals, family planning guidance offices and guidance stations.
The health promotion service model with family planning/reproductive health/family health care as the main content enables the broad masses of people of childbearing age to enjoy good family planning, reproductive health and family health care services. Reproductive and family health services cover contraception, prenatal and postnatal care, sexual and reproductive health at different life stages and family-oriented health services. Therefore, in the specific implementation process, the plan will mainly include six actions: informed choice of reproductive health services and standardization of follow-up services, social actions to improve the quality of family health care for the born population, comprehensive prevention and treatment of reproductive tract infections and cervical cancer screening, promotion of adolescent sexual and reproductive health, menopause health care, happy mothers and early education for 0-3 years old. (Living in Wu Qingqing)
The contents of eugenic counseling include:
(1) Premarital counseling: the basis of eugenics. Pre-marital examination is widely carried out all over the country and is welcomed by the masses. Through consultation, the men and women who are about to get married will be given general health examination and genital examination, and laboratory examination if necessary. In addition, if you ask the medical history carefully, whether you have a family history of genetic diseases or congenital diseases, you can know whether the situation of both parties is suitable for marriage and childbirth, and give guidance on marriage and childbirth. For example, consanguineous marriage should be stopped, some patients with serious genetic diseases and severe mental retardation should be discouraged from getting married, some diseases should not be married for the time being, and some patients with diseases should be mobilized for premarital sterilization. In premarital counseling, we should also give guidance on reproductive health, sexual knowledge and contraceptive knowledge.
(2) Pre-pregnancy counseling: In order to ensure the health of mother and baby during pregnancy, it is necessary to guide the selection of the best childbearing age and arrange the ideal pregnancy time. In addition to the mother's age and health factors, there are some unfavorable environmental factors that are not suitable for pregnancy before pregnancy, so it is necessary to take necessary measures for pre-pregnancy counseling. For example, the woman suffers from some chronic diseases, long-term exposure to substances that are toxic to the fetus, a history of viral infection, and certain tumors of the woman. If you don't do it before pregnancy, it will be extremely unfavorable for eugenics.
(3) Pregnancy counseling: Pregnancy counseling should start from the first trimester. If there are indications, prenatal diagnosis should be made in the early or middle pregnancy, and pregnancy should be terminated in time if fetal abnormality is found.
. The most common counseling during pregnancy is: counseling people with abnormal pregnancy history, such as habitual abortion history, stillbirth history, abnormal fetal delivery history, etc. In addition, there are consultations on the history of morning sickness or adverse contact, such as severe refusal to eat during pregnancy, vomiting in area D, threatened abortion, morning sickness, medication or other adverse contact history, pregnancy with fever, low fever, contraceptive failure, etc. Normal pregnant women should receive pregnancy guidance from the first trimester, such as strengthening nutrition, paying attention to hygiene during pregnancy, avoiding contact with harmful environment in life, maintaining a good mood during pregnancy, giving prenatal education guidance, regular health checkups, finding problems in time and handling them in time. This is to prevent serious pregnancy complications or abnormal fetal development, which is beneficial to maternal and child health.