From the physiological and psychological point of view, children of this age mainly think in images, and learning abacus mental arithmetic is only a quick mental arithmetic method that uses the imagination and image reproduction ability of brain space to transform abacus mental arithmetic and its pearl picking process from body and limb movements into thinking and pearl picking operation in the brain, which is the golden age of learning abacus mental arithmetic. Parents should pay attention to the following aspects when tutoring their children to learn mathematics addition and subtraction: First, parents should not be too anxious. Children learn mathematical addition and subtraction in a cognitive process, just like children learn to walk and speak, which has age characteristics. In large classes, children are only required to master addition and subtraction within ten. But now some parents ask their children to calculate the addition and subtraction within 20, 30 or even 100. I think it is inappropriate, which is no different from "helping seedlings". Secondly, teaching children to add and subtract should be combined with entities, but they don't agree to count fingers, because fingers can be said to be calculators that they carry with them, and it will be bad if they form a certain dependence on fingers in the future. Tend to replace it with something else. For example, go, coins, small stones, fruits, leaves and twigs are all readily available, just as convenient and diverse. "If you put two digital cards together, it may be difficult for him to understand what they add up to." But if you cooperate with the real thing, let the children try to count the two parts of the object together, which is addition; If you remove a few from a whole and there are still a few left, that is subtraction. This is both vivid and vivid. Thirdly, let children really understand the meaning of addition and subtraction. It is also found in counseling that many children often turn addition into subtraction, that is, there is no difference between addition and subtraction, that is, the more additions, the less subtraction; Addition is to add two numbers, and subtraction is to divide a number into two parts.