Is it necessary to educate children at an early age? The answer is definitely necessary, but it may not be meaningful to rely solely on the weekly classes of early education institutions. What is the significance of early education? Piaget, a famous child psychologist, found that a baby is not a blank sheet of paper after birth. They are not waiting to be instilled with knowledge. On the contrary, there seems to be a preset system in the baby, which will drive the baby to explore the world independently, receive information and establish his own cognition.
The significance of early education lies in the development of children's early mental ability. In the process of children exploring the world, they will choose, explain, transform and transform their own experiences to adapt to their existing psychological structure. In this process, on the one hand, children integrate the outside world into their existing psychological structure, on the other hand, they also change and expand their behavior to adapt to the environment.
Therefore, the development of children's early intelligence does not exist independently, but is the result of the dynamic and continuous interaction between children and the environment. Through constant interaction, early cognition is established, and the development of children's brains is promoted. In turn, the development of children's brains improves children's cognition. Therefore, the fundamental purpose of early education is to help preschool children improve their cognition and promote brain development. Understand the process of children's brain development. The sensorimotor stage of 0-2 years old is called sensorimotor stage by Piaget.
At this stage, the main channel for children to know the world is to explore through the senses, such as chewing with their mouths and touching with their hands. These sensory organs can stimulate the early development of the brain and establish synapses between brain neurons. Sensory motion is not static. Piaget observed that sensory movement went through three stages. From rigid mode to flexible mode. Baby's activities from the earliest unconditional reflex, to gradually establish a relationship with things.
For example, at first, babies only breastfeed. After a few days, the child will start sucking everything that can be put in his mouth. After a few months, he will open the bottle and spoon, and the child will decide to smile with his mouth open according to different things. Piaget called this adaptation of the baby to the environment the beginning of intelligence. From single to coordinated action mode. At first, the baby just looks at the toy, and then he will take the initiative to catch it, but he will not consciously put it in front of him; Later, children will take the initiative to pick up toys, shake them and even start eating. In this process, the baby's hands, eyes and brain begin to develop in harmony, and the actions that can be done will become more and more complicated.
From reactivity to purpose. The child's initial action has no purpose and plan. For example, if they unconsciously touch the wind chime beside the baby's bed, they won't take the initiative to repeat it because there is no connection between the two. When the child is around 1 year old, he will repeat this action in order to explore. The preoperative stage of 2-7 years old is called preoperative stage; At this stage, children's perspective of understanding the world is mainly self-centered, and children can't look at problems from the perspective of others, but only from their own perspective. Symbolic thinking begins to appear in children's brains, which means that children begin to think and imagine.
The thinking in the pre-operation stage has these characteristics: self-centered, children are far away from their own perspectives; Everything is animistic, and children will think that everything is alive, and it is possible to gradually transition to objects that only move, until finally they think that only humans and animals are alive; Stereotype thinking, tell your child that 3 plus 4 equals 7, and ask your child how much 7 minus 4 equals. Children at this stage can't understand reverse thinking, so teach them anyway. Before logical operation, children at this stage have no inductive and deductive thinking, and they will establish a connection between two unrelated things. Piaget changed the title to transformational thinking. For example, if they miss their nap, the children will think that they didn't take a nap, so they didn't arrive in the afternoon.
How to do early education well? Children aged 0-2 can show their babies symmetrical patterns for 0- 12 months, and they can communicate with their babies more to let them look at people's faces, because some studies have found that the favorite patterns of newborn babies are adult faces. Talk to children more, or play music that has been played before. Because babies are obviously more interested in their mother's voice after birth, researchers believe that this is related to prenatal education. Let the baby touch objects made of different materials, and don't stop the baby from chewing toys. A series of children activities are actively exploring the world.
1-2 years old is an accompanying parent. At this stage, the baby's movements change from aimless to purposeful, and everything wants to move and touch. Parents can help their children discover the new world in the process of exploration. What do you want your children to do? Don't force the child to do it. Take the initiative to do it in front of the child, and the baby will naturally start learning. Parents can talk to themselves while doing it. This is the best way for children to learn. Help children establish connections between things.
Too hot to move, help children establish the concept of heat; Hold the child's hand and feel the water temperature. 1-2-year-old baby begins to learn to speak, and his thinking is simple. Not all connections need to be discovered by children. We can also help children to actively establish relationships between things and let them practice by themselves. Don't stop children's behavior. Too dirty to move, too dangerous to move, too hot to move, too many obstacles will make children lose interest. A child who likes to move around is far smarter than a child who likes to be quiet. 2-7 years old to cultivate children's emotional ability. Child psychologists have found that children with good emotional ability will have better interpersonal relationships.
What affects children's emotional ability is how to solve the strong emotional experience they encounter in the first few years of their lives, which will affect their emotional ability. In other words, parents need to tell their children how to control their emotions early in their lives. Cultivate children's symbolic thinking ability. When children can skillfully use language and pictures, it shows that children have begun to use symbols and intuitive thinking has become abstract. Therefore, parents should try their best to improve their children's language ability and painting ability, such as reading books with their children to improve their language ability, thus improving their proficiency in using symbols.
Cultivating children's game ability, the level of game ability, represents the level of children's abstract thinking, because the game process requires children to have superb imagination to promote the development of the story, children constantly update their cognition in the game over and over again, and cultivate their ability to solve problems. By a child psychologist? Scaffolding parents? The idea is that children need parents' guidance from adults to solve problems independently. What should parents do? Scaffolding parents? Can't help too much, and can't help too much. The right distance can improve children's ability to solve problems.
The most common misunderstanding in early education
Myth 1: Early education is learning knowledge. Many parents think that early education is learning knowledge, but it is not. Early education refers to improving children's ability to understand the world with developmental thinking. Can you teach knowledge? Yes, but parents should understand the law of children's development. Only after the age of 5 can children learn. Premature rote memorization will make children forget more.
Myth 2: Early education is to teach children. Early education needs the cooperation of parents and children. Children actively explore the world, but if parents have better guidance, children can get twice the result with half the effort. On the contrary, simply letting children explore by themselves, without giving help, can't improve children's ability quickly and effectively. Scaffolding parents? The concept of.
Myth 3: Early education can only be done by professionals. Early education should be done anytime, anywhere and for a long time. This should be an educational concept of parents. Early education institutions, professionals and weekly early education classes are not the only ones. Early education classes are useful, but if parents are willing to participate in their children's early education, it is of greater significance to their children. Early education is not a few classes or games. Early education should be a continuous educational model. Don't blindly trust early education institutions. The role of parents is more important.