EYFS requires that seven learning and development areas must be included in the process of implementing early education plans. Skills in these areas of learning and development are very important and interrelated, and need to be cultivated in stages. The first stage is used to stimulate children's curiosity and enthusiasm for learning and cultivate children's ability to learn from others; The second stage is to improve children's four specific skills.
First stage
Communication and language
Let children have the opportunity to experience a rich language environment; Improve their confidence and skills in expressing themselves; Cultivate their ability to speak and listen in various situations.
Physical development
Actively interact with children; Improve their physical coordination and self-control ability; Help children understand the importance of physical activity and make healthy food choices for them.
Personal, social and emotional
Including helping children develop a positive understanding of themselves and others; Establish positive interpersonal relationships and cultivate respect for others; Develop social skills and learn how to manage your feelings; Understand the appropriate behavior in the team; And full of confidence in their abilities.
stage Ⅱ
Learn to read
Encourage children to associate sounds with letters and help them read and write. The most important thing is to give children all kinds of reading materials (books, poems and other written materials) to stimulate interest.
mathematics
Improve children's skills in calculating, understanding and using numbers, including simple addition and subtraction operations and describing shapes, spaces and measurements.
Understanding the world
Through the exploration and observation of people, orientation and technology, children are guided to understand the material world and living environment.
Art and design
Let children experience all kinds of media and materials, provide opportunities and encouragement through art, music, sports, dance, role-playing and other activities, and share their thoughts and feelings with them.
Early learning goals
Communication and language
Listening and paying attention: children can listen carefully in all situations and respond to what they hear through relevant comments, questions or actions. When attending other activities, you will pay attention to what others say and respond appropriately.
Understanding: Children can follow instructions involving several thoughts or actions and answer questions about "how" and "why" experiences, stories or events.
Say: children can express themselves effectively and express their understanding of the audience's needs.
Physical development
Movement and control: Children show good control and coordination ability in large and small movements, move safely and confidently in the allowed space, and can effectively operate equipment and tools (such as pencils for writing).
Keep healthy: children know the importance of physical exercise and can eat healthily; Know how to keep healthy and safe; Be able to successfully manage your basic hygiene and personal needs, including dressing independently and going to the toilet.
Personal, social and emotional
Self-confidence and self-awareness: children are confident to try new activities and tell why they like some activities more than others; Dare to speak in familiar groups, talk about ideas and express whether you need help.
Manage feelings and behaviors: children learn how to express feelings, can tell their own and others' behaviors and their consequences, and know that some behaviors are unacceptable; As a member of a group or class, I know how to understand and abide by the rules. I can adjust my behavior or change the general rules according to different situations.
Building relationships: Children can cooperate with others, show sensitivity to the needs and feelings of others, and build positive relationships with adults and other children.
Learn to read
Reading: Children can read and understand simple sentences.
Writing: children can use phonetic knowledge to write words in a way that conforms to pronunciation; Can write simple sentences that you and others can understand.
mathematics
Numbers: children can count, arrange the numbers of 1 to 20 in order and explain which number is more or less than the given number; You can learn to solve problems including doubling, halving and sharing.
Shape, space and size: children can talk about size, weight, capacity, location, distance, time and money in daily language to compare quantity and objects and solve practical problems.
Understanding the world
People and community: children can talk about past and present things in front of their families; Know that other children don't always like the same things; Understand the similarities and differences between yourself and others in family, community and social traditions.
World: children understand similarities and differences related to places, objects, materials and creatures; You can directly talk about the characteristics of your living environment and how they are different from each other; Observing animals and plants can explain why some things happen and talk about changes.
Technology: children can realize that a series of technical means are used to achieve specific goals at home and at school.
Art and design
Explore and use media and materials: children can sing, create music and dance, and try to change their ways; Safely use and explore various materials, tools and technologies, and test the form and function of color, design and texture.
Rich imagination: children use what they have learned to deeply understand the media and materials; I can express my thoughts and feelings through design, art, music, dance and role-playing.
Four guiding principles
In addition, EYFS also puts forward four guiding principles that should be applied in children's early growth, covering the education and care of all children, including children with special educational needs and disabled children. Understanding these four principles can make parents and early educators more scientific and inclusive in early education.
1. Every child is unique. They can acquire knowledge in the process of continuous learning and become flexible, self-respecting and confident.
2. Children can become strong and independent through positive interpersonal relationships.
3. Children can learn and develop better in an environment conducive to meeting needs and accumulating experience.
Children improve their learning speed in different ways.