Was there a champion in Zhoushan in ancient times? I don't know.
Will Zhang Die Bees Count in 2003?
Found it: 888/zsgj/wstd/list.asp? id=985
The death of top scholar Zhang Xin
Zhoushan CPPCC literature and history Committee
Zhang Xin made an unprecedented contribution to Zhoushan Imperial Examination. He won the first prize and was the only one among the 44 Zhoushan Jinshi accumulated in past dynasties.
In Qing Dynasty, there was a scholar Zhao Yutang at the foot of Moxinling Mountain in Daishan Gaoting. In the 17th year of Guangxu (189 1), I entered the middle school at the age of 8/kloc-0. The Governor of Zhejiang Province and the Political Advisor reported it to the emperor when he read and read that his hair turned white. Therefore, Zhao Yutang became a juror by imperial decree. He died at the age of 87. However, Zhang Xin was only 22 years old when she won the first prize, which is roughly equivalent to the age of today's "sophomore" students. It is really "horseshoe disease".
There is a champion bridge in Dinghai. The Qing dynasty "Siming altar master" contains:
Zhuangyuan Bridge is located in the southeast of the city. The Champion Bridge is the beginning of the unknown. Zhang Xin, a native of the city, was born in the right place. In the twenty-seventh year of Hongwu, he was the top scholar in the letter fruit and the first in the bridge. Or cloud, three years, make Wang Ruanjian. Clouds are carved on the stone fences on both sides: "People cross the bridge, and the champion is born at this time." So there is the famous bridge.
The above words are about the Champion Bridge, which is located in the southeast of the city. I wonder when it was built. It happened that Zhang Xin was born nearby and won the championship, which made the name of the bridge consistent with the facts. Another way of saying this is that this bridge was built by Wang Ruan, the county magistrate of Guo Chang in the Song Dynasty. Because the stone pillars on both sides of the bridge read the couplet "When people cross the bridge, the champion will come out at this time", it is called the champion bridge.
The champion is not an official position.
In the imperial examination, the first place is Yuan, after having obtained the provincial examination is the first place (for example), the imperial examination is the first place Huiyuan, and palace examination is the first scholar.
Where did the name of the champion come from? Under the system of the Tang dynasty, all candidates who sent people to Beijing had to hand in their papers, because the first one who came was called "the first", which is also commonly known as the champion.
In the Tang Dynasty, Li Ao's daughter saw an article by Lu Chu, a scholar, and thought he would win the first prize. Li Ao chose Lu Chu as his son-in-law, and later Lu Guo won the first prize. On the wedding night, make a "makeup poem":
I will travel to Yujing last year.
The first fairy made a head.
Today, I am fortunate to be Qin Jinhui.
Make up the early education couple downstairs.
In the first year (at the age of twenty-one), Zhang Xin won Yingtianfu Jieyuan, that is, won the first place in the jury, and the champion was the first among the Jinshi. In the Tang Dynasty, all those who were promoted to Jinshi were sent to Beijing by local authorities, so Xiangyan named Xie Yuan as the first name after having obtained the provincial examination.
In this regard, Zhang Xin is indeed a real leader, and it is unlikely to be mixed with factors such as fraud and "back door". Besides, he was born in poverty, with no money to manage and no right to rely on.
"Ming History" "Biography? Mao: In the twenty-seventh year of Hongwu ... In March, Gengzi was born to Zhang Xin and other scholars.
The champion will be sealed again, and it must be beside the emperor. Zhang Xin was appointed editor of the Hanlin Academy.
Officially signed Hanlin Academy, the original site was in the Tang Dynasty. It was originally a place of worship for various cultures and arts. In the Song Dynasty, it was called the Hanlin Academy, just like the officials in charge of astronomy, calligraphy, painting, medical officials, and even the royal chef, tea and wine.
Zhang Xin's official product is about six and a half products, and his specific responsibility is to "choose words and examine hospital affairs." It should be Zhu Yuanzhang's assistant officer, perhaps a consultant, staff officer and secretary.
Three years later, Zhang Xin was promoted to be an assistant lecturer. In the Tang Dynasty, he was awarded a bachelor's degree in Jixian College and a bachelor's degree in Hanlin College. The position is to teach the history of documents and prepare for the monarch's adviser.
In the Song Dynasty, imperial academy was set up along the ruins, and he was awarded a bachelor's degree, followed by a higher-level official in imperial academy. Both of them were literary scholars of other officials.
However, there is no "other official" in Zhang Xin's post. At this time, the official product is about positive five products.
Everything is satisfactory. As the top scholar, as the saying goes, he is a pupil of the son of heaven. Zhu Yuanzhang cultivated the young Zhang Xin into a good prospect.
In his allusions, Yu Shang, a scholar in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, wrote:
Mao taught Zhang Xin and Dai Deyi to study, saying, "The official Hanlin should know everything, although he talks about ideas. Yesterday, Lu Zhi, Cui Qun and Li Jiang's disciples were in Hanlin, which made sense and enriched the time, which was known to future generations. You should take the ancients as your guide and don't feel guilty about using them. "
Zhu Yuanzhang told Zhang Xin (Zhang Xin's official position is "assistant minister") and Dai that although you are officials in imperial academy, you should know everything. Lu Zhi, Cui Qun, Jiang Li and others in the Tang Dynasty were all officials in imperial academy. They were able to discuss current affairs with correct opinions, which could enrich the times and make themselves immortal in the future. I hope you will follow the example of the ancients and live up to my promotion and expectations.
This Dai Deyi and Zhang Xin can be described as fellow villagers, Fenghua people in Zhejiang Province, and scholars in the Hongwu Dynasty. He "directly shocked the DPRK", promoted the supervision of the imperial history, and his writing turned left. The prince arose, consulted with Wang Zicheng and Qi Tai, and held a stalemate day and night, all of whom died later.
The imperial examination is held every three years. In the 30th year of Hongwu (1397), the imperial court held an examination, with Liu Sanwu as the main examiner.
Liu Sanwu, a native of Chaling (now Hunan), was born in 13 13, about sixty years older than Zhang Xin. In Yuan Dynasty, he served as deputy director of Jingjiang Taoism and Confucianism. Ming Bing went to Guangxi, and he went back to Chaling. In the eighteenth year of Hongwu (1385), 72-year-old Liu Sanwu began to be an official in the Ming Dynasty, and moved from Zuozan to Lei Shan, where he received a bachelor's degree from the Imperial Academy, which was very popular with Zhu Yuanzhang.
Zhu Yuanzhang's "Da Gao" and "Hong Fan Zhu" are all three points. The compilation of books such as Shenggong Lu, Shuzhuan, Tianxia Tongzhi and Ritual Collection is also very generous. Three years later, as I get older and less talented, I often can't say what I want, but my manners are fading.
This time, at the age of 84, he and Ji Xindao will take part in the examiner ("Ji Shan" is the official title of Bai Xindao. In the Ming Dynasty, the teacher of the Prince of the East Palace was called "Zanshan", and the teacher of the Prince was called "Jishan". Song Cong of Taihe, Zhejiang Province was the first. Other applicants are Jiangnan talents such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Fujian, which makes the candidates in the Central Plains and Northwest China complain that the examiners from the south are biased towards Jiangnan people and the admission is unfair.
Zhu Yuanzhang was so angry that he ordered Zhang Xin and other six or seven people to reread the papers.
For Zhang Xin, the tragedy happened in this matter.
First of all, there is a shortcoming of "personalization" in evaluating candidates' papers, so a collective team is usually set up. For Liu Sanwu, he is just the "examiner" and your deputy. As far as our time is concerned, critical articles will form a "jury" and try to be fair.
Secondly, as far as the purpose of the imperial examination is concerned, it is not for those who get excellent articles, but to see their own ability to govern the country through articles and test the "strategy theory." In contemporary terms, the imperial examination is to select administrative cadres at or above the county level. Therefore, on this issue, there is a difference between the focus of the long live grandfather and the focus of the examiner. Just like today's selection of female cadres and ethnic minority cadres, sometimes there is a hard percentage.
There are no candidates in the northwest of Central Plains. For the examiner, there are no scholars in the northwest of the Central Plains, but for Zhu Yuanzhang, there are no administrative talents in the northwest of the Central Plains-this is of course unfavorable to politics. Moreover, candidates from the Central Plains and Northwest China have complained everywhere.
Today, in the face of this event that happened more than 600 years ago, we calmly think and reason, but the choice that Zhang Xin, as the top scholar, faces is related to life and death.
In the end, Zhang Xin and others maintained Liu Sanwu's scoring results, which was unacceptable to Zhu Yuanzhang-didn't he know Liu Sanwu's level as an emperor? Or did Zhu Yuanzhang not know that Liu Sanwu's level was higher than Zhang Xin's? Why do you need Zhang Xin, a young junior, to do this again?
Zhang Ji, a scholar in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a famous Seven Wonders:
The red candle stopped at the bridal chamber last night.
Pay tribute to your aunt in front of the Dawn Hall.
Ask her husband in a low voice after makeup.
Is thrush deep and fashionable?
This poem asks Lang Jun in the tone of a bride who is about to meet her in-laws: "Are my eyebrows fashionable?" This poem, titled "To Secretary Zhang on the Eve of the Examination", shows that the literati should listen to the examiner's opinion when they are "on the examination"-can my article "catch up"?
Let's not argue about Liu and Zhang. Even if their level is similar, their level of appreciation and judgment will not be exactly the same. Besides, they are not faced with one test paper, but hundreds of test papers.
Zhu Yuanzhang was furious and showed the highest trick of totalitarian rule:
Zhang Xin, Bai Xindao and others abandoned the city-executing the death penalty in downtown and exposing the body in the street. This is called abandoning the city. Wang Zhi: "Punish people in the city and abandon them to the public."
Song Cong, a candidate from Jiangnan who will be the top scholar, was sentenced to exile-he is innocent, he is just a candidate, and marking papers is the examiner's business. What are his faults and sins?
Liu Sanwu has a great reputation after all. He also participated in the compilation of various national books, which also needed fame. Zhu Yuanzhang didn't kill him, but exiled him on the grounds of age.
There are two other versions of Zhang Xin's examination paper.
One is that in the Hanlin who marked the papers, Zhang Xin was asked to take some papers from poor scholars in the northwest to cater to Zhu Yuanzhang's wishes, but Zhang Xin did not listen;
Second, Zhang Xin was ordered by Liu Sanwu to present the poor part of the northwest scholar's test paper to Zhu Yuanzhang to show that Liu Sanwu was correct.
The possibility of the first statement exists;
There is no possibility of the second statement, because Liu Sanwu is a senior academician-his position is higher than Zhang Xin's assistant, and he is the emperor's favorite, so it is not an easy thing to offend him.
After dealing with Liu Sanwu and Zhang Xin, Zhu Yuanzhang himself took sixty-one Jinshi from the northwest soil.
In the thirty years of Hongwu, he was divided into two groups of scholars, one in spring and the other in summer. As far as the native place of scholars is concerned, one school is in the south and the other is in the north, so it is called "Spring and Summer List" and "North and South List".
In the following year, in the thirty-first year of Hongwu, 1398, Zhu Yuanzhang died and his grandson succeeded to the throne, that is, Wen Jian.
At that time, Zhu Yuanzhang did not seize the position of neutral prince from the vassal States, but made his grandson 〓 the great-grandson of the emperor. He is a little uncertain about this practice, and Liu Sanwu supports him. Now, Zhu Jun has become the emperor, and he certainly won't forget Liu Sanwu.
At the beginning of Wen Jian, Liu Sanwu was recalled by Emperor Wen Jian, suspended his exile, and became an official again.
Song cong stopped exile one or two years later than Liu Sanwu. In Jianwenzhong, he was a proofreader of the Ministry of Punishment, and Xuandezhong was a proofreader and assistant, and died for the official. The content of the review is "in charge of national history", ranking as "editor", and there are about seven official products. During the 30 years from "under construction" (1400 or so) to "Xuandezhong" (1430 or so), Song Cong's official position has not been promoted, which can lead to many speculations. ...
Zhang Xin can't live any longer. His young life really made his hometown people sigh. ...
The fellow villagers brought Zhang Xin's body back from Nanjing ... In the records of Dinghaitang in Guangxu, at least five sites about Zhang Xin were recorded-
Zhang Zhuangyuan's home-in the east of Huiyuan Bridge in the south of the city, where Ming Zhang Xin lives.
In front of Zhuangyuan Square-Zhang Xinzhai, Zhu Shen, the assistant of Chenghua's early sea patrol, and Zhang Zeng, the commander of Du Du, stood in the west of Zhuangyuan Bridge.
Chengxianfang-In the 23rd year of Jiajing, Cheng Nan, Liu En was appointed as a lecturer, provincial judge Zhang Xin, magistrate Zhao and Xu Tan.
Tomb of Zhang Zhuangyuan's father-Taiping Mountain in Bai Quan Zhuang, north of the city.
Champion Zhang Xin's Tomb —— the source of Li Sandan Water Dam in the north of the city.