As night fell, the palace was busy lighting candles, and smoke drifted to the house of the prince and the marquis. 300 Tang poems, Cold Food Festival, allusions, translation of satirical children's poems 100, annotation translation.
At the end of spring, Liu Xufei is everywhere in Chang 'an, and the east wind blows willow branches in the imperial garden at the Cold Food Festival.
As night fell, the palace was busy handing out candles, and smoke curled into the homes of princes and nobles.
Appreciate the opening sentence "Spring City is full of flowers". "Spring City" refers to Chang 'an, the capital of spring. "Flying flowers", that is, petals fall in succession, indicating the late spring season. "Everywhere" constitutes affirmation with double negation, and then writes the charming spring scenery of the whole Chang 'an Liu Xufei. The second sentence, "Cold food, east wind and willow slanting", is about the scenery of the palace garden. "Imperial willow" refers to the willow in the imperial garden. At that time, it was a custom to break the willow door during the Cold Food Festival, and on Qingming Day, the emperor also issued a decree to give the fire of elm willow as a gift to the recent minister to show his favor. Therefore, the poet deliberately cut out the "imperial willow" fluttering in the wind in the infinite spring.
The first two sentences of the poem are written during the day, and the last two sentences are written at night: "When the sun sets, candles are passed in the Han Palace, and light smoke is scattered into the Wuhou House." Sunset is evening. "Han Palace" refers to the imperial palace in the Tang Dynasty. "Five Hou" generally refers to five eunuchs who were sealed on the same day in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Here, the Han Dynasty is used as a metaphor for the Tang Dynasty, alluding to eunuchs who have been favored by the emperor since the middle Tang Dynasty. Every family can't make a fire on the Cold Food Festival, but the palace is an exception. Before dark, the palace was busy distributing candles. In addition to the palace, your near minister can also get this favor. The poem vividly depicts a picture of candles passing by at night with "passing" and "scattering", which makes people see the light of candles and smell the faint smoke. It is a long-standing custom in China to ban fire from cold food, but powerful ministers can make an exception and place candles. The poet made a euphemistic satire on this corrupt political phenomenon.
The second appreciation of cold food is a traditional festival in ancient China. This was decided two days before Tomb-Sweeping Day, which was handed down in the Spring and Autumn Period, by Jin Wengong to commemorate the meson push that burned to death with firewood.
According to Meng Meng's "Records of Arts and Literature", the imperial edict of Dezong was short of talents, so the nomination of the book was omitted for royal approval. Dezong replied, "With Li Han". At that time, there were two Li Han, so Zhongshu Province submitted it in the name of two people at the same time.
Dezong recognized and created Han Yi's Spring City and I wonder how many blossoms were broken. Although this is a well-known story, it shows the widespread spread and appreciation of the poem Cold Food.
This is a satirical poem, but the poet's brushwork is clever and subtle. On the surface, it seems that it only depicts an emotional genre painting in Chang 'an, the Cold Food Festival. In fact, between the lines, we can feel the author's deep dissatisfaction and irony with the powerful eunuch at that time. After the mid-Tang Dynasty, several bad emperors were partial to eunuchs, so that they were in power, corrupted the court affairs and excluded courtiers. The upright people were extremely indignant about this. This poem was written for this purpose.
"The spring city is full of flowers, and the east wind is cold and the willows are oblique." These two sentences describe the scenery of Chang 'an in spring. "Nowhere" means that there are many and wide flowers, and "flying flowers" describes the grand occasion of flowers. Spring has arrived, and the city of Chang 'an is full of flying catkins and colorful scenes. "East wind" refers to the spring breeze, and "willow-bending" refers to the swaying posture of willows in the palace under the spring breeze. The word "oblique" is skillfully used, vividly writing the god of swaying willow branches. This is the daytime scenery of Beijing during the Cold Food Festival. The scenery is from big to small, from the whole city to the palace. Let's continue to write the scene of the palace at night. "Candles are passed in the Han Palace at dusk, and light smoke is scattered into the Hall of the Five Emperors", which means that candles given by the emperor to eunuchs are passed in the palace in the dark. Candles are burning and light smoke is rising. Delicate and graceful lingering in the eunuch's house, Weifujia's momentum is everywhere! People have a feeling of being in full swing and triumphant. Under the rule of feudal customs, let alone the people of the whole city, even if they are not courtiers, I am afraid it will be dark on the cold food night when fireworks and firecrackers are prohibited.
Creative background: the system of the Tang Dynasty. On Qingming Day, the emperor announced that he would take the fire of elm willow as a reward for his recent ministers. This ceremony has two purposes: first, it marks the end of the Cold Food Festival, and fire can be used; The second is to remind courtiers and officials, so that everyone can learn from mesons who have made meritorious deeds. After the mid-Tang Dynasty, several bad emperors favored eunuchs, so that they were in power, corrupted the state affairs and crowded out courtiers. Some people think that this poem was written for this purpose.
Han Yi, a poet in Tang Dynasty. The word Junping was born in Nanyang (now Nanyang, Henan). He is one of the "Top Ten Talents in Dali". Tianbao 13 (754) was admitted as a scholar. Baoying once served in the shogunate, our ambassador to Ziqing, and then Hou returned to Korea and lived in Chang 'an for ten years. When Jian 'an was in middle age, he was appreciated for his poem "Cold Food" and was promoted to the position of a Chinese calligrapher. Han Yi's poems were light in brushwork and unique in scenery, and were widely read at that time. Yi Han
Peach is not fragrant, apricot is not red, cold laughs at the east wind first. Chai Men heard dogs barking and went home on a snowy night. The breeze is blowing towards Mei, so it has no emotional appeal. Avon's clean posture makes the birds jumpy. When the breeze rises, the fragrance will be clear and the weight will not decrease. The autumn wind at night secretly blows the river in the frontier and blows through the mulberry garden, which is bleak. In Yangzhou, the spring breeze blows all over Sanli Long Street. With beaded curtains, no one can match her beauty. Facing the bright moon, black crows are flying, frost is hanging on thousands of trees, and the wind is blowing through our clothes. A lotus slug gives birth to a pool, and the wind in front of the threshold sends fragrance. The west wind withered the green trees last night. A person in a tall building can see the end of the world. Beautiful people who see the bright clouds, think of their clothes and see flowers come to see them. The spring breeze is not lifted, and it is foggy and chaotic. Red tears stole down, full of spring breeze. Wan Li has plenty of clothes in the north wind, and a wild goose flies in the cold night. Try to go to Tongtai Song and Dance Hall. Autumn wind worries about killing people. At the end of the year, a hundred herbs are exhausted, and the high wind Gorkon cracks.