Huang, one of the four surnames of the gentry in the Central Plains, moved south to Fujian. The ancestors who first moved to Fujian were Huang Dun, Huang Daolong, Huang Ying and Huang An, all of whom were from Gushi County, Henan Province. Among them, Huang Daolong entered Fujian at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and settled in Xianyou County, Fujian Province. He was the earliest ancestor of Huang in the Central Plains.
There are five main factions of Huang family in Fujian, namely, Ziyun School, the first meritorious school; Huang's An Public School in Putian, Fujian; Gong Qiao Fujian Huang Heping School; Huqiu Yellow School in Deng Gong, Fujian; Yinggong Fujian Qingshan Huang School. There are also schools of Buddhism and Chungong School in Ningde, which constitute the mainstream of the Huang family in Jiangxia, Fujian, ranking third after Lin and Chen in total.
Huang Zhongying entered Fuzhou Ship Administration School and Liu Gongdao Gun School in his early years, and was the 1 1 graduate of the driving class of the post-ship administration school. Chen Jinglan, Huang, Lin Jinglan, Lin Bingcheng, Zhou, Zhang Haiao, Zhou, Zhuo Dabin and Cai Xinshu graduated from the same session.
After graduating from Liu Gongdao Gun School, Huang Zhongying was sent to Fang Boqian's Jiyuan Ship as a navigator. When the Sino-Japanese War broke out, Huang Zhongying was on board.
According to "Biography of General Zan Hou Gong in the National History Museum of the Republic of China", "... Sino-Japanese War, Middle East strives for agreement, Jiyuan was ordered to lead Weiyuan Guangyi II to Yashan. On the way home, Ying Jiyuan's crew knew that the establishment of the fleet was far less than that of the enemy, and it was impossible to win unless it was outwitted. According to the calendar, the client can't use it to keep the body in front of the fort. When the body was full, Weiyuan Guangyi No.2 ship was scattered by the enemy and could not form a team. In a rage, Zhong Ying helped the captain fight back against their ships, and the wave velocity wound hit their ships Yoshino again, killing his first-class and below officers. He didn't chase them, but Zhong Yingfen had a brainwave and helped him get revenge. In the battle with Jiyuan, he could also prevent clouds ... "
This little-known historical record: Fang Boqian, the captain of Huang Zhongying, fought back against the enemy ship. In the battle of Toyoshima, the strength of the two sides was very different. We arrived in Mifune without preparation. He thinks it is impossible to fight to the death. Unless we outsmart them, there is no way to win. Zhong Ying, fearless and resourceful, helped captain Fang Boqian to lure the enemy to victory with the tactics of "all is fair in war".
After the "Battle of Yashan", the imperial court electrified the award. The news reads as follows: "... Fang Boqian, who was in charge of driving away the economy, fought hard for a long time when he took over the Battle of Yashan, and it was still effective to injure enemy ships with artillery, and was commended by Li Hongzhang. 」
The biography of the Navy Prefect Zan Hou Gong's National History Museum in the Republic of China is shown in the third volume of Huang Family Tree in Qingshan compiled by the historical materials of the Republic of China (19 19), and he learned that he participated in the first Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese naval battle "Yashan Naval Battle". At that time, he was a navigator on the "Jiyuan" ship. In times of crisis, he advised and helped Captain Fang Boqian turn defeat into victory, and was commended by the Qing court.
As can be seen from the above historical data, it was not easy for us to turn defeat into victory in the "Yashan naval battle" in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, when the strength of the enemy and the enemy were very different and the situation was very unfavorable, which was inseparable from Huang Zhongying's calm response and tactics of outwitting him. This historical plot, when recorded in the annals of the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, will let the world know that the Japanese people can't be bullied.
In the 25th year of Guangxu (1899), Huang Zhongying was transferred to Eagle and Fu Jing as gunners.
Since the 28th year of Guangxu (1902), he has worked as a mechanic, driver and helper for various ships.
In the 30th year of Guangxu (1904), it was promoted to "Flying Eagle" ship management belt.
In the thirty-third year of Guangxu (1907), he served as the management belt of Jing Qing and the staff officer of the Navy Department.
In September, 19 1 1 was changed to "sea domain".
In the third year of Xuantong (19 1 1), after the Wuchang Uprising broke out, the Qing army went south on a large scale and attacked the revolutionary army in central Hubei. SaZhenBing, commander of the Qing navy, led the Yangtze River Fleet to the Wuhan River. Seeing that the army sympathized with the revolution, he abandoned the ship and went to Shanghai in the name of treating diseases. During the Wuchang Uprising of the Revolution of 1911, the fleet was ordered to assemble in Wuhan, and the two sides discussed what to do. Huang Zhongying served as commander of the temporary fleet and led the fleet to Jiujiang. Huang Zhongying inspired his soldiers to be loyal to the revolution, and everyone was very excited, so he put up a white flag, and his fellow ships led the way. Huang Zhongying led the flotilla uprising and organized the Lu Haijun Joint Committee together with Jiujiang Army Rebels.
After Huang Zhongying led the ship uprising, he did several things for the Revolution of 1911:
First, participate in Anqing, Jiangxi to quell the chaos. During the Revolution of 1911, Huang, a warlord from Jiangxi Province, took the opportunity to launch a riot in Anqing and wantonly looted it. Huang Zhongying was ordered to lead Li Liejun, commander of "Hai Qiu" aircraft carrier "Jiujiang", and his troops to Anqing to quell the riot. After Li Liejun led the troops ashore, Huang Zhongying stayed on board to guard the river. In order to take strict precautions, Huang Zhongying did not rest for several days and nights. Due to the cooperation between land and water, Anqing rebellion was put down.
Second, go to Datong (Tongling, Anhui) to appease the soldiers and civilians. At that time, although Anhui declared independence, the governor lived up to expectations and had left. Huang Zhongying led "Hai Qiu" and other ships to support central Anhui, and went to Datong (Tongling) to appease the soldiers and civilians.
Third, lead the ship to attack Nanjing. After Anhui was pacified, Huang Zhongying led the First Fleet to attack Nanking, and Zhang Xun led the Qing army. Zhang Xun and his men were afraid of the power of naval guns, and ran northward.1October 2 (65438+February 2) recaptured Nanking.
Fourth, lead the fleet back to the north of the Yangtze River to support the Wuchang revolutionary regime. In the third year of Xuantong (191), the Qing army invaded Hankou on September 1 1 day,1October 8 (65438+1October 27). Received a telegram from Li, saying, "Hanyang was attacked at dusk and needed help urgently." Huang Zhongying immediately led the fleet back to the north of the Yangtze River and anchored in Qingshan to observe the movement of the Hankou North Army. The next day, Li was ordered to destroy the first and second railway bridges that the Qing army had to go south. Huang Zhongying informed the whole army of the order and designated three ships, namely "Hai Rong", "Hai Chou" and "Hai Chen", to bomb in turn every day. Thanks to the assistance of the fleet, the situation was stabilized. Later, he led warships such as "Hai Rong", "Hai Chou" and "Hai Chen" to the east and anchored at Gaochang Temple, so as to stop for repairs and obey the orders of Hou Northern Expedition.
19 1 1 65438 In February, Huang Zhongying was elected as the deputy commander of the navy for his outstanding military exploits.
Soon, a truce was proposed, and representatives of various ships elected Cheng Biguang as commander-in-chief and Zhong Ying as deputy commander of Shanghai. Because Bi Guang didn't come back in England, Zhong Ying was appointed as Acting Commander-in-Chief.
1911115 President Sun Yat-sen appointed Huang Xing as the chief of the army, the second chief of the navy, the second chief, Wu as the chief of justice and Lu Zhiyi as the second chief.
In the first year of the Republic of China (1 912) 65438+10/0/,the Nanjing National Government was established, with Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the founding father, as interim president and Commander-in-Chief of Ren Haijun, Huang Zhongying. At that time, representatives of the North and South factions were conducting peace talks in Shanghai. Huang Zhongying thought that Yuan Shikai was scheming and the future of the peace talks was not optimistic, so he sent Tang Xiangming as the commander to lead the Northern Expedition fleet composed of four ships, namely Hai Rong, Hai Chou, Hai Chen and Chen Nan, to support and develop the revolutionary forces of the Northern Expedition. The Northern Expedition Fleet departed from Nanjing and sailed for Yantai via Shanghai. By the time the Northern Expedition fleet arrived in Yantai, Yantai had already announced the recovery and promoted Wang Chuanjiong, the captain of the "Dance Phoenix", as the viceroy. "Dancing Phoenix" is a traffic ship with no fighting capacity. The Northern Expedition Fleet went to Yantai to strengthen the revolutionary strength and momentum, and also recovered Dengzhou and coastal areas with the revolutionary army. Later, the Northern Expedition Fleet anchored in Yantai until the end of the North-South peace talks.
After the establishment of the Nanjing government, Huang Zhongying was determined to rectify the navy, set up a propaganda group with the battalion, and edited and published the Military Vernacular Propaganda Book.
"Navy Memorabilia" contains: the first year of the Republic of China, the new moon is positive, and the solar calendar is recorded. 1 month 1 day, namely191year1month 13, the third year of Qing Xuantong. The Nanjing Provisional Government was established, with Sun Yat-sen as interim president, Huang Zhongying Ren Haijun as chief, and Tang Xiang Ren Haijun as chief. Taking the meaning of harmony among the five ethnic groups, the red, yellow, blue, white and black five-color flag is the national flag of the Republic of China, the right corner of the red flag is inlaid with blue sky and white light, and the twelve rays of the sun are the navy flag.
191265438+1On October 5th, Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the father of our country, convened the first State Council. Naval commander, Minister of Education Jing Yaoyue, Minister of Education Cai Yuanpei, Minister of Finance Chen Jintao, Minister of Finance Wang, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Chief of Staff Huang Xing attended the meeting. And leave historical photos. After the reunification of North and South, Sun Yat-sen resigned as the temporary president, Yuan Shikai became the president, and Huang Zhongying was not wooed by him. After Sun Yat-sen, he also invited himself to be dismissed, with Liu Guanxiong as the chief of staff and Tang as the second. After repeated detention by the imperial court and Liu Guanxiong, Huang Zhongying was relieved of the post of commander-in-chief and remained as commander-in-chief at sea to maintain the overall situation. At this time, Huang Zhongying is still committed to clean up the navy.
19121kloc-0/October 28th, due to overwork, Huang Zhongying suddenly vomited blood all over the basin, so he asked for leave. 1October 165438+ was awarded the rank of lieutenant general. On February 4, 65438+, he died at the age of 43. On February 28th, 65438, Sun Yat-sen went to Shanghai to attend Huang Zhongying's memorial service and delivered a speech. Sun Yat-sen's elegy is: "Make the Republic of China as big as possible, create difficulties, and hope for the south;" There are only a few fingers, and they are old and dry, and they are sad to ask about East Asian sea power. " He spoke highly of Huang Zhongying's life.