1. The Enlightenment Choice of Children's Tang Poetry
Spring Morning
Meng Haoran [Tang Dynasty]
Sleeping sickness in spring unconsciously broke the morning, and the chirping of birds disturbed my sleep.
How many flowers fall after a stormy night.
translate
I don't know when I slept soundly in the spring night, but I heard birds singing everywhere when I woke up.
Remember last night when the wind was tight and the rain was heavy, I don't know how many flowers I knocked down?
Make an appreciative comment
The poem "Spring Dawn" was written by the poet when he lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain, and the artistic conception is very beautiful. The poet seized the moment when he just woke up in the spring morning to describe and associate, vividly expressing the poet's love and pity for spring. This poem does not use the general technique of directly describing the immediate spring scene, but captures the typical spring breath through the "spring dawn" (spring morning) when he wakes up instantly, expressing his feelings of loving and cherishing spring.
The first two sentences of this poem were written by a poet who didn't know it was dawn because of his dream on a spring night. When he woke up, he heard birds singing everywhere outside the house. The poet cherishes ink as gold, and expresses the vibrant scene of Chunxiao with only one sentence: "Birds are singing around". However, people can know that it is the cheerful songs of these birds that awaken the lazy and sleepy poet. It is conceivable that it is already a beautiful spring outside the house at this time, and we can appreciate the poet's praise for spring.
It is this lovely scene of spring dawn that makes the poet naturally turn to the association of the third sentence and the fourth sentence in the poem: I heard a burst of rain last night, and now how many flowers are shaken in the courtyard? Linked to the first two sentences of the poem, this night's storm is not a storm, but a gentle breeze and drizzle, which sends the poet into a sweet dream and cleans the morning brighter, which is not hateful. But in the end, it will shake off the spring flowers and take them away. Therefore, the phrase "I don't know how many flowers have been folded" implies the poet's faint sadness and infinite reverie about the passing of spring scenery.
Ye Shaoweng, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote a poem "Don't Meet in the Garden", which is a famous sentence from ancient times to the present. In fact, there are * * * similarities in writing with Xiao Chun. Ye Shi introduced people into the wall, let people imagine through a visual image, and went out of the wall from an apricot; Meng's poems lead people out of their homes and make people imagine through auditory images. With only a few strokes, I wrote a prosperous spring with good weather and strange rain. Both poems show that abundant spring is unstoppable. You see, didn't it break through the wall of the house, show it in front of your eyes and linger in your ears?
Shi Buhua said, "Poetry is literature, not expensive." This little poem is only four lines and twenty crosses, but it is full of twists and turns when written. The first word "spring" points out the season and writes the sweetness of spring sleep. "Unconsciousness" is vague unconsciousness. On this warm spring night, the poet slept so soundly that the sunshine came to the window and the sweet dream woke up. It shows the poet's joy in loving spring. The second sentence is about spring scenery, and birds sing in the early morning of spring. "Everywhere" means everywhere. Birds are noisy in the branches, which is a vibrant scene. "Smelling birds" means "smelling birds". In order to rhyme, the word order of ancient poems has been properly adjusted. Three sentences turned into memories, and the poet recalled the drizzling spring rain last night. The last sentence came back to my eyes, thinking of the scene where the spring flowers were beaten by the wind and rain. From happy spring to cherishing spring, the poet pinned his love for spring on the sigh of falling flowers. Love is extremely precious, and cherishing spring means loving spring-that misty spring rain also attracted the poet's attention to flowers and trees. The leap of time, the alternation of wind and rain, and the subtle changes of feelings are all very interesting and can bring endless interest to people.
Xiao Chun's language is simple and natural, and there is no trace of artificial carving. In a shallow sense, the scenery is real, just like a clear spring flowing from the depths of the poet's heart, crystal clear, full of the poet's life and beating the poet's pulse. Reading it, just like drinking refined mash, makes you feel drunk. Poets find the true taste and essence of nature through feeling and understanding. "The article is natural and wonderful." This is the most natural poem and the voice of nature.
2. Selection of Early Childhood Tang Poetry Enlightenment
Eight sides fortress
Du Fu [Tang Dynasty]
During the Three Kingdoms period, you made unparalleled achievements, and you gained a permanent reputation by invading. (Ming Cheng Zuo Yi: Gao Ming)
This river won't divert the stones from your disposal, and you will always regret that you will destroy Wu's unwise.
translate
You have made great achievements in the Three Kingdoms, created an eight-array map, and achieved permanent fame.
Despite the impact of the river, the stone remained intact. The thousand-year regret lies in Liu Bei's blunder in swallowing Wu.
Make an appreciative comment
This is a poem dedicated to Zhuge Liang when the author first arrived in Kuizhou (governing Fengjie, now Chongqing). Written in the first year of Dali (766). "Eight arrays" refers to the military drills and combat arrays composed of eight arrays of heaven, earth, wind, clouds, dragons, tigers, birds and snakes, which embodies his outstanding military talents.
"The divided Three Kingdoms are bound by his greatness, and the Bamianbao is built on his reputation." The first two sentences of this little poem say that you have made great achievements in the Three Kingdoms, created the Eight Arrays, and achieved permanent fame.
These two sentences praised Zhuge Liang's great achievements. The first sentence was written from a general point of view, saying that Zhuge Liang made the most outstanding achievements in the process of establishing a situation in which Wei Shuwu was divided into three parts and stood on its own feet. Of course, there are many factors for the coexistence of the three countries, and Zhuge Liang's assistance to Liu Bei in establishing the inheritance of Shu from scratch should be said to be one of the important reasons. Du Fu's highly generalized praise objectively reflected the historical truth of the Three Kingdoms period. In the second sentence, from a specific aspect, Zhuge Liang's eight-array map made him famous. The ancients praised this point, and Du Fu's poem praised Zhuge Liang's military achievements more intensively and concisely.
These two poems are written in antithetical sentences, and the overall contributions of The Three Kingdoms and Eight Arrays to the military are exquisite, neat and natural. Structurally, the first sentence really mentioned, cut to the chase; After the period, I wrote a poem to further praise the achievements, and also paved the way for the memorial relics behind.
"Next to this ever-changing river, there stands a stone, which is his sadness that he failed to conquer the State of Wu." These two sentences express their feelings about the site of "Eight Arrays". The site of "Eight Arrays Map" is located on the flat sand in front of Yong 'an Palace in southwest Kuizhou. According to Liu Yuxi's "Jingzhou Painting Vice" and "Jia", the eight arrays here are all made of fine stones, five feet high and sixty yards around, arranged in sixty-four piles, which remain unchanged. Even if it is flooded in summer, everything will be lost in winter, but the eight stone piles will remain unchanged for 600 years. The first sentence writes the magic of the relic very concisely. "Stones don't turn", use the poem "My heart is full of stones, so I can't turn" in The Book of Songs, National Style and White Boat. In the author's view, this magical color is intrinsically related to Zhuge Liang's spiritual mind: his loyalty to the Shu-Han regime and the great cause of reunification is firm and unshakable. At the same time, the existence of this scattered and recovered eight-array stone pile, which has remained unchanged for many years, seems to symbolize Zhuge Liang's regret for his dying ambition. Therefore, the last sentence written by Du Fu was "saying that he never conquered Wu", saying that Liu Bei's swallowing Wu was a mistake, which destroyed Zhuge Liang's fundamental strategy of resistance and made the great cause of reunification fall by the wayside, which became an eternal regret.
Of course, this poem is not so much "lingering hatred" for Zhuge Liang as Du Fu's regret for Zhuge Liang, and this regret is permeated with Du Fu's depressed feelings of "self-mutilation and death" (Huang).
This quatrain of nostalgia has the characteristics of integrating discussion into poetry. But this argument is not empty and abstract, but vivid and lyrical. The poet combines nostalgia with narration, giving people a feeling of endless hatred and meaning.
3. Selection of Early Childhood Tang Poetry Enlightenment
Vacation in the mountains reminds me of my brothers in Shandong.
Wang Wei [Tang Dynasty]
I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays.
When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me.
Make an appreciative comment
Wang Wei is a precocious writer. He wrote many excellent poems when he was young. This poem was written when he was seventeen. Different from his later landscape poems, which are rich in painting and exquisite in composition and color, this lyric poem is very simple.
This poem describes the homesickness of a wanderer. At the beginning of the poem, I cut into the theme and wrote about the loneliness and sadness of living in a foreign land. Therefore, I always miss my hometown and people, and I miss them even more when I meet a festive occasion. Then the poem jumps to writing a brother who is far away from home. When they climbed the mountain according to the custom of the Double Ninth Festival, they also missed themselves. Poetry jumps repeatedly, implicative and deep, simple and natural, tortuous and changeable. Among them, "I miss my relatives twice during the festive season" is a famous sentence throughout the ages.
"Being a stranger alone in a foreign land" begins with the poet's loneliness in a foreign land. The poet used one word "independence" and two words "difference" in this short sentence, which shows that the poet has a strong feeling of living in a different place. The lonelier he is outside, the more he misses his relatives in his hometown. In the feudal society at that time, the traffic was blocked, people lived a self-sufficient life, and there was little communication between regions, so people in different places had great differences in customs, living habits, language and so on. Therefore, the poet left his hometown where he had lived for many years and naturally felt strange and lonely. The poet described his life in a foreign land flatly, but it contained his simple thoughts and feelings.
If the feeling of homesickness on weekdays may not be so strong, then the poet "misses his relatives twice during the festive season." "Festival" is a day when relatives get together to talk and laugh. Now, the poet lives alone in a different place. On the festival of reunion, he can't help thinking of people and things in his hometown, mountains and rivers, and other good memories of the poet when he was in his hometown. All kinds of memories lead to the poet's infinite homesickness, and the more he thinks about it, the more he misses it, so that it is out of control. This sentence is very natural and simple, such as eloquence, and it also writes a lot of real feelings of wandering outside, which is very representative.
The first two sentences can be said to be the direct method of artistic creation. There was almost no detour, but went straight to the core, which quickly formed a climax with epigrams. However, this kind of writing often makes the last two sentences unsustainable, resulting in insufficient stamina. If the last two sentences of this poem extend in a straight line along the line of "I miss my relatives more during the festive season", it must be a snake's foot; It is also difficult to find new ideas and form a new climax. The author takes another approach: with the torrent of emotion, a rippling lake appears, which seems calm, but it is actually deeper.
"Knowing the place where distant brothers climb mountains", the poet directly expressed his thoughts, and turned to family reunion, imagining how happy the brothers were when they took Cornus officinalis to climb mountains on the Double Ninth Festival. If the poet only thinks about the happiness of his loved ones, it can alleviate the poet's homesickness. However, the poet wrote at the end that "one person was missing when planting dogwood". It turns out that the poet didn't think about happiness, but he didn't spend the holidays with his relatives in his hometown, so his relatives will find that one person is missing when planting dogwood, so their relatives will definitely miss me. This is tortuous and unnatural. And this unusual place is precisely its deep place, where the new police world lies. Du Fu's Moonlit Night: "For our boys and girls, poor little babies, it's too young to know where the capital is" is similar to these two sentences, but Wang Shi doesn't seem to be so focused.
4. Selection of Early Childhood Tang Poetry Enlightenment
Children fishing
Hu Lingneng [Tang Dynasty]
A child with unkempt hair and immature face is learning to fish by the river. He is sitting sideways in the grass, and his shadow is set off by weeds.
Hearing the voice of passers-by, the child waved, afraid to disturb the fish and dare not respond to passers-by.
translate
A child with unkempt hair and immature face learned to fish by the river, sitting sideways on the moss and covered with green grass.
Hearing passers-by asking for directions, he waved at a distance, afraid to respond to passers-by for fear of disturbing the fish.
Make an appreciative comment
Fishing for Children is a poem about children's life. This poem describes a "unkempt young boy" learning to fish, "sitting on one side, raspberries and moss reflecting his body". Passers-by waved to the child and wanted to ask him some questions, but the child was "too scared to surprise others" (he didn't say a word for fear of scaring the fish). It's really vivid, vivid, both in form and spirit, and full of fun. His artistic achievements are no less than Du Mu's poem Qingming.
This poem is divided into two layers: fishing and asking for directions. The first and second sentences focus on fishing (form), and the third and fourth sentences focus on asking for directions (emoticon).
The first sentence and the second sentence, children, children also. "Pengtou" describes its appearance and highlights the innocence of children. "Nylon" is a fishing line, and "hanging nylon" means "fishing" in the title, which means fishing. The poet did not whitewash the fisherman's appearance, but wrote the true face of Shan Ye's unkempt hair, which made people feel natural, lovely and authentic. "Learning" is the eye of this poem. The child is a beginner in fishing, so he is very careful. The posture of "sitting on the side" when fishing reflects the physical and behavioral scenes, such as in front of you. "Sitting sideways" means sitting down at will. Sitting on the edge, rather than sitting firmly, is in line with the mentality of children learning this way for the first time. It is also conceivable that children are absorbed in fishing in an informal way. "Berry moss" generally refers to low-level plants that grow in wet places near the ground. From Berry Moss, we can not only know that the place where children choose to fish is a place where the sun is scarce and inaccessible, but also an ideal fishing place where fish are not frightened and people are not exposed to the sun, which paves the way for the following sentence "People should not be frightened by fish". "Grass mirror" is not only a portrait of a child, but also directly related to the next sentence "passers-by ask questions"-passers-by ask questions to children just because they are visible.
The subject of the last two sentences of "remote waving" is still a child. When passers-by asked, the children did not dare to answer the fish, waving at a distance and not answering. This is a description of children from two aspects: action and psychology, with calculation, strategy, alertness and intelligence. The reason why children use actions instead of answers is that they are afraid of scaring the fish away. The child's action is "waving from a distance", which shows that the child is not indifferent to the questions of passers-by. How children whisper to passers-by after "waving" is the imagination of readers, and there is no need for poets to explain. So after explaining the reason of "waving from afar", this poem came to an abrupt end.
In Tang poetry, there are few themes about children, so they are valuable. This poem about children's fishing has a special interest. There is no gorgeous color and deliberate carving in the poem, just like a beautiful hibiscus, which reveals a little innocence, infinite childlike interest and a little concentration in the plain and simple narrative. This poem can be said to be a masterpiece about children.
5. Selection of Early Childhood Tang Poetry Enlightenment
Quatrain
Du Fu [Tang Dynasty]
"Two orioles sing green willows, and egrets cover the sky."
My window framed the snow-covered western hills. My door often says "goodbye" to ships sailing eastward.
translate
Two orioles sang among the green willows, and a line of egrets went straight into the blue sky.
Sitting by the window, you can see the Millennium snow in Xiling, and ships from Dongwu, thousands of miles away, are parked in front of the door.
Make an appreciative comment
This poem "Jueju" was written when the poet lived in Huanhuaxi Caotang, Chengdu, and described the beautiful spring scenery around the Caotang.
Poetry cuts in with vibrant natural beauty, creating a fresh and relaxed atmosphere. In the first two sentences, the poet described this beautiful scene in an implicit way from different angles. Cui is new green, which is the color when everything recovers and germinates in early spring. "Two" and "one" are relative; Horizontal and vertical, it opens a very beautiful natural landscape. In this poem, the word "Ming" is the most vivid, and the oriole is described more vividly by anthropomorphic methods, and a hundred birds are paired, which constitutes a picture full of vitality and festive atmosphere. The oriole sings on the willow, which is the vitality of moistening things quietly. The next sentence is about the anger of nature, which is more obvious. Egrets flying in this fresh sky is not only a comfort of freedom, but also an upward struggle. Furthermore, the first sentence says that the oriole sings on the willow, and the next sentence says that the egrets fly to the sky, which broadens the space a lot. From bottom to top, from near to far, the poet's tangible vitality fills the whole environment and shows the prosperity of early spring from another angle.
In the third sentence, "The window contains autumn snow in Xiling", the poet looks out of the window, because the air is fresh and the sun is shining in early spring, and he can see the snow-capped mountains in Xiling. The last two sentences have pointed out that it was early spring, and the autumn snow in winter wanted to melt, giving readers a moist feeling. There is a word "containing" between "window" and "snow" in this sentence, which shows that when the first snow melts, moisture wets the frozen window lattice in winter, which can better write the poet's feelings about the vitality with moisture in early spring. "Xiling" means that when the poet saw the first snow melting in front of the window, he thought of Xiling near the thatched cottage and the long snow on Xiling Mountain, and replaced the residual snow on the window with the snow on Xiling Mountain, which made the artistic conception more extensive. In addition, the poet has the ambition to serve the country since he was a teenager. After decades of obstacles, he finally had the opportunity to re-exhibit, and the years of war were put down. This is the same as the poet's thought of Xiling when he saw the melting snow in front of the window, and replaced the residual snow on the window with the Millennium snow on the ridge, thus giving the poet a stubborn sense of melting snow.
The last sentence further described Du Fu's complicated mood at that time. When the ship came from "Wu Dong", this sentence means that the war has been decided, the traffic has resumed, and the poet misses his hometown when he sees things. The use of the word "berth" has its profound meaning. Du Fu has been wandering for many years without landing. Although there is still a little hope in his heart, that hope has been greatly reduced. The word "Bo" just describes the poet's complex mood between hope and disappointment. While "Wan Li" implies the difficulty of achieving the goal, which is juxtaposed with "Qian Qiu" in the third sentence and describes the difficulty of achieving the goal in time and space. Sun Quan of the Three Kingdoms has been praised by many scholars as the wise master since ancient times. The author refers to Sun Quan as the representative of Dongwu, alluding to Du Fu's hope for the emperor of the dynasty. The combination of "Bo", "Wan Li" and "Dongwu Ship" is precisely to write the word "Nan".
The whole poem seems to be four independent scenes, but the poet's inner feelings make its content consistent, and the fresh and elegant scenery entrusts the poet's inner complex emotions and forms a unified artistic conception. At first, he showed the spring scenery of the thatched cottage, and the poet's mood was Tao Ran. However, with the wandering of sight and the change of scenery, the appearance of river boats touched his homesickness. On the surface, it is a vibrant picture, but in the cheerful and bright scene, it entrusts the poet with the loss of time, loneliness and boredom, and also writes the poet's complex mood when there is a glimmer of hope. Beyond that kind of hope, it is more the poet's sadness about disappointment.