1, new mothers need to read more books on maternal and child care before and after delivery and learn some basic knowledge of maternal and child care, so that they can be more at ease and comfortable when caring for themselves and their babies.

2, the new mother should be prepared to be a mother, especially when the baby is born, the mother should be prepared before breastfeeding, and its correct breastfeeding posture. And also do a good job of nursing after breastfeeding. Only proper cleaning can avoid nipple infection.

3, umbilical care. Closely observe whether there is bleeding or bleeding in the umbilical region. If there is oozing blood or bleeding, it can be compressed to stop bleeding or re-ligated. Pay attention to keep the local area clean and dry in daily care, and break the umbilical cord again after 24 hours under aseptic operation. Wipe the umbilical cord stump and umbilical wheel with 95% ethanol after daily bathing.

4. Observe vomiting closely. Fetuses swallow more amniotic fluid during delivery, and newborns often vomit within 1~2 days after birth. Pay attention to the frequency of vomiting, the nature and color of vomit. A newborn with vomiting should lie on its side. Newborns who vomit should postpone breastfeeding and should not change diapers immediately after breastfeeding.

Tips for parenting in winter

Winter is not suitable for weaning.

Weaning changes the baby's eating habits, so that the baby will starve for a while because of inadaptability, thus reducing immunity. Winter is the peak of the occurrence and prevalence of respiratory infectious diseases, and babies are prone to get sick. After getting sick, their appetite will be more seriously affected and their resistance will be reduced again. This kind of repetition will cause a vicious circle and affect growth. Furthermore, 10- 12-month-old baby's digestive system is not completely perfect, and his teeth are not complete, so he can't chew and digest food well, and adding complementary food will also be limited by seasons. Therefore, it is necessary to insist on weaning until spring blossoms, so that the baby can easily and safely spend the weaning period.

Beware of nosebleeds in winter.

In winter, it is windy and rainy, and the air is dry. The water in the baby's nasal mucosa evaporates quickly, and the elasticity of the capillary wall decreases, making it very fragile. If the blood vessels are strongly shaken, they are more likely to rupture and bleed. If the baby feels dry nose from time to time, you can gently wipe it with a towel or cotton dipped in warm boiling water, or you can smoke it with steam of boiling water. Once nosebleed happens, stop bleeding immediately.

Infant winter care

In winter, it is especially necessary to strengthen the baby's physical exercise, improve the baby's physique and prevent asthma; Virus infection is more common in winter. If the baby has fever, fatigue, anorexia, headache, abdominal pain and other symptoms, in order to prevent one thousand, it is necessary to check in time. Pay attention to cold protection in winter, and remote control Yuba heater and bathroom heater are all good choices; Remember to apply appropriate lotion to your baby, and pay attention to lightness when applying it; When the weather turns cold, it is necessary to develop good hygiene habits such as keeping your baby warm, washing your hands and drinking more water.

Winter diet

In winter, in order to improve children's cold resistance and disease resistance, in addition to strengthening exercise, we should also rationally distribute diet, supplement calories, improve children's cold resistance and let children spend the cold winter.

Supplementing heat: Children dissipate more heat in winter, so be sure to supplement enough heat to improve their ability to keep out the cold. For example, give them more foods with fat and protein or foods with high carbohydrate content, such as meat, eggs and sweet potatoes.

Reasonable nutrition: Pay more attention to children's nutrition in winter. In addition to supplementing protein and minerals, we should eat more vegetables and fruits with high content of carotene, vitamin B2 and vitamin C, which is also helpful for the nutritional digestion and absorption of meat and eggs. Such as carrots, Chinese cabbage, pears, etc.

Appropriate tonic: Generally speaking, children are delicate and their organs are in the growing period, but their physique is not empty. The design of complementary food should pay attention to "aftercare".

Choice of food: mom and dad should choose various winter complementary foods suitable for their babies to help them get rid of cold and increase body heat;

(1) Aquatic products: such as hairtail, pomfret, perch, crucian carp, grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp, eel, river shrimp,

(2) Livestock and poultry: such as pork, beef, mutton, chickens and ducks.

(3) Vegetables: such as leeks, peppers, kohlrabi, coriander, shallots, garlic, ginger, etc.

(4) Miscellaneous grains: such as glutinous rice, sorghum, millet, oats, etc.

(5) Black food: black rice, black beans, black sesame seeds, black dates, black fungus, kelp, laver, black-bone chicken, etc. Eating more of this kind of food also has obvious nourishing effect.