The ancients learned to be an official, practiced the truth and benefited the society. Nowadays, people study for themselves, improve their knowledge and quality, and seek official titles. Learning is like planting trees. You can see flowers in spring and harvest fruits in autumn. Talking about articles in a speech is like watching fragrant flowers, cultivating self-cultivation for the benefit of society and harvesting the fruits of autumn.
When people are young, they are single-minded and keen, but when they grow up, their minds are scattered. Therefore, education must be carried out as soon as possible, and we must not miss the opportunity. When I was seven years old, I read Lingguang Dian Fu, and I have reviewed it every ten years until now, and I still don't forget it. After the age of twenty, I have memorized the classics, and I have almost forgotten them if I don't review them for a month.
However, some people are very depressed. If they lose the opportunity to study when they are young, they should step up their studies in their later years and don't give up on themselves. Confucius said, "After 50 years of study, you can't make big mistakes." "Wei Wudi, Yuan Yi, Lao Ni and Benedict, these are all learned when they were young, and they never get tired of it.
Ceng Zi began to study at the age of seventeen, and he became famous all over the world. Xun Qing came to study at the age of 50. He is still a great scholar. When Gong was in his forties, he was reading Chunqiu, so he became prime minister. Zhu Yun is also forty years old, and he began to learn Yi-ology and theory. At the age of twenty, Huangfu Mi began to study the Book of Filial Piety and The Analects of Confucius: both of them went to college at last. These are all his confusion in his early years and awakening in his later years. If the world doesn't learn to get married, it's too late. And for me to use the wall on the side.
Learning as a child is like the light from the rising sun. Learning when you are old is like walking at night with a candle in your hand, or what you can't see with your eyes closed. The rise and fall of schools is accompanied by social status. In the Han dynasty, a good and handsome man always carried forward the way of being a saint, and took care of people's affairs the next day, so that he could get much more attention from the Qing dynasty. This is not the case after secularization, but the teacher said that almost no society can implement it.
Therefore, the children of scholar-officials value extensive reading and refuse to concentrate on reading. After the emperor and grandson of Liang Dynasty, we should first study and observe his ambition. Since his birth, almost no one has finished the study of literature and history. This is the hat, so there are He Yin, Ming Shanbin, yi zhu, Zhou, He Ge, Xiao Zizheng, Liu Tae and so on. There is both culture and history, not just understanding.
Luo Yang heard about Ho Choi, Zhang Qian and Liu Fang, and met Xing Zicai in the summer night: Although these four scholars like Confucian classics, they are also famous for their erudition. Sages like this are top grades, so most of them are idle people in rural areas and lack of language. The wind is rude and clumsy, and * * * has the same monopoly. Nothing can be done. Just ask one question and answer hundreds. Words don't convey meaning, and they may be meaningless. There is a proverb in summer night: "Dr. Hao buys a donkey and has three paper coupons, but he can't have a donkey."
It makes people angry to let you use this as a teacher. Confucius said, "Dai Lu is among them." I'm afraid it's unprofessional to work hard now The classics of saints are used for education. As long as you are familiar with the classics and roughly understand the meaning of annotations, you can always gain something from your words and deeds and become a good person. Why do you want two notes on "Zhongli" and interpret "Ju" as a banquet or lecture hall? What is the significance of argument?
Even if we win at this point, what good will it do? Time flies, we should cherish it. Like running water, it's gone forever. Only by reading classic works can you achieve great success; If we can have the best of both worlds, then I don't need to criticize anything.
Second, the original text
Ancient scholars were human beings, and what they did was to benefit the world. Nowadays, scholars are all for themselves, and self-cultivation can make progress. Scholars still plant trees, play with their flowers in spring and climb in autumn; Talking about articles is also good for spring, and self-cultivation is also good for autumn.
Life is young and the spirit is patented. When you grow up, you should think about it and relax. Be sure to teach early and don't miss the opportunity. When I was seven years old, I recited "Lingguang Dian Fu". As for today, ten years have passed and I have never forgotten it. Twenty years later, the books I memorized were abandoned and abandoned in January. However, people have a hurdle? ? If you lose your prime, you still have to study that night.
Confucius said, "It's not a big deal to learn the Book of Changes in fifty years." Loyal old Wei Wu and Yuan Yi learned little and never got tired of getting old. Ceng Zi is a scholar at the age of 70 and is famous all over the world. Xun Qing began to study abroad at the age of fifty, and he was still a Confucian scholar. Gong Sunhong was in his forties before he read the Spring and Autumn Period, thus becoming a prime minister. Zhu Yun is also forty years old, and he began to study the Book of Changes and The Analects of Confucius. Huangfu Mi, at the age of 20, began to accept the Book of Filial Piety and The Analects of Confucius: they all became great scholars in the end, and this is not a question of early infatuation and late indulgence.
The marriage crown in the world has not been learned, so it is too late, and it is also a fool's ear following the wall. Young scholars, such as the light of sunrise, old scholars, such as the night walk by candlelight, are still virtuous. The rise and fall of learning is closely related to the world. The virtue and handsomeness of Han Dynasty are based on the way of sage. When I was there the next day, I was assigned to the personnel, and many people used this to show their respect for each other. In the end, the custom has come to an end, leaving chapters and sentences empty, but it is almost impossible to perform world events by following the teacher's words. Therefore, the children of scholar-officials are all interested in erudition and refuse to specialize in Confucianism.
Under the grandson of Emperor Liang Chao, when he was in his thirties, he must first enter school and observe his ambition. After he was born, he began to study literature and history and did not graduate. He Yin, Liu Gui, Ming Shanbin, Yi Zhu, Zhou, He Ge, Xiao Zizheng and Liu Taize. , both literature and history knowledge, and not just talk about it. Luo Yang heard about Zhang Qian and Liu Fang, and saw Xing Zicai in the summer night: Although these four Confucian scholars are good at Confucian classics, they are also called.
Therefore, sages are the top grade, leading idle people to Tadano. Its language is vulgar, its style is clumsy, and its reality is omnipotent. It's strange to ask a few hundred words, otherwise there will be no meeting. There is a saying on a summer night: "A doctor bought a donkey with three books and vouchers, but there was no donkey word." It's annoying for you to use this as a teacher.
Confucius said, "You can gain from learning." It's no use being diligent today, and I'm afraid it's not karma. The book of sages, therefore, teaches, but studies the scriptures, understands the meaning, and often teaches by example; Why does Zhongniju need two pieces of paper to see the righteousness? What's the point of sleeping in the lecture hall? Is it better to win by this? Time is a pity, just like all lost water. When the Expo is confidential, it is beneficial to the cause; I can be beautiful at the same time, it doesn't matter.
Third, the source
Excerpt from Yan Jiaxun
Extended data
First, the creative background
Mianxue is the title of the eighth chapter of Yan Family Instructions, some of which are included in middle school Chinese textbooks. Yan Zhitui, the author of Family Instructions for Yan Family, was born in Linyi (present-day Shandong) in Northern Qi Dynasty, and has written 20 Family Instructions for Yan Family, which is a systematic and complete family education textbook. Later generations called this book "the norm of family education". This book is a summary of his life experience of standing, doing things and studying.
Second, the appreciation of works
Yan Zhitui's article Mianxue touched people with superb words. If you put it on your desk, you will always be alert and regard reading as a major event.
This article repeatedly tells post-learners that their feelings are true, accurate and comprehensive, and all learners should be familiar with it and try to understand it.
Read Yan's family instructions-study hard, from which you can learn the tricks. Learning is to enrich yourself and never show off to others. This is true of ancient people, especially modern people. Study hard, "encouragement" means hard work, "learning" means study, and the topic means study hard, which is the center of this article.
Three. Brief introduction of the author
Yan Zhitui (after 53 1~ about 590), a native of Linyi (now Shandong), was a writer in the Northern Qi Dynasty and served as an official for four dynasties. He used to be a servant of the country, an assistant minister of Huangmen, and an imperial staff sergeant. In 548 AD, the Hou Jing Rebellion took place. Xiao Yi, Emperor of the Liang Yuan Dynasty, stood on his own feet in Jiangling, and Yan Zhitui served as assistant minister of scattered riding.
In 554 AD, Jiangling was captured by the Western Wei Dynasty and Yan Zhitui was captured. Later, he became an official in Beiqi. Since then, he has served in the Northern Zhou and Sui Dynasties. After Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty destroyed the State of Chen and before Yang Di ascended the throne (about the end of the 6th century AD), he combined his own life experience and philosophical thoughts and wrote a Family Instruction of Yan to warn future generations.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Mianxue