Safflower, the name of traditional Chinese medicine. It is the dried flower of Carthamus tinctorius in Compositae. Alias: red, blue and saffron. Compositae and Carthamus are annual or biennial herbs. The leaves are ovate-lanceolate, with sharp teeth on the edge. Inflorescences are all tubular flowers, which are yellow at first and gradually turn orange. Achene white. The flowering period is from June to July, and the fruiting period is from August to September. Dry tubular flowers, orange-red, narrow tubular, 5-lobed tip, narrow linear lobes, yellow anthers, connected into a tube, higher than the lobes, with stigma exposed in the center. It has a special aroma and a slightly bitter taste. It is best to have long flowers, bright red colors and soft texture.
Location: Henan, Hunan, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Tibet and other places. Has the effects of promoting blood circulation, dredging channels, removing blood stasis and relieving pain. Indications: blood stasis amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, lochia, postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain, abdominal pain, chest pain, hypochondriac pain, traumatic injury, sores and swelling. It has the effects of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, eliminating dampness and reducing swelling. It is forbidden for pregnant women, otherwise it will cause abortion.
Main categories
Huaihonghua: Also known as Huaihonghua. Produced in wen county, Qinyang, Wuzhi and Mengxian (Old Huaiqing House). The quality is also good. Du Honghua: Produced in Ningbo, Zhejiang, with excellent quality.
Loose safflower: produced in Shangqiu, Henan Province, with good quality.
Safflower: produced in Shandong.
Sichuan safflower: produced in Sichuan.
South safflower: produced in the south of China (referring to Nanchong, Sichuan).
Crocus sativus: produced in Shaanxi.
Cloud safflower: produced in Yunnan.
Most importantly, it is best to be red and yellow, bright, dry and soft.
Safflower cake: also known as business card safflower. Mud safflower while it is hot, spread it into thin slices, and dry it for medicine.
Recently, safflower is an oil crop that has developed rapidly in the world in recent years. Before that, it has been cultivated as a medicinal material and a dye plant. The oil content of seeds is 35 ~ 47%, which is higher than that of soybeans. The iodine value of oil is120 ~152; Fatty acids are rich in linoleic acid, oleic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid and vitamin E, among which linoleic acid content is as high as 84%, ranking first in edible oil, which has the functions of reducing blood lipid and serum cholesterol and preventing atherosclerosis. It is an advanced nutritional oil and edible oil. Safflower oil is widely used as an antioxidant and stabilizer for vitamins A and D in medicine. It can be used for painting industrial precision parts. The protein content of cake is as high as 19 ~ 36%. Feeding cows can increase the content of fat and linoleic acid in milk. Flowers can extract excellent natural edible pigments; At the same time, it also contains crocin, crocin quinone glycoside and neocrocin glycoside, which has the functions of promoting blood circulation, dredging menstruation, removing blood stasis and relieving pain, and is mainly used for treating dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, traumatic injury, joint pain and coronary heart disease. As a medicine, fruits and flowers have the same effect.
Note that safflower is especially suitable for female patients with dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea and lochia and patients with blood stasis pain because it has the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, reducing swelling and relieving pain, but not everyone can use safflower, especially pregnant women, so as not to cause abortion. At the same time, patients with menorrhagia, patients with ulcerative diseases and those with bleeding tendency should use safflower with caution. Some people think that too much safflower will enrich the blood, but too little safflower will nourish the blood, so it is good for your health to pay attention to the dosage when using it.
Materia Medica: The blood medicine of safflower is dizzy, so it will stop as soon as it is delayed. Excessive use will cause blood to flow and die, which is unknown to the world.
Crocus sativus L., also known as Crocus sativus L., is a perennial flower of Crocus in Iris family and a common perfume. Perennial herbs. Bulb oblate, spherical, about 3 cm in diameter, covered by yellow-brown film. Basal leaves, 9- 15, strip-shaped, gray-green, with the edge rolled back; 4-5 membranous sheaths are wrapped at the base of the foliage. The flower stems are short and do not protrude from the ground; 1-2 flowers, light blue, reddish purple or white, fragrant, orange-red style, slightly flat stigma, wedge-shaped top, shallow teeth, narrow spindle-shaped ovary. Capsule oval, about 3 cm long.
It is a native species in southwest Asia and was first cultivated by Greeks. Mainly distributed in Europe, Mediterranean and Central Asia, it was introduced to China in the Ming Dynasty, listed as medicine in Compendium of Materia Medica, and planted in China and Zhejiang. It is a valuable Chinese herbal medicine with strong physiological activity. Its stigma is used as medicine in Asia and Europe, which has sedative, expectorant and spasmolytic effects. It can be used for treating gastropathy, menstruation, measles, fever, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, etc.
officinal
Crocus sativus is a famous and precious Chinese herbal medicine, and its main medicinal part is a small stigma, so it is very precious. Flowers contain carotenoids, mainly crocin, dimethyl crocin, crocin and volatile oil, and crocin aldehyde is the main oil.
Its dry stigma is sweet and flat, and it can promote blood circulation, remove blood stasis and relieve pain. Can be used for the treatment of depression, chest and diaphragm fullness, hematemesis, typhoid fever, fright and trance, amenorrhea, blood stasis, irregular menstruation, postpartum lochia, blood stasis, measles, traumatic injury, etc. Used as a sedative and a repellent abroad. Promote blood circulation to remove blood stasis, cool blood and detoxify, relieve depression and soothe the nerves. Warm poison with spots, anxiety and depression, panic.
Pharmacopoeia. Kaqigeergen: In Tibetan medicine in China, stigma is used for liver diseases, blood diseases and body building. Ancient Japanese ancient wood: the stigma is clear of liver heat and the body is cultivated; Tibetan medicine for all liver diseases.
Uyghur doctor Zepal: The flower stigma is used for traumatic injury, blood stasis pain, blood stasis amenorrhea, liver depression, chest and hypochondriac tingling, postpartum abdominal pain, mental disorder, blurred vision, and forgetfulness in Uyghur medical records.
Stigma (saffron): sweet and flat. Promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and relieving pain. Can be used for treating blood stasis, menoxenia, postpartum lochia, blood stasis, traumatic injury, and chest tightness.
perfume
Saffron is very precious because of its pungent golden stigma. It can be used for food seasoning and coloring, and can also be used as a dye. In the Song of Songs, chapter 4, section 14 mentions some herbs, including crocus. With a strong and unique aroma and bitterness. In Britain, Scandinavia and the Balkans, it is used as a colorant and condiment for Mediterranean and oriental dishes and bread. It is also an important part of French stewed fish. In ancient India, a golden yellow water-soluble fabric dye was obtained by distilling the stigma of saffron. After the death of Sakyamuni, his disciples used saffron as the official color of the vestment. In some cultures, royal clothes are dyed with this dye. In Greece and Rome, saffron was used as a spice in halls, courts, theaters and bathrooms. Saffron is closely related to geisha in ancient Greece. When Nero returned to Rome, the streets were covered with saffron.
Ingredients: Pick three stigmas from flowers and spread them on a tray. Drying with charcoal fire can be used for food seasoning and color matching. 0.45 kg (1 lb) of saffron comes from 75,000 flowers. It is the most expensive perfume in the world. The content of essential oil is 0.5- 1%, and the main component is amaranth (C 16H26O7). The coloring substance is crocin (C44H64O26 H2O). Chemical constituents include crocin-1, 2,3,4 (crocin-1-4), crocin, dimethyl crocin, and α-crocin (a- crocin) crocin aldehyde.
Breakfast (or lunch and dinner)
Crocus sativus is used as a colorant and condiment for bread in the Mediterranean, Oriental cuisine, Arabia and India, as well as in Britain, Scandinavia and the Balkans. It is also an important ingredient for French stewed fish and paella. Commonly used eating methods include oral administration, soaking in water, soaking in wine, rice, steamed eggs and so on. Saffron should not be used too much. When cooking with butter or oil, the temperature should not be too high. Saffron can be soaked in hot liquid (the liquid required in the formula is enough) for about 15 minutes, which can make the color of saffron more symmetrical. Crocus is also used to color poultry, seafood and fish.
Materia Medica Justice: "Crocus sativus is similar to Sichuan Safflower, but its strength is stronger than Sichuan Safflower. Nowadays, people only feel that it has been used to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, but its function is incomplete. According to the outline of the lake, there is saffron, which is said to be mainly depressed, stuffy and sleepy. It can promote blood circulation to treat fright, so it can disperse and promote blood circulation, and the skills are the same. He also quoted "Lin Yi Yao Ji" to treat typhoid fever, and he was stunned and still intended to resolve phlegm and relieve depression. " But the skill of clearing away heat and inducing resuscitation is similar, but its smell is sweet and flat, which is not the same as that of astringent saffron. "