The concepts of early education, early education and early learning refer to preschool education. Later, some people thought that early education should be extended to prenatal education for mothers during pregnancy. Early education has a great influence on children. Let's look at the concept of early education.
The concept of early education 1 Life can be divided into several stages according to age, such as infancy (0~3 years old), infancy (3~6 years old), childhood (12 years old) and adolescence (1 1,12 ~/) Children of different ages have different age characteristics. Therefore, education must be carried out in stages, suitable for people of different ages.
Thinking: What are the age characteristics of preschool children?
How do you think the education suitable for preschool children should develop? In China, the education system divides education into preschool education, primary education, secondary education and higher education. Kindergarten education belongs to the school education system in China. Like school education, kindergarten education also has advantages that family education and social education do not have, such as planning and systematization.
According to the Compulsory Education Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) in 2006, children enter primary school at the age of 6 or 7, and the pre-school period is called "preschool period".
Preschool education can also be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. Broadly speaking, all purposeful activities that can affect preschool children's physical growth and cognitive, emotional and personality development, such as children reading, watching TV, building blocks, playing games and participating in social activities under the guidance of adults, are all preschool education.
Preschool education in a narrow sense refers to the education of kindergartens and other specialized preschool education institutions, and refers to the purposeful, planned and systematic influence activities carried out by preschool educators in specialized preschool education institutions according to certain social requirements. In China, there are mainly nurseries and kindergartens.
Among them, nurseries recruit children aged 3 and below, and kindergartens recruit children aged 3-6. In addition, there are various private supporting institutions and early education institutions. In this book, we use the concept of "early childhood education" many times. Literally, "preschool education" refers to the education of young children, that is, the education of children aged 3-6 cannot be equated with preschool education in a broad sense.
However, since the main body of preschool education in China is kindergartens that recruit children aged 3-6, it is reasonable to refer to preschool education as preschool education.
The concept of early education 2 The importance of early education
1. Early childhood is a critical period for the development of life intelligence. Grasping early education can improve the learning effect.
2. Early education can promote brain development. Early abundant environmental stimuli and learning opportunities will not only damage the development of the brain, but also promote the development of the brain.
3. When parents give their children early education, they also learn how to carry out family education, which will help their children's physical and mental health and life study in the future.
4. Early education can not only help children develop their brains, but also help them learn to face and solve problems in a series of parent-child activities and educational activities. Let children know how to overcome difficulties from an early age, and make psychological preparations for children to face and deal with problems encountered in their study in the future.
The core of early education is to provide an educational and nutritious environment to "activate" children's brain development and personality growth, thus laying a solid foundation for their future development.
Basic teaching tasks of early education:
From 0 to 3 months, you can use black and white flash cards for visual training and touch balls for tactile exercise;
You can turn over in 4-6 months, and the child will feel the space for rotation;
Simple pronunciation practice for 7-9 months to adapt to hand-grasping training for various flavors of food;
10-1February crawling. Remember to crawl more to facilitate the coordination of perception in the future;
13- 15 Learn the language of standing and stepping;
16- 18 major muscle exercise;
19-2 1 the establishment of self-awareness;
22-24 Simple interpersonal relationship establishes preliminary interpersonal communication;
25-30 Establish self-help consciousness, such as preparing hot towels, washing your face, wearing shoes and feeding yourself;
The establishment of cognitive rules the understanding of learning concepts is classified according to 3 1-36.
The concept of early education 3 What is education?
What is education? Educators at home and abroad have different interpretations of this. Some people have made textual research on the meaning of the word "teaching" from ancient books, and think that "teaching" and "education" were originally used separately, such as "teaching others, saving them with kindness" and "teaching by practicing". The Doctrine of the Mean contains "the teaching of good ancestors" written by Xu Shen in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
The explanation is "teaching, what is applied from above and what is effective from below;" Education, just adopt a son. The combination of "teaching" and "education" was first seen in "Mencius with all his heart". From then on, the word "education" came into being.
In foreign countries, some famous educators have different interpretations of "education", such as Comenius's view that "education lies in the sound development of individuals", Pestalozzi's view that education develops children's moral, intellectual and physical abilities according to natural laws, Dewey's view that "education is the continuous transformation and reorganization of experience", "education is life" and "education is growth".
Although the above viewpoints are different, they have one thing in common, that is, they all regard education as an activity that influences, cultivates and cultivates people and an important factor to promote the healthy development of the younger generation.
The concept of education can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. Education in a broad sense refers to all activities that consciously enhance people's knowledge and skills and influence people's thoughts, morality and consciousness. It includes family education, school education and social education.
Education in a narrow sense refers to the activities of imparting knowledge and skills purposefully, planned and organized, cultivating ideological and moral character, and developing intelligence and physical strength, so as to train the educated to become the people needed by a certain society or class.
The fundamental difference between education and other social phenomena is to cultivate people purposefully, which is also the essential feature of education. Educating people is the foothold, the fundamental value and the ontological function of education. Any education can only serve the society by cultivating people.
Denying the educational value of education also denies the social value of education. Without human cultivation, education has no effect on society. At the same time, the development of education is basically consistent with the pace of human pursuit of liberation.
The purpose of education is to stimulate people's survival consciousness and wisdom, so that people can critically examine the existing survival state, wisely choose the possible and meaningful future survival direction, cultivate creative life consciousness and ability, and strive to realize and improve people's development potential.
Constantly seek to transcend the present situation of life and oneself and become the main body of social and historical activities. The construction and operation of education should face up to the real life situation, seek truth from facts, put people first, and realize the all-round progress of society and the improvement and renewal of people's living conditions.