Original text:

Since ancient times, Ming emperors have been diligent in learning, and the situation is average! This is unprecedented. I can't be serious. I want to talk about something important in modern times in order to enlighten you. The younger brother of a scholar-bureaucrat began to teach at the age of several. Many of them have learned etiquette and biography, while a few have lost poetry and prose. When you get married in the crown, the cat should be trained and seduced. Ambitious people can sharpen their skills and become vegetarians; Those who don't stand up will die if they fall down slowly.

When you are alive, you will have a job, farmers will measure your crops, businessmen will not discuss goods and bribes, skilled craftsmanship will lead to exquisite tools, geisha will meditate on magic, martial artists will get used to bowing horses, and scribes will discuss scriptures. It is more common to see scholar-officials ashamed of doing business related to agriculture and ashamed of being prostitutes. If they shoot, they can't wear letters, so they can only use their names in notes. They eat and drink, do nothing, and sell their days all year round.

Or because of my family background, I got the first place and a half, so I was self-sufficient, forgot to study, had good and bad events, talked about gains and losses, and suddenly spoke, such as sitting in clouds, gathering for public and private banquets, and talking about ancient poems. Semel bowed his head and was slow to delay. Look on with knowledge, but go deep underground. What a pity to have studied hard for several years and been humiliated for a long time!

At the height of the Liang Dynasty, most of your children had no education. As for the proverb: "write a book without getting on the bus." If you are, you are a secretary. " They are all smoked clothes and shaved. Fu Fenshi Zhu, driving a long-eaved car with high heels, sat on the square mattress of chess pieces and played around with a cloth bag with speckles hidden. Look at the gods calmly, take care of people, answer questions, and have a banquet in March and September. It will be fast when you are young.

After leaving the troubled times, he moved to the city and chose relatives of people who were not re-elected. Lu Bingquan asked for all the bodies when he couldn't see his former client, and found nothing. Exposed, he lost his pearls, lost his skin and exposed his quality. He died alone and sincerely. Those who have studied art will touch the ground.

Since the rebellion, although all prisoners have been immortals, those who know how to read The Analects and The Book of Filial Piety are still teachers. Although it has been crowned for thousands of years, I don't know how the reporter wrote it. I'm too busy to farm and raise horses. If you can keep hundreds of books, you won't be a villain for thousands of years. A guest complained to the host, saying: I have seen strong crossbows and halberds, and I have punished the people's crimes, so Wu is an official; Literally, the rich country is timely, and the Qing dynasty is Wu; Learn ancient and modern, be both civil and military, have no position, and there are countless people whose wives are hungry and cold. How can I calm down and study? "

The master said to him, "My husband lives in poverty, and there are precious jade, wood and stone;" It's better to grind and carve than to learn art. Jade is polished and beautiful; Wood and stones are ugly because of their carving. Ankeyan's wood and stone carvings are a mine that has won gold and jade. Not poor and learned, but rich and unlearned. And the negative armor is a soldier, the pen is an official, and death and death are a dime a dozen, outstanding as grass; Adhere to the elements in the yellow, recite virtues, those who are bitter and useless are like erosion, and those who enjoy fame and fortune are like autumn tea. How can they talk in the same year?

Smell it again: those who are born to know, those who learn to know. Therefore, scholars want to know more about it. There must be a genius who stands out from the crowd. In order to be a general, he must learn from Sun Wu and Wu Qi, and in power, he must be taught by Guan Zhong and Zi Chan. Although he hasn't studied, I also call it learning. To this day, I can't be natural, I don't study historical sites, and I still lie in my ears. "

Translation:

Since ancient times, sages, kings and emperors still have to study hard, not to mention ordinary people! This kind of thing can be seen everywhere in classics and history books, and I can't list them one by one, just to remind you what is important in modern times. The children of scholar-officials are all over a few years old, and they are all uneducated. Most people have read The Book of Rites and Zuo Zhuan, and a few have at least read Mao and The Analects of Confucius. At marriageable age, the physique and temperament are slightly stereotyped. With this innate intelligence, we must redouble our homework and induce.

People with lofty ideals can temper and achieve the cause of the cremation; Those who have no ambition to succeed will become lazy and mediocre. In this world, you should have a major: farmers discuss farming, businessmen discuss wealth and goods, craftsmen elaborate tools, skilled people consider methods and techniques, warriors practice riding and archery, and scribes study and discuss classics.

However, it is often seen that scholar-officials are ashamed to set foot in agriculture and commerce, but they can't wear armor when shooting arrows. Only by holding a pen can they remember their names, eat and drink enough, and lead a life of intoxication, and then they can die hard. Some people get a part-time job with their family background, so they feel satisfied and forget to study at all. When it comes to weddings or funerals, they talk about gains and losses and are tongue-tied, just like sitting in the clouds.

Public or private parties feast, talk about ancient poetry, silently bow their heads, only yawn and stretch. People who know what to do see it, and they are ashamed to have no place to live. Why don't you want to spend a few years studying hard and humiliate yourself for a long time in your life? In the heyday of the Liang Dynasty, most of the children of the gentry were ignorant, so that there was a saying: "You can be a writer if you don't get on the bus, and you can also be a secretary if you don't have any goods on you."

There is no one who doesn't pay attention to smoking, shaving and painting. He drives a long-eaved car, steps on high-toothed bricks, sits on a square mattress with checkerboard patterns, and is filled with playthings on the left and right by a soft bag made of dyed silk, as calm as a fairy. When the meaning is clear, hire someone to answer the questions; If you want to attend the banquet of court dignitaries, please ask someone to help you write poems. At this time, he can also be regarded as a "gifted scholar".

After the war and displacement, the court changed its dynasty and took charge of selecting talents and appointing people. They are no longer relatives. When they were in power, they didn't see the clique in those days. They don't seek anything for themselves. The world is useless. They put on thick linen coats outside, but they have no real skills inside, and they have lost the appearance of tiger skin outside. But the meat inside shows the quality of a sheep, like a dead piece of wood, but like dry water, it falls between the military and horses and is dying.

Only those who have knowledge and talent can live anywhere. Since the war, even those who have been captured for generations and know how to read the Analects of Confucius and the Book of Filial Piety can still be teachers. Although they have been big officials for generations, they can't write, and they all go to farm and raise horses. From this perspective, how can they not encourage themselves? If you can keep hundreds of books regularly, you won't be a villain for thousands of years.

A guest asked me: "I have met some people who only rely on strong bows and halberds to crusade against rebellion and appease the people in order to obtain the title of a duke;" Some people only rely on their mastery of literature and history to save the times, make the country rich and strong, and get the official position in Qing Xiang. However, learned people from ancient times to the present have both civil and military skills, no official title, and their wives and children are hungry and cold. There are countless such things. How to learn is worth promoting? "

I replied, "Is a person's fate bumpy or accessible, just like jade and wood; Learning knowledge and mastering skills is like pondering sculpture. The reason why polished jade is bright and beautiful is because jade itself is a beautiful thing; A piece of wood and a stone is ugly because it has not been carved. But how can it be said that carved wood and stone are better than uncut Baoyu? Similarly, we can't compare the educated poor with the uneducated rich.

Besides, some people who are pregnant with martial arts go to the army; Some are full of poetry books, and some are small officials. There are many people in name only, but few outstanding people. Those who bury themselves in reading and spread moral articles are not as useless as a lunar eclipse; People who pursue fame and fortune and indulge in pleasure are like autumn grass. How do they compare? In addition, I also heard that people who are born unlearned are geniuses; People who know after learning are inferior.

Therefore, learning is to increase people's knowledge and understand the truth. Only a genius can be outstanding. Being a general coincides with the art of war of Sun Tzu and Wuqi. Rulers have the same political literacy as Guan Zhong and Zi Chan. Even if such people don't study, I say they have already studied. Since you can't reach this level now, if you don't follow the example of the ancients who are diligent and eager to learn, it's like sleeping under a quilt and knowing nothing. "

Reading guide

The title of the text is "study hard", which means to study hard, and the explanation of "encourage" is to work hard. The first paragraph first points out that scholars in ancient and modern times have different learning purposes, and then takes planting trees as a metaphor, saying that articles are spring flowers, and self-cultivation and profit are autumn fruits. How can you cultivate one's morality and cultivate one's sexuality without reading, Xiu De? It is clear that learning is for "self-cultivation, benefiting others and self-interest".

The second paragraph discusses an early education, don't miss the opportunity. Taking his own recitation of Lingguang Dian Fu as an example, the author puts forward that one should "learn early"; If you "lost your prime of life" and "you are still studying that night, don't give up". In the third paragraph, we talk about building a smooth road, hiding behind the scenes, and often making our words and deeds valuable. In the author's view, the key to learning scripture is to "teach by example", so that reading and doing things can be both beautiful and knowledgeable.

The above content refers to Wen Rui. Yan Jia Xun mian Xue.