Don't be:
1) books: publications that discuss or introduce knowledge in a certain field. Books can be divided into three categories: one is textbooks and popular science books.
Materials and general production technology books are reading books; One kind is dictionaries, handbooks and encyclopedias, and it is an instrument chart.
Books; The other is a monograph with original content, which belongs to original literature.
2) Periodicals: Periodicals generally refer to regular or irregular continuous publications with fixed names and consistent formats. New contents of periodical papers
English reports are fast and informative, which is the most basic form of official documents for transmitting scientific and technological information and exchanging academic ideas. It is estimated that,
Periodical information accounts for about 60-70% of the whole information source, so it is highly valued by scientific and technological workers.
3) Conference documents: refer to papers published at important international or domestic academic or professional conferences. Academic conference literature
Strength often represents the latest achievements in a certain field, reflects the level and trend of scientific and technological development at home and abroad, and is to obtain the latest information.
An important source of newspapers. Meeting documents can be divided into pre-meeting documents, such as meeting schedule prediction and pre-printed meeting documents, and post-meeting documents.
All kinds of meeting minutes and other documents. Post-meeting documents are the main meeting documents.
4) Sci-tech report: Sci-tech report refers to the summary report of a certain research achievement by a national government department or scientific research and production unit.
Or the progress report of this stage in the research process. The publication characteristics of the report are divided into volumes, unified numbering and the connection of competent departments.
Continue to publish. In terms of content, reports are more in-depth, detailed and reliable than periodical papers, and are a rare source of information. science and technology
Reports can be divided into technical reports, technical memoranda and letters.
Notes, announcements and others (such as translation, patents, etc.). ).
Some reports are classified as top secret, secret, internal restricted release and public release because they involve cutting-edge technology or national defense issues.
Grade. At present, the most famous scientific and technological reports in the world are the four major reports of the US government, namely PB(Publishing Board) newspaper.
Report, AD(ASTIA document) report, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Management) report and the Department of Energy (DOE) report.
5) Patent documents: Patent documents mainly consist of patent specifications. The so-called patent specification means that the patent applicant submits it to the patent office.
Technical documents on the purpose, composition and effect of the invention. After examination by the Patent Office, it was published and distributed all over the world. Patent theory
The contents of the book are more specific, and some of them have attached drawings, through which we can understand the main technical contents of the patent. Because there are only symbols.
Inventions with novelty, creativity and practicality can be patented, so the patent specification is very important for engineers and technicians.
Especially for product process designers, it is a very practical and enlightening important information source.
6) Standard documents: refer to documents for standardization work. It mainly includes the quality, specification and inspection of industrial products and engineering construction.
Methods and other technical documents. As a normative document, it has certain legal binding force. The standard text of a country
The contribution reflects the country's production technology level and technical and economic policies, while the current international standards represent the current world level. international
The standards and norms of advanced industrial countries are often an important basis and source of information for scientific research and production activities. The two most important goals in the world
Standardization organizations are the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
7) Dissertation: Dissertation refers to academic papers submitted for master's and doctor's degrees. Quality parameters of degree thesis
The differences are uneven, but they are all summaries of research on a certain topic, and most of them are original. Dissertations are not for sale,
Except for a few published in the form of scientific and technological reports and periodical papers, it is generally not published publicly, which is a rare document.
8) Product technical data: refers to the product promotion and use data such as product catalogue, product sample and product manual of the production enterprise. produce
Product samples usually specify the performance, structure, use, usage and operating procedures of the stereotyped products, and have mature contents and data.
Reliable, some have appearance photos and structural drawings, which can be directly used for product design and manufacturing reference.
9) Technical archives: refer to technical documents, drawings, charts, photos and originals with specific things formed in scientific research and production activities.
Records, etc. The details include the task book, agreement, technical indicators, approval documents, research plan, plan outline and technical measures.
Construction, survey data, design data, test and process records, etc. These materials are used to accumulate classics in the work of scientific research dystocia.
Important documents for testing and learning lessons. Technical files are generally for internal use, not published publicly, and some are confidential because
This is rarely cited in references and retrieval tools.
10) government publications: refer to documents published by government departments and their specialized agencies in various countries. The contents of government publications are very extensive.
Pan believes that there are both scientific and technological aspects and social and economic aspects. As far as literary nature is concerned, government publications can be divided into administrative categories.
Sexual documents (such as parliamentary records, government decrees, principles and policies, rules and regulations, surveys and statistics, etc.). ) and scientific and technical documents.
Two parts. The White Paper on Science and Technology published by our government is a government publication on science and technology.