Fan Qin's earliest library was called Dongming Caotang. After resigning and returning to China, with the increase of books, it is urgent to build a new library. Fan Qin named the new library "Tianyi Pavilion" according to the statement of "natural water" ... and in the Book of Changes written by Zheng Xuan, "Di Cheng Liu" adopted the pattern of "natural six places" in the architectural pattern, and built a pool outside the building to prevent fire, and "controlled fire with water". At the same time, take various moth-proofing and insect-repellent measures to protect books. In the preface of Fan's series "The General Catalogue of Tianyige Library", it is mentioned that "seven pavilions will be built between Qianlong and Qianlong, and many books will be put into four warehouses with their style, so that their books will be unified and glorious."
Fan Qin died on 1585. According to the records in the Book Collection Secretary of Tianyi Pavilion, before Fan Qin's death, the property was divided into two parts: the collection of books and other property. The eldest son, Fan Dachong, voluntarily gave up the right to inherit other family property, inherited more than 70,000 books collected by his father, and also formed the ancestral motto of Tianyi Pavilion, "All generations don't divide books, and books don't get married." While maintaining and supplementing Tianyi Pavilion's books, Fan Dachong also formulated clan rules for maintaining Tianyi Pavilion's books, stipulating that the books should be owned by descendants, and unless every room has collected bookcase keys, it is not allowed to unlock them. These systems were preserved during the private collection of Tianyi Pavilion (from its founding to 1949) and were supplemented by generations.
1665, Fan Qin's great-grandson Fan Wenguang built a garden in front of Tianyi Pavilion, and used rockery to form animal forms such as "nine lions and one elephant", which improved the environment around Tianyi Pavilion. This period is also the most abundant period of Tianyi Pavilion. According to research, at that time, Tianyi Pavilion had more than 5,000 books and 70,000 books. Since then, the collection of books has hardly increased until 1949.
1676, Fan Guangxie, a descendant of Fan Qin, copied 100 books from Tianyi Pavilion for readers to read. Fan Guangxie made an exception and helped the great scholar Huang Zongxi climb the stairs to read the library of Tianyi Pavilion, making Huang Zongxi the first foreigner to enter Tianyi Pavilion. Huang Zongxi compiled a bibliography for Tianyi Pavilion and wrote "Treasure of Tianyi Pavilion", praising Fan's descendants for "Fan can live in his home, but the ceremony is not in Fan's home?" Fortunately, don't wait for the clouds to pass, human descendants are like eyes. "Tianyi Pavilion has therefore increased its popularity among literati. Since then, Tianyi Pavilion has gradually closed its doors and opened it to celebrities, although not many scholars have got this opportunity.
1773, when Emperor Qianlong revised Sikuquanshu, Fan Zhumao, the eighth son of Fan Qin, presented 64 rare books1species in Tianyi Pavilion, ranking second in the country in quantity, but with first-class quality, including a large number of rare books and rare books. Five-sevenths of the books submitted were included in the catalogue of Sikuquanshu, and one-sixth were copied in full, but all the books were not returned, which reduced the collection of Tianyi Pavilion to 48 19. In June of the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong, Tianyi Pavilion was specially given a book "Integration of Ancient and Modern Books" as a reward. Hangzhou Weaving Yin was sent to Tianyi Pavilion to study the architectural pattern, and ordered Tianyi Pavilion to be built after the pavilion and other "four courtyards in the inner courtyard". "The system of the museum is like Fan Tianyi Pavilion", and I hope to learn from the design of Tianyi Pavilion to ensure the safe preservation of Sikuquanshu. . In June of the forty-fourth year of Qianlong, Jia Fan Lang Shining was presented with 16 pictures of the scenic spots in the back of pacify. In February of the fifty-second year of Qianlong, he gave twelve battle maps for pacifying Erjinchuan.
During 1829, Fan, Fan Bangran and other descendants of Fan's family overhauled the library, replaced the brick steps, restored the rockery, dredged the pool water, revised the management system of Tianyi Pavilion, set up three kinds of forbidden monuments, and 15 clause, strictly guaranteed that Tianyi Pavilion's books would not be published. 1840 Opium War broke out, and 184 1 year Ningbo City fell. The British occupation forces plundered dozens of geography books such as The Unification of Daming.
By 1847, there were only 2223 books left in Tianyi Pavilion.
186 1 year, when the Taiping Army captured Ningbo, thieves took advantage of the chaos to steal Tianyi Pavilion books for sale, and some of the latter books were bought back by Fan Qin X Sun Fan Bangsui. According to the Bibliography of Tianyige compiled by Xue Fucheng, by 1884, Tianyige had 2 original books152 volumes, *** 17382 volumes, and "Integration of Ancient and Modern Books" 8462 volumes.
19 14 years, after the founding of the Republic of China, the thief Xue Jiwei sneaked into Tianyi Pavilion to cooperate with thieves outside the building. He shipped the stolen Tianyi Pavilion book to Shanghai and sold it in the bookstore. Later, Zhang Yuanji of the Commercial Press redeemed some of them and hid them in the Hanfen Building of the Oriental Library, but they were burned in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression because of the bombing of the Oriental Library. This incident cost Tianyi Pavilion thousands of books.
On September 1933, the typhoon destroyed Tianyi Pavilion. With the support of Yinxian county magistrate, Feng Mengzhuan, Yang Juting and other local people set up a committee to rebuild Tianyi Pavilion, including Fan's descendants, moved Zunjing Pavilion in Ningbo to Tianyi Pavilion, and moved more than 80 square inscriptions to the backyard of Tianyi Pavilion to establish "Mingzhou Stele Forest". At the same time, Qianjin Zhai was opened on the west side of Zunjing Pavilion, displaying ancient bricks collected by Ningbo scholar Ma Lian and city bricks collected after the demolition of Ningbo city wall.
1933 When Tianyi Pavilion was rebuilt, the collection of Baoshulou was moved to Fangu Hall for preservation, and the government sent troops to guard it.
1937, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression outbreak. In order to protect the collection of Tianyi Pavilion, Tianyi Pavilion experienced its first large-scale outing since its establishment 370 years ago. The first three boxes of books left Tianyi Pavilion on August 1937.
1939 65438+1October 5th, the second batch of eight boxes of pre-Ming editions were also shipped out from Tianyi Pavilion and transported to the countryside for temporary shelter.
1939, 12 In April, the first two batches of books and the remaining books in the library totaled 28 boxes with 9,080 volumes, which were sealed by the Yinxian government, transported to the rear of Longquan County, temporarily stored in Shishi Township, and hidden together with the books of Zhejiang Library. After the Anti-Japanese War, this collection of books was transported to Hangzhou. It was not until 1946 12 16 that the collection of Tianyi Pavilion was transported back to the museum, and it was exhibited for the first time since the establishment of Tianyi Pavilion from March/kloc-0 to March 3 the following year. On the eve of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Zhou Enlai instructed to protect Tianyi Pavilion. After the occupation of Ningbo, the People's Liberation Army sent special personnel to protect Tianyi Pavilion. On June 9th, 1949, Ningbo Arms Control Commission took over Tianyi Pavilion and made it a public institution. Fan's descendants Fan and Fan became officials. Many local bibliophiles in Ningbo donated their personal books to Tianyi Pavilion, which greatly enriched the collection of Tianyi Pavilion.
1982, tianyige was selected as the second batch of national key cultural relics protection units. Tianyi Pavilion has a collection of 300,000 volumes, which is still increasing. At the same time, there is a special department to repair ancient books.
In 2003, it was rated as a national 4A tourist attraction.
In 2007, it was announced as a national key ancient book protection unit.
At the end of 20 10, the digital platform of ancient books in tianyige was established, and 30,000 historical sites, mainly rare books, were digitally accessed online.
20 12 10 9, Wang Tengting (Nanchang), Yueyang Tower (Yueyang), Yellow Crane Tower (Wuhan), Stork Tower (yongji city, Shanxi), Penglai Pavilion (Penglai, Shandong), Daguanlou (Kunming) and Yuejiang Tower (Nanjing