(henan technical college of construction Henan School of Architecture and Engineering, Zhengzhou, Henan 450007) This paper discusses the professional characteristics of the course of architectural drawing and structure, and emphasizes some necessary teaching conditions and methods. In teaching, how to teach such a professional course with a strong sense of three-dimensional space, how to reduce students' learning difficulty, establish students' learning confidence, stimulate students' interest, and let students learn this course easily and happily is a problem worth discussing. Keywords: professional foundation; Methods; Teaching AIDS; Multimedia; Exercise; Classification number of practical drawings: TU204-42 Document identification code: On how to effectively teach the course of construction drawing and structural drawing reading. School of Architecture, Henan Architectural Engineering School, Zhengzhou 450007) Abstract: This paper expounds the professional characteristics of this course; Some necessary teaching conditions and methods for effectively developing this course are emphasized. Therefore, how to teach such a professional course with strong three-dimensional sense is a problem worthy of discussion; And how to reduce the learning difficulty of students, build their confidence, stimulate their interest in learning, and let them learn this course easily and happily. Keywords: professional foundation; Methods; Teaching AIDS; Multimedia; Practice; Introduction to Architectural Drawing and Structural Practice is a basic course with strong theory and practice offered by various majors in the Department of Equipment Engineering. Mainly cultivate students' drawing, drawing, spatial imagination and application ability, and lay the foundation for students' future professional courses. Engaged in the teaching of architectural drawing and structure course for a long time. Here, I will talk about my own practice and experience on how to teach the course of Architectural Drawing and Structure well. First, a good professional foundation is a necessary prerequisite for a good class. As a young teacher with a short working time, he fully realized in his teaching work in recent years that it is far from enough for a teacher to rely on his enthusiasm, sense of responsibility and responsible working attitude to teach a course well. He must also have a deep professional foundation. Because in order to teach students well, teachers should fully grasp the courses they teach and the knowledge links related to this course. Teachers should be used to referring to some different versions of teaching materials and related materials in the process of preparing lessons; Do more drawing exercises in advance and read more engineering drawings; We should fully prepare lessons, so that we can be comfortable in the teaching process and correcting homework. At the same time, as a young professional teacher, we should often go to the front line of engineering to learn about new structural practices, so as to combine theory with practice at any time, enrich classroom teaching content and receive good teaching results. Second, fully preparing lessons is the guarantee of a good class. It is the key to improve classroom efficiency to prepare lessons carefully and make adequate preparations before class. When preparing lessons, we should first study the teaching materials and be familiar with the contents of the teaching materials; Only by grasping the learning objectives required by the syllabus, carefully studying the key points and difficulties of teaching, and grasping the whole textbook clearly can we be handy in class. From the previous teaching process, the more serious the preparation before class, the better the leading role of teachers and the main role of students, and the higher the classroom efficiency. At the same time, preparing lessons is not only to prepare teaching materials, but also to prepare students, combining the characteristics of students in their own classes. Students in a class have different learning and acceptance abilities, so we should pay attention to comprehensiveness in preparing lessons, including comprehensiveness in content and comprehensiveness in taking care of students at different levels. As a young teacher, in addition to preparing contents, students and teaching methods, he should also insist on taking notes after class, constantly sum up teaching experience and learn to evaluate his teaching effect. In the process of preparing lessons for the course of architectural drawing and structure, we should first understand the teaching outline, combine the national norms and standard atlas, thoroughly understand the teaching materials and pay attention to the relationship between before and after knowledge. Specific to each class, the whole content is first decomposed into a series of steps and questions, and then each question is checked and answered one by one, until no omissions are found in the end, and a satisfactory result is obtained. For example, the cross section of a trilateral orthogonal projection is decomposed into: 1. What is projection? Why study projection? Application of projection in engineering? Explain the classification of projection; 2. Why are projections classified like this? In order to facilitate drawing and drawing, different complexity and shapes are used to express architectural forms; 3. What should I do before drawing a projection? Master the method and labeling of each projection view; 4. How to draw a projection? The law of projection view and the representation method of each view feature. 5. Combined with engineering legend, the application of projection is analyzed. Only in this way can the scattered content be coherent, complete, clear and organized. At the same time, the use of appropriate multimedia presentations and teaching AIDS can greatly improve the integrity of teaching and achieve good teaching results. Third, make full use of the "model" and multimedia teaching technology around you, and make good use of the drawing reading part of the course of architectural drawing reading and structure, which requires students' spatial imagination, and the students facing this course are often freshmen. How can students establish a three-dimensional sense of space in a short time? In the teaching process, how to make students understand the three-dimensional shapes of those complex objects accurately? It is difficult to get the ideal effect and make it clear only by a blackboard. Only by fully selecting the model related to the course content, can students get a preliminary impression in the case of seeing and touching, which is conducive to cultivating students' observation ability. Students have a preliminary impression, and then under the correct guidance and inspiration of the teacher, lay the foundation for the following key lectures. For example, before explaining the concept and law of projection, you can use a chalk box and flashlight to demonstrate the formation of shadows. At the same time, students can use their own cups or books to form shadows in the sun, which can stimulate students' interest in learning, and then focus on the projection in architectural engineering, which is different from shadows. The use of teaching AIDS can greatly improve teaching efficiency and interest in learning, achieve the purpose of reducing teaching difficulty, and help students understand and master teaching content faster and better. At the same time, using multimedia teaching in the course of Architectural Drawing and Structure can also convey many unclear contents in the text textbook to students through videos or slides. Multimedia teaching has a strong expressive force, which can be used to directly complete teaching tasks, adjust classroom teaching atmosphere and stimulate students' interest in learning. It can not only make students understand the whole teaching, but also highlight the essential characteristics of the teaching object and fully highlight the subtle differences and key transition points. In addition, those key and difficult points can be played repeatedly, which can prolong the stay time and enhance the teaching effect, which not only saves time, but also improves the teaching quality and efficiency, which is more acceptable to students. For example, the law of projection, the establishment of three-sided orthographic projection, projection map, section map and detailed drawing of building structure can all be made into slides for teaching. In addition, in order to make students better understand the significance and purpose of the course, a complete set of construction drawings can be prepared as reference materials for auxiliary teaching at the beginning of the semester, and examples in the construction drawings can be cited in every step of the teaching process, so as to narrow the distance between classroom teaching and engineering practice and stimulate students' interest in learning. 4. Reasonable arrangement of exercises is an effective way to learn to read pictures. Practice is an important part of classroom teaching, which not only enables students to consolidate their knowledge through practice, but also further expands their thinking. In the teaching process of architectural drawing recognition, I found that students pay the most attention and have the highest interest in learning when doing classroom exercises, so choosing a topic with moderate difficulty and typical significance as an example to explain in class can arouse the interest of the whole class, stimulate students' enthusiasm, inspire students to explore the law of solving similar problems and cultivate students' ability to use knowledge. 5. Practice is an important supplement to learning building structure. In the teaching process of building structure, we should not only reflect the composition and shape of building components through engineering legends and multimedia demonstrations, but also cooperate with appropriate practical activities to take students to observe the structural forms of built houses on campus and compare them with the contents in the teaching materials to increase their understanding. Under appropriate conditions, we can also provide students with construction drawings of existing buildings and explain the structure on the project site, so that they can understand and learn the drawings well. At the end of the course, students are assigned to do a big homework, which is drawing exercises. The main content is to copy and draw a complete set of architectural construction drawings in combination with the knowledge learned. The construction drawings used are those introduced to students at the beginning of the semester. By copying and drawing their familiar construction drawings, students can further deepen their understanding of the whole course and benefit a lot. Through the development of practical teaching, students not only have a specific understanding of the knowledge in books, but also deepen their impressions and achieve good teaching results. Author's brief introduction: Qiao Song (1980-), female, from Hebi City, Henan Province, is mainly engaged in the teaching and research of architectural structure and architectural drawing, and structural direction.