First, establish the understanding of "prevention first, combining prevention with control" and correct the attitude of scientific management.
"Prevention" is the basis of archives protection. Effective prevention can greatly reduce the burden and cost of "governance" and avoid unnecessary losses of archives. From now on, we must put the scientific management of temperature and humidity in the archives into the important agenda and establish and improve the corresponding rules and regulations.
Two, establish a team of archivists with high professional quality and strong professional ability.
The scientific management of archives temperature and humidity is a highly professional job, which requires not only managers to have a strong sense of responsibility, but also a certain scientific and cultural level, professional knowledge and business skills. The recording, sorting and analysis of temperature and humidity, the selection of temperature and humidity control and adjustment methods, and the use and maintenance of some mechanical equipment and instruments are difficult to do without a certain professional technical level and rigorous and meticulous work style. Therefore, warehouse managers must learn professional cultural knowledge and master professional skills to improve the scientific management level of warehouse temperature and humidity.
Third, do a good job in warehouse temperature and humidity test records.
Complete and accurate raw data is the basis and premise of scientific analysis and effective regulation, and must be carefully recorded.
1. Pay attention to the integrity of data records. Due to the different floors and orientations of the warehouse, the temperature and humidity changes are also different, so it is necessary to avoid generalizing.
2. Pay attention to the accuracy of data records. Only based on accurate data can we make correct analysis and decision.
3. Pay attention to the regularity of data test records. No matter inside or outside the warehouse, we should choose the observation time, frequency and place that can best represent and reflect the change law of climate and temperature and humidity in and around the warehouse, and systematically accumulate the original data, so as to facilitate the collation and analysis of statistical data and enhance comparability.
Fourth, strengthen the analysis of temperature and humidity and explore the changing law.
Without scientific analysis, the test record of data will lose its meaning. Only by carefully sorting out and analyzing the raw data accumulated in the warehouse for a long time can we find out their periodic and aperiodic laws, make correct judgments and choose effective temperature and humidity control opportunities.
Five, according to the objective reality, take effective temperature and humidity control measures.
There are many ways to control and adjust the temperature and humidity of the archive room. Practice has proved that the combination of sealing, ventilation and humidity reduction is a good method to control temperature and humidity.
1, airtight. The function of sealing is to prevent or weaken the influence of inappropriate temperature and humidity outside the warehouse on the inside of the warehouse, so that the appropriate temperature and humidity in the warehouse can be relatively stable as far as possible. The key point of warehouse sealing is doors and windows. Generally, the edges of doors and windows are inlaid with tweed or flannel through adhesives (such as latex or polyurethane), and iron doors and steel windows can be inlaid with rubber strip. If the window is too big, only a part of the window can be ventilated, and the other windows are completely sealed and will not be opened again.
In order to reduce the influence of temperature and humidity outside the warehouse, a transition room (or moisture-proof room) should be set at the entrance to the warehouse outside the warehouse. The width of the transition room is slightly larger than that of the warehouse door, and the depth is about 2m ~ 3m. When entering the warehouse, first open the door of the transition room, then close the door of the transition room, and then open the door of the warehouse to enter the warehouse. It will be better if a damp-proof curtain is installed on the door.
Sealing only plays a role in controlling the temperature and humidity of the warehouse, but sealing is always relative. Only sealing can not control the temperature and humidity of the warehouse within a certain range, so sealing must be combined with measures to adjust the temperature and humidity.
2. Ventilation. Ventilation is a method to exchange the air inside and outside the warehouse in a planned way according to the law of air flow to adjust the air temperature and humidity in the warehouse. Ventilation is not simply to open doors and windows and let the air inside and outside the warehouse exchange freely, but to master the law of natural air flow inside and outside the warehouse, compare the actual situation and changing trend of temperature and humidity inside and outside the warehouse, and refer to wind power and direction to carry out it in a planned way.
Adjust the temperature of the warehouse, that is, to cool down or heat up, the timing is relatively simple. As long as the outside temperature is lower than or higher than the inside temperature, ventilation can be carried out. The change of temperature in the warehouse will inevitably lead to the change of humidity, so the influence on humidity must also be considered when ventilation adjusts the warehouse temperature. If the purpose of ventilation is to reduce the humidity of the warehouse, it must be carried out according to certain principles, not just the relative humidity inside and outside the warehouse. For example, the relative humidity outside the warehouse is lower than that in the warehouse, but the temperature is higher than that in the warehouse, so the actual amount of water vapor in the air may be higher than that in the warehouse, and the humidity in the warehouse may increase after ventilation.
3. Reduce humidity. The high humidity of warehouse is mainly caused by many factors such as air humidity, groundwater or rainwater leakage. Humidity can be reduced from two aspects, on the one hand, the source of humidity can be isolated and reduced, on the other hand, the humidity existing in the warehouse can be eliminated. At present, the commonly used methods to reduce humidity are mechanical ventilation, dehumidifier and drug moisture absorption and dehumidification.
The management of warehouse temperature and humidity is a very scientific and practical work, which not only requires archivists to have a high degree of enthusiasm and responsibility, but also requires comprehensive mastery and application of scientific methods and measures, so as to realize the scientific management of warehouse temperature and humidity, maximize the life of archives, and better develop and utilize archives to serve the society.