Basic Introduction Title: Long Editor's History as a Mirror Author: Category: Chronicle Publishing House: Zhonghua Book Company Features: Rich historical materials and detailed contents? Books and materials, overview, the first 1 edition, the second edition, characteristics, records, evaluation, author's brief introduction, overview of books and materials "Continuing the History as a Mirror" is one of the basic history books for studying the history of Liao, Song and Xixia. Except official history, factual records and political books, all local chronicles and unofficial chronicles are widely collected, and their similarities and differences are corrected, and their doubts and mistakes are fixed. Their textual research is careful and well-founded. Based on the principle of "complexity without leakage, it is better to lose in complexity", the author said that if there are differences in records, they should be kept in two places, with their own opinions attached and annotated, which is similar to "a mirror textual research" When receiving materials, "make ten wooden kitchens, and make twenty boxes in each kitchen, each of which is marked with Jiazi." Everything that happened this year, if you hear anything, will belong to this box, which will be followed by the month and date, and it will be in good order. "From the first year of Longxing in Song Xiaozong (1 163) to the fourth year of Xichun (1 177), this book was promoted four times. In the tenth year of Xichun, it was re-edited into 980 volumes, published in 68 volumes, 10 and 5 volumes, totaling 1063 volumes, which lasted for 40 years. This is an outstanding chronicle of historical events in the Northern Song Dynasty and the Nine Dynasties. Version 1: The original volume of this book is 980 volumes. Because of its huge size, it is not easy to spread, write, publish and engrave. This book has been handed down all over the world since the Yuan Dynasty. By the Qing Dynasty, only 108 was left in the banknote book. During the compilation of Sikuquanshu, 980 long-lost volumes were collected from Yongle Dadian, with a percentage of 520 volumes, including Song Yingzong Zhiping for four years (1067) April to Song Shenzong Xining for three years (1070) March and Song Zhezong Yuan You for eight years. 1979, Zhonghua Book Company began to publish a long edition of Zi Zhi Tong Jian, which was based on the popular block-printed edition of Zhejiang Book Company during Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, and was collated by Liaoning Library, Beijing Library and Jinwen Museum, and many mistakes were corrected. Version 2 In the Southern Song Dynasty, Yang Zhongliang adapted Li's book into The Chronicle of the Last Years and wrote the Chronicle of the Last Years with a volume of 150. In the Qing Dynasty, Qin Qianye and Huang Yizhou used Yang Shu to restore it to a chronological style to make up for the lost articles in Li Shu's Four. Among them, Yang Shu was omitted, and other books were adopted and supplemented as follows. The original text or notes of Changbian quoted in other classics have also been compiled into 60 volumes of Xuzizhi as a Mirror, Changbian Supplement. This book began in April in the fourth year of Yingzong (1067) and ended in May in the second year of Qin Jingkang (1 127). It is an important material for studying the history of the Northern Song Dynasty. This edition is published by Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House and printed by Zhejiang Bookstore in the 9th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1883). The long Zi Zhi Tong Jian has two remarkable features. First, when he wrote this book, he always adhered to the principle of Sima Guang's History as a Mirror, that is, "it is better to lose in complexity than to lose in leakage." "The long compilation materials of" Xu Zitong Zhi Jian "are very rich. In addition to the factual records and national history of the Song Dynasty, a large number of classics, history, books, notes, novels and family stories were used. Chen Fuliang, a native of the Southern Song Dynasty, once praised: "There are hundreds of national books in this dynasty, including calendars, records, official history, meetings, decrees, imperial books, special books and allusions, and there are admonitions in more than three dynasties; However, hundreds of novels, private histories, doctors' deeds and inscriptions are invincible. Since director Li wrote "Continued as a Mirror" (that is, "Continued as a Mirror"), he has established a long and enduring life for two years. It is a good preparation to choose a generation of books here. Tan, a native of the Tang Dynasty, also thought that this book was "based on Chinese classics, followed by private notes, and made similarities and differences as a reference". The first is to make the facts of the Northern Song Dynasty suddenly clear. It is really a book that must be read after Tong Jian. " It is precisely because of Li Tao's adherence to this principle that he preserved a large number of historical materials of the Song Dynasty for future generations. The second notable feature of Zi Zhi Tong Jian is that Li Tao inherited and developed the fine tradition of "testing differences". When Sima Guang wrote Zi Tong Zhi Jian, he wrote Tong Jian Kao Yi, in which he sorted out different materials and explained the reasons for his choice. This textual research method is also adopted in the long edition of Continuing Education as a Mirror. "If there is something wrong with the old version, there are some additions, that is, it is obviously cut by mistake, and there are any documents for the gas supplement. There is no violation in the review, but it is still recorded as textual research; Otherwise, it is from the old, let alone adding and modifying. "The long edition of Continuing Education as a Mirror has more than 700,000 words and more than12,000 notes. Huang Tingjian, a Qing Dynasty man, spoke highly of this. He said: "Gao Min was quoted in detail in his works, especially in The Generation of Gods and Philosophers. Such as Hui, dignitaries, chronicles of past dynasties, current affairs, Stegosaurus, Cai Xiang's Straight Pen, Wang Bielu, Sima Wengong's Diary, Wang's Diary, Herry Liu's Diary, Lu Dafang's Zhengmu and Lv Gongzhu. Fortunately, there are masterpieces handed down from generation to generation, such as Dongzhai Notes, Sushui Stories, Dong Xuan Notes, Hunan Shan Ye Notes, Yuhu Notes, Shao Wenlu, Bi Tan, and Dust Collection Records. This is often inaccurate and correct. Then this compilation is not special enough to test the mistakes in the history of Song and Liao, and there are books that don't exist in the miscellaneous history of Song and novelists, which can also be used to spread one or two, as well as books that Cheng Wengong must read after As a Mirror. "Although Li Dao is very close to Sima Guang in political and historical views, he did not accept Sima Guang's Sushui Record and Diary, but made some choices and reservations, especially Zongshen Record, which reflected Sima Guang's political views and washed Song Shenzong's white. On the contrary, Li Dao can treat Wang Anshi fairly. Although Li Dao was "ashamed to read Wang Anshi's books" and opposed Wang Anshi's political opinions, he could also criticize Wang Anshi's measures, events and figures fairly and objectively in the text and annotations of Zi Zhi Tong Jian. For example, Director Li's attitude is reflected in the description in Volume 2 14 "Warehouse Law at the End of August in Xining Three Years": "... Ceng Bu Cloud, September 25th in Xining Three Years, and the river warehouse is coherent. Accordingly, it is the method of opening positions on August 27. The old book finally gave the warehouse to the person who received the general's salary, which was temporary and the fate was treacherous. The soldiers got three times and ten times the food. They increased the number of people serving in the warehouse and emphasized the methods. Because the number of people transporting grain has decreased, there are more than 500 people sitting in the law. After the traitors failed to stand up, they were pushed to internal and external officials, and officials began to emphasize the law. It is ok to cut off a new subject and its flattery, just as it is ok to set up a warehouse. "It records the 520-volume Summary of Siku Quanshu: Long Edition of Continuing Capital Management as a Mirror written by Song Lidao (Yongle Grand Ceremony). Tao has a Five-Tone Spectrum of Shuowen Jiezi, which has been recorded. Tao Bo has read many books, especially about his heart and stories. According to the letter of the bachelor's and doctor's degree at that time, I said it myself without being admitted to the official record. Taking Sima Guang's Zi Zhi Tong Jian as an example, I prepared eight stories of an ancestor to discuss as this book. When Guangxiu compiled Tong Jian, it was first compiled into a long edition, but Tao Qian dared not say "Continuation of Tong Jian", so it was called "Continuation of TongJian's Stegosaurus Edition". The general examination of literature contains four "books". First, when we met Rongzhou in the first year of Longxing, we first got involved in "Stegosaurus to Kaibao". First, he worked as a minister of rites for four years in Dalu, from the first year of Stegosaurus to the fourth year of Zhiping, and made progress in 180 volume of Deeds of the Three-Five Dynasties. First, when I knew Luzhou in the first year of Xichun, I went to Jingkangfan for 280 volumes after pacification. First, after learning about Suining House in the first year of Xichun, I wrote it again, and Li Yao and Catalogue were improved 1663 and 687 respectively. Therefore, the careful "Return to Heart and Miscellaneous Knowledge" said that Han Yangu stole his book and made trouble with the second chef. However, the Literature General Examination only has Long Bian 168 volumes and Yao Ju has 68 volumes, which is far from the Golden Elephant. Textual research on Chen's book catalogue title shows that the number of volumes is still the same, with more than 300 volumes, covering sub-volumes, molecular volumes, or more than ten times. Then the number of 163 volumes is counted as a whole, so it is more. According to Tao's Golden Elephant, his book actually ended in Qin Zong. However, Wang Mingqing's "New Knowledge of Zhao Yu" said that Hu Yanxiu was sparse in the first year of Shaoxing, but after the Long Side 159 was annotated, it seemed to be both the emperor and the emperor. In other words, things are interrelated and their destination is attached to the end of the notes, such as Zuo Zhuan. " "Return to the Heart and Miscellaneous Knowledge" is also called "Daochang Edition", 10 wooden kitchens, each with 20 boxes, and each change is marked with Jiazi. Everything that happens this year will belong to this box. When the sun and the moon are divided into two parts, they are in order. At such times, their long-term efforts can be seen. They have the largest collection of books, and it was difficult to inherit and write at that time. The prints made by the bookstore are different from the old paintings in Shu. There are also books from the four dynasties of God, Philosophy, Emblem and Qin. Only one copy was written by the secretary on the main road according to the pattern of Tongjian. It has not been engraved and its circulation is getting thinner and thinner. Since the Yuan Dynasty, it has been handed down from generation to generation. In the early years of Kangxi, Kunshan Xu was awarded the Taixing Jishi family, with a total volume of 175. The taste is sparse in North Korea. The vice minister spread that all the treasures were secretly taken. However, these contents only ended after Yingzong was peacefully resolved, and Zongshen will still be absent in the future. "Yongle Dadian" was recorded and compiled during the examination of Song Yun. Compared with Xu's version, the first five generations are roughly the same, but the differences in annotations are often more detailed. For more than 30 years, the story of Xu's disappearance and Zhu Yizun's thought of being lost still exists today, with a perfect beginning and end, which has never been seen in China. But unfortunately, Hui Qin did not record it originally. He went to Xining and was born seven years less. However, since I am above Zhezong, after years of latitude, I have made detailed preparations. For hundreds of years, famous Confucian scholars have wanted to see what they can't see. Once the old things are returned, they will see that the number of books now will increase several times or five times. The grand view of Ismail Linyi. Yesterday, during the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty, Shang Lu and others continued to revise the Compendium of General Mirror. When Yongle Dadian was hidden in the inner palace, there was no self-discovery in the outer court. I didn't know that all the old articles of Tao were included in the volume, but I didn't buy them, so I can't get them so far. Critics think it's a pity. Today, I pay tribute to my emperor, Ji Gu Youwen, and compiled the Four Treasures of the Study, which is seen again in the world. Isn't it sometimes dark to wait for the sacred world to be bright? The original purpose of Tao is gone, and the number of its ten thousand volumes is no longer available. I would like to refer to mutual correction and measure the complexity and simplicity of his writings without making an analysis. It is set to 520 volumes. Tao wrote this book forty years later. Self-recording, official history, official documents, and wild records are all submitted for review to qualitatively test similarities and differences. Although it is rich, it may be inevitable that truth and reality coexist, and you will see doubts and beliefs, and you may not be all involved. Not only did Taizong's axe sound like a candle shadow, but the textual research of Records of Shan Ye in Hunan Province was unclear, which became an eternal mystery. That is, in March of the second year of Youjing, selling Mao Xun's silk rice to Dong Jun Festival in the town was extremely inconsistent with the inscription written by Yu Jing, and was often corrected by Zeng Minxing's magazine. Tao's "Golden Elephant" advocates that it is better to lose a little than to lose a little, which is widely recorded by later authors. It is a household name, rich in research, and a forest for textual research for those who have read history. It is quite rare for later generations to comment on the long edition of Zi Zhi Tong Jian. Zhu Yizun, a scholar in A Qing, said: "Literature is the first in the history of Confucianism in the Song Dynasty, written by Sima Junshi and Ouyang Yongshu. The only person who is wrong is Li Dao, who is free from ridicule. "However, the summary of the catalogue of Sikuquanshu, which has been compiled for a long time, is the summary of the catalogue of Sikuquanshu. The shadow of Tang Taizong's axe and candle in Records of Shan Ye, Hunan Province is not only unclear, but also an eternal mystery. For example, in March of the second year of You Jing, he pushed Mao Xun's silk rice to Dong Jun Festival in the town, which was completely inconsistent with the epitaph written by Yu Jing. It is often corrected by Zeng Minxing's "Awakening alone magazine". " Nevertheless, the author of the Summary of Sikuquanshu still thinks that it is "a forest for people who study history, because it is full of detailed evidence." The book "A Mirror of Continuing Education" was not completely engraved when it was written because of its length. It was only copied by the secretary province according to the specifications of "A Mirror of Continuing Education" and stored in the royal secret room. When the Siku Quanshu was revised during the reign of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, the official of Siku Library recorded the long edition of Zi Zhi Tong Jian from Yongle Dadian in Ming Dynasty and included it in Siku Quanshu. However, Sikuquanshu is not a complete version, lacking the emblem and deeds of the Qin Dynasty. In the 24th year of Jiaqing (18 19), Zhang Jinwu typeset and printed the classic edition of Love Day with movable type. In the seventh year of Guangxu (188 1), the governor of Zhejiang, Tan Ming, Huang Yizhou and others revised the edition of Sikuquanshu, which was a mirror long edition of the continuation of the policy and was printed in Zhejiang Bookstore. Zhonghua Book Company has a punctuated version of Continuing Education Long Edition, Zi Zhi Tong Jian edited by Shanghai Normal University and East China Normal University. The author's brief introduction "The Long Compilation of Continuing the History as a Mirror" is a chronological history book written by Li Dao in the Southern Song Dynasty. Li Dao was born in Song Mei (present-day Sichuan). Born in the fifth year of Huizong in the Northern Song Dynasty (115), he died in the eleventh year of Xichun in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 184). Li Dao is a descendant of Wang Cao, the imperial clan of the Tang Dynasty. In the eighth year of Shaoxing (1 138), Li Daokao was a Jinshi, took charge of Huayang, and was transferred to Yazhou as an official. Li Dao read extensively and was particularly familiar with the laws and regulations of the Song Dynasty. Knowing the status of Ren Rong, he was appointed as an official of Fuchuan Road Transportation System. During his tenure, he acted impartially and impeached four illegal officials. Main road for three years (1 167), served as Foreign Minister of Ministry of War and Doctor of Ritual. In July of the tenth year (1 174), after a long drought and no rain, Li Dao asked the emperor to avoid the main hall, reduce the imperial meals and seek the opinions of officials, which was quickly adopted by Emperor Xiaozong. In the spring of the 11th year of Xichun (1 184), Li Dao wrote a letter asking for an official, but the emperor did not agree. He sent people to visit his illness several times. After his illness, he became a bachelor of Govin, compared with him. As soon as the imperial edict came out, Li Tao said with great joy, "The great event has been finished." Dictate to the emperor: "I am seventy years old and I don't want to die." I hate serving my country. " May your Majesty learn from his ancestor (Zhao Kuangyin) and take Zhaoling as the principle. "He died at the age of seventy. Li Dao is strong and maverick. When Qin Gui was in power in his early years, Li Dao was only known to the court after Qin Gui's death. Discuss national politics in court and be impassioned. Zhang Wan, a famous minister in the Southern Song Dynasty, once said, "Li Renfu is like frost and snow. "Li Dao lived a simple life, no extravagance, no hobbies, no concubines and possessions. Li Dao has written many books, including five volumes of Yi Xue, ten volumes of Chunqiu Xue, one volume of Five Classics Teaching, one volume of Hundred Pictures of Shangshu, one volume of Biography of Seventy-two Scholars, fifty volumes of Collected Works, thirty volumes of Shu Shu, fifty volumes of Historical Manuscripts of Four Dynasties and ten volumes of General Theory. " Among the Documentaries of Life and Death, Forty Years of Long Bian is a highly summary of Li Dao's academic achievements by Zhang Shi, a famous Neo-Confucianism scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty. Li Dao's works are rich all his life, but the masterpiece that has been handed down to this day is the 520-volume History as a Mirror. In order to write this masterpiece, Li Tao "collected and arranged for forty years" and "exhausted this book". The long series "Continuing the History as a Mirror" recorded the history of the Northern Song Dynasty in 168 years from the first year of Stegosaurus in Song Taizu to the first year of Jingkang in Song Qinzong. The scale of this historical work is very large. Cherish the spring ten years (1 183), Li Dao, the magistrate of Suining, once wrote to the emperor, "I have been in the so-called Long Edition of Continuing Education as a Mirror for many times, so I don't want to write it in this book, * * * 980 volumes count for 600 volumes. Its repairs and changes are always ten volumes. It also happened in 168, with a total of 980 volumes. There are so many documents that it is difficult to see the end, but it is easy to find the outline. Today, there are 68 volumes of Yao Ju from Stegosaurus to Jingkang and five volumes of Summary Table. There are four kinds, totaling 1663 and 687. "The purpose of Director Li's" A Long Edition of Continuing the History as a Mirror "is to write a history of letters and leave it to future generations. In the first year of Longyuan (1 163), he entered the book for the first time, and the book clearly wrote: "I study history with all my heart and I am particularly eager for the story of this dynasty. Every time I hate a bachelor's degree or a doctor's degree, it's easy, and I don't take all the records and officials. It's hard to say what's wrong ... I don't want to discuss it angrily so that everyone can agree. "It took a long time to compile Zi Zhi Tong Jian. When he was in Huayang Princess Book, he specially sorted out the long edition of Zi Zhi Tong Jian and began to prepare materials. Around the 29th year of Shaoxing (1 159), Li Dao expanded and supplemented Sima Guang's List of Hundred Officials in the Northern Song Dynasty, and wrote a long edition of 1 12, which listed the appointment and dismissal of officials over the years from the founding of Qianlong to Xuanhe. In the first year of Emperor Xiaozong's Longxing (1 163), Li Dao first published the 17-volume Long Edition of Continuing Capital Management as a Mirror, covering the seventeen years from the Tang Taizong Dynasty to the Tang Taizong Kaibao. In the third year of Dadao (1 167), Li Dao began to serve as the minister of war and editor of the National History Museum in the Southern Song Dynasty, and was responsible for compiling the history of the Song Dynasty and Hui Zongzhi from Zongshen to the Qin Dynasty. During this period, the writing speed of the long version of Zi Zhi Tong Jian was greatly accelerated. In the second year, Li Dao also became the Long Edition of Continuing the History as a Mirror, with 108 volumes from Taizu to Yingzong in the Five Dynasties. In the first year of Xichun (1 174), Li introduced the third book, from Zongshen to Qinzong. Xichun entered this book for the last time after ten years, and finally finished this voluminous historical masterpiece. Li Dao admired Sima Guang, a politician and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty. His view of history is not only close, but also politically acceptable. One of the purposes of his compilation of "Long Compilation of Continuing Zi Zhi Tong Jian" is to connect with Sima Guang's Zi Zhi Tong Jian. From the time point of view, Zijian ended in the end of the Five Dynasties, and the change began in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, just before and after. The title of Long Bian Zi Zhi Tong Jian expresses Li Dao's admiration and respect for Sima Guang and Zi Zhi Tong Jian. The original name of this book is Zi Tongzhi Jian. Later, Li Tao thought that his book could not be compared with "Zi Tong Zhi Jian". When Sima Guang compiled the Longer Edition of Xunzi Jian, it was compiled by others first, then edited long, and then abridged by Sima Guang himself, so he named the book he was going to compile as Longer Edition of Xunzi Jian. Song Xiaozong attached great importance to the book Xu Zitong's Long Edited Bamboo Slips, and the imperial edict wrote Xu Zitong's Long Edited Bamboo Slips according to the pattern and font size of the book, and wrote Li Dao at the front of the volume according to the title of Sima Guang, which achieved the same treatment as Zitongzhi Bamboo Slips.