Located at the south foot of Huoshan Mountain, which is about 0/7km northeast of Hongdong County, it was built in the first year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 147) and renamed Guangsheng Temple in the Tang Dynasty. The Yuan Dynasty was destroyed by an earthquake, and the existing temples were built in the Yuan Dynasty. During the reign of Jian Zheng and Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 15 15- 1527), the Hung Fei Pagoda was built in Shangsi.
Guangsheng Temple is divided into upper and lower halls. Shangsi is a rectangular courtyard, built at the top of the southern foot of Huoshan Mountain. Along the central axis, it is composed of the mountain gate, Hongfei Tower, Tomi Hall, Daxiong Hall, Pilu Hall, Guanyin Hall, Dizang Hall, wing and corridor.
The mountain gate is suspended from the top of the mountain by pipe tiles, four feet deep and three rooms wide. The wooden sign of Guangsheng Temple hanging high in the middle of the mountain gate was inscribed by Zhang Ruiqi, a native of Zhaocheng County in the early years of the Republic of China. Under the door, the two generals groaned and glared at each other, showing overwhelming majesty.
Walking out of the gate, Hong Fei Tower, a towering glass tower, is impressive. According to the Buddhist scripture "Records of the Western Regions of Datang", this pagoda is one of the nineteen pagodas in China. This glass tower with unique shape and superb design art was built in the Ming Dynasty. According to the inscription, this tower was built in the Tang Dynasty, but it was destroyed by the earthquake in the Yuan Dynasty. The reconstruction began in the tenth year of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 15 15) and was completed in the sixth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1527). This exquisite and huge glass tower lasted twelve spring and autumn periods from construction to completion. More than 90 years later, in the second year of the apocalypse, it took another two years to build a veranda (A.D. 1622- 1623). The whole tower is octagonal, divided into 13 grades, with a height of 47. 13 meters. The ladder in the tower is cleverly designed and goes straight to the top of the tower, which is rare in China. The tower is made of blue bricks, with glazed eaves on each floor, and the next three floors are especially beautiful. There are arches under the eaves, exquisite lotus chair columns, and colorful patterns such as Buddha statues, bodhisattvas, Crouching Tiger, rare birds and animals. Hong Fei Tower is rock solid. Although it has been eroded by snow for more than 400 years, it is still intact. In the thirty-fourth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1695), an earthquake of magnitude 8 occurred in Pingyang Basin, which was also safe and sound. There is an inscription on the top of the tower of that year's earthquake, which provides valuable information for the study of Pingyang earthquake in that year. According to the records of the tower monument, the tower was designed by a monk, and now he is a native of Xiangfenchai Village, whose legal name is Dalian. Monk Darien carefully designed this tower for more than 40 years, and then presided over the construction of the tower in 12. Under the condition of underdeveloped science and technology in the past, this is not only a great achievement in the history of tower building in China, but also fully shows the high wisdom and outstanding talent of the working people in ancient China. Because the whole tower is decorated with earth tone glass, when the sun is shining high, it looks like a beautiful rainbow from a distance, so it is named Hongfei Tower. The breeze blew, and the whole tower 1 12 Tieling bells jingled, as if playing a beautiful music, which filled the air and made people feel relaxed and happy. Just as Amin scholar Wang Han said: A tower is exquisite driving the sky, and mountains and rivers are full of autumn wind. Juyuntang is often set up by monks, but it is not allowed to go far.
The front hall of Tomi Temple was rebuilt in the 11th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1532), with five rooms in width, six rafters in depth and a single eaves resting on the top of the mountain. A bronze statue of Amitabha Buddha in the temple, together with the lotus seat in Chiba, is more than three meters high, and its two big knees are like a very uneven small stage with a vivid expression. There are Guanyin and Bodhisattva on both sides of Tomi Giant Buddha, with delicate figure, slight inclination and fluttering clothes, similar to Song sculpture, which has been unanimously appreciated by sculptors in ancient and modern times. Tommy, Guanyin and Shiyu are collectively called the Three Saints of the West. On the east wall of the temple is a large mural with different lines of heaven, earth and hell. There is also a giant mural on the fan-shaped wall of the temple, named "All Bodhisattvas worship Buddha III", which was a work when the temple was built. Below the mural, on the platform more than one meter high, there is a Maitreya Buddha with a big belly, with his chest open and his face lit up. It is a very funny picture, which makes people laugh, but it is impossible.
Not infected by his generosity and contempt for the world. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang wrote a good couplet for him, which can accommodate many things in the world. Good people always laugh and laugh at ridiculous people in the world. The main hall is quite creative in architecture. The upper part is a mirror-mouth-shaped frame, and six large inclined beams on four sides support the pressure of the upper beam frame. The whole hall is exquisitely structured and original, and it is the only architectural masterpiece of Ming Dynasty in China. On the east and west sides of the temple, there are fasting prayer cabinets. These fast prayer cabinets are used to store China's unique rare book Zhao Jincheng's Collection, which is now in the Beijing Library.
Pilu Hall is also called Houda Hall. Renovation in the tenth year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (AD 1497). The whole hall is divided into five rooms from east to west and six rafters from north to south. The glazed tile at the top of the hall is dedicated to three Tathagata, which is more than four meters high. In the middle is Pilu Channa Buddha, on the right is Nafo, an anti-inflammatory and life-prolonging drug in the oriental glass world, and on the left is Amitabha Buddha in the western paradise. The three giant buddhas are simple in shape, rich in expression, vivid in eyes and full of wisdom, which can be called eye-catching. There are four Buddhas, from Guanyin, Manjusri, Pu Xian and Dizang. Four Bodhisattvas, with slight profile and dignified expression. In front of the Buddha statue, there is a Tomi Buddha statue with 1000 bronze Buddha statues on it, commonly known as the Thousand Buddha Pagodas. Unfortunately, in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, 1000 bronze Buddha statues were knocked out and stolen by the invaders, and none survived. There are four heavenly kings on both sides of the temple: holding the country, growing up, listening more and seeing more. According to the Buddhist scriptures, the four heavenly kings are the gods who manage their mountains and forests, and they can call the wind and rain. Thirty-five iron Buddha statues are enshrined in wood carving niches along the wall, and there are 53 Buddha statues painted with murals on three walls. The twelve-rounded mural on the back wall is gorgeous, with a wide picture and smooth and vigorous lines. This painting was created in the eighth year of Zheng De in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 15 13). There are only four gold pillars in the temple, and two 17 meters long internal forehead and nearly five long spans are placed horizontally above them to support the pressure of the upper beam frame, so the large climbing beam construction method is boldly used. The whole hall has a strange structure, similar to the Yuan Dynasty. There are dozens of stone tablets around the main hall, one of which was inscribed by Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong in Guangsheng Temple: Standing on a snake, ghosts worry for five days. The summit of Brahma in Longpan is steep, and the phoenix exhibition has been rolled up. As true as printing the true holy road, evil spirits are closed. Confucian disciples should be hard to know, and monk Hu nodded with a smile. These stone tablets provide valuable historical materials for studying the changing history of Guangsheng Temple.
On the west side of Pilu Hall is the Dizang King Hall, commonly known as the Ten Kings Hall. The inscription said that it was built in the Ming Dynasty, and the glass ridge dragon on the top of the hall flew in the sky, which is a masterpiece of Ming Dynasty architecture. There is a one-meter-high Buddhist platform in the temple, on which there are ten halls of Yan, which are in charge of hell, among which there is the Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha. There are many pavilions and bodhisattvas hanging in the temple, and there are more than 40 Buddha statues, large and small. It was restored in the thirty-second year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1693).
The lower temple was built at the foot of Huoshan Mountain, facing Huoquan, facing south, but only two miles away from the upper temple. According to the inscription on the reconstruction of Si Xia, Si Xia was founded in the first year of Kaiyuan in Tang Dynasty (7 13). More than fifty years later, Guo Ziyi and Guo Ziyi invited the emperor to repair and expand Si Xia. In the seventh year of Dade in Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1303), a major earthquake occurred. There is a monument in the temple, which records that the evil water in the extra-large canal weir in Hedong County could not flow through the earthquake on the sixth day of August in the seventh year of Yuan Dade. The temple was severely damaged. In the second year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1309) and the Ming and Qing Dynasties, large-scale construction was carried out, and there are 5 existing temples.
The lower temple consists of the mountain gate, the former Buddha Hall, the Great Buddha Hall and many halls.
The mountain gate, also known as the Temple of the Heavenly King, was built in the Yuan Dynasty, with three rooms wide from east to west and a single eaves resting on the top of the mountain. There were four heavenly kings in the original temple, which were destroyed in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. The building in the temple adopts the horizontal connector of the moon beam and column, and a double flower rain tower is added to the front and rear eaves, which looks like a pavilion in Chongyang, without colonnade under the eaves. The treatment of beam structure is highly scientific and artistic. It is rare to add rain towers on the front and back eaves and hang heavy columns on the side, which provides very precious physical materials for the study of architecture in Yuan Dynasty in China. Liang Sicheng, a famous ancient architect, once felt that the ancients only knew the value of the classics of Guangsheng Temple, but did not know the wonders of Guangsheng Temple.
Thousand Buddha Temple, also known as Qian Dian. Founded in the Yuan Dynasty, it was destroyed by an earthquake during the Dade period of the Yuan Dynasty and rebuilt in the eighth year of Chenghua (AD 1472). There are five things in the whole hall, and the tiles are suspended from the mountain. The building of the main hall adopts a large climbing beam, which looks like a herringbone frame, and the upper part is provoked by two large inclined beams. It can be seen that ancient architects in China have long understood and applied the lever principle. The whole hall has a unique structure, economical materials and bold handling, which is a brilliant achievement of Ming Dynasty architecture in China. There are more than ten statues in the temple, all of which were destroyed in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.
The Great Buddha Hall, also known as Houdian, was built in the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty. It was destroyed by the Dade earthquake in the seventh year of Yuan Dynasty and rebuilt in the second year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1309). There are seven rooms in the east and west, eight rafters deep, and a single eaves hanging from the top of the mountain. There are Pilufo, Pharmacist Buddha, Amitabha III, Manjusri Bodhisattva and Samantabhadra in the temple. Plastic method has the characteristics of oriental art and is a work when the temple was built. The walls of the whole hall are covered with murals. 1928, American imperialists colluded with local local tyrants and evil gentry, stole murals from abroad and hid them in the Weiner Art Museum in Kansas, USA. There is a painting of 16 square meters on the upper part of the east wall, which is named: 53 ginseng, the blessed boy of Guanyin Bodhisattva. The painting is exquisite and the scene is vast.
The characters look around, lifelike, and made for building a temple. 197 1 When it was restored, it was removed from the mural and kept in the cultural relics library of Guangsheng Temple.