① Replacing traditional nutrient solution with organic solid fertilizer: Traditional soilless culture is to prepare various inorganic fertilizers into a certain concentration of nutrient solution for crops to absorb and utilize. Organic ecotype soilless culture is to directly mix various organic fertilizers or inorganic fertilizers into the substrate as the basis for supplying nutrients needed by cultivated crops. During the whole growth period of crops, solid fertilizer can be directly applied to the substrate surface several times every few days to maintain the supply intensity of nutrients.
② Simple operation and management: the traditional soilless culture nutrient solution needs to maintain a certain concentration of various nutrient elements and their balance, especially the effectiveness of trace elements. Organic ecotype soilless culture adopts substrate culture and organic fertilizer, which not only has complete nutrients, but also has excess trace elements. Therefore, the total supply and balance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are mainly considered in management, which greatly simplifies the operation and management process.
(3) Greatly reduce the one-time investment of soilless culture facilities and systems: Because organic ecotype soilless culture does not use nutrient solution, the equipment, testing system, timer, circulating pump and other facilities required for preparing nutrient solution can be completely eliminated.
(4) Save a lot of production cost: Sterilized organic fertilizer is mainly used in organic ecotype soilless culture, and its fertilizer cost is 60-80% lower than that of nutrient solution. Thereby greatly saving the production cost of soilless culture.
⑤ No pollution to the environment: Under the condition of soilless culture, about 20% of the water or nutrient solution discharge system is normal during irrigation, but if the salt concentration in the discharged liquid is too high, it will pollute the environment. The nitrate content in the effluent of organic ecotype soilless culture system is only 1 ~ 4 mg/L, which has no pollution to the environment, while the nitrate content in the effluent of rock wool culture system is as high as 2 12mg/ L, which has serious pollution to groundwater. It can be seen that the application of organic ecotype soilless culture method to produce vegetables is not only clean and hygienic, but also pollution-free to the environment.
⑥ The product quality can meet the standard of green food: from the cultivation substrate to the fertilizer applied, organic matter is the main component. After the organic fertilizer is processed to a certain extent (for example, by using high temperature and anaerobic fermentation, etc.). ), there will not be too many harmful inorganic salts in the process of decomposing and releasing nutrients. A small amount of inorganic fertilizer does not contain nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, and it is not polluted by other harmful chemicals during planting. The products meet the A-level or AA-level green food standards.
To sum up, organic ecotype soilless culture has the remarkable characteristics of saving investment, low cost, less labor, easy operation, high yield and high quality products. It introduces organic agriculture into soilless culture, which is a simple, efficient and low-cost soilless culture technology. Since the introduction of this technology, it has been favored by the majority of producers. At present, it has been widely used in Beijing, Shanxi, Shandong, Henan, Liaoning, Xinjiang, Gansu, Guangdong, Hainan and other places, which has played a good demonstration role and achieved good economic and social benefits.