The government's purchase of public library operation services means that the government introduces the market mechanism, and gives the public library operation management services it should provide to qualified social organizations, institutions, enterprises or institutions through public bidding, invitation to bid, competitive negotiation and inquiry, and the government pays the fees according to the quantity and quality of the services provided by the undertaker. The undertaker is divided into independent undertaker and cooperative undertaker. Purchasing services from social forces is an important auxiliary way for public libraries.

Library outsourcing is to entrust external enterprises or groups to provide various business activities and services that should be operated by libraries in order to reduce costs, save time, improve efficiency and quality. Mainly, the library entrusts agents to provide the required business functions through contracts. As far as the library is concerned, there are two main considerations in the outsourcing process: one is to focus on reader service based on the requirements of efficient organizational adjustment and post reorganization; Second, based on the consideration of overall funding, do a good job in library cost accounting.