Characteristics of Indian Buddha statue 1: symbolic
Hinduism, in particular, uses symbols of cosmic life in its plastic arts. It extracts some modeling elements from natural forms and then expresses them in supernatural forms. For example, many faces and many arms, three heads and six arms, four sides and eight arms, half man, half beast, half man and half woman, etc. , are surreal shapes. And jump directly from metaphysical form to metaphysical concept, or express abstract concept in concrete form.
Characteristics 2 of Indian Buddha statues: decorative;
Almost all art is decorative, and almost all oriental art is decorative. So what are the distinctive features of the decorative nature of Indian art? Especially complicated. The decorations of many Hindu idols are very complicated. A Biography of a Monk in the Song Dynasty? The biography of the Korean side compares the translation of Chinese and Sanskrit, and puts forward a viewpoint called? There are so many Tianzhu, but the Qin people are so simple. . Throughout our ancient prose, it is often ambiguous and concise. Indian literature, especially poetry, is very complicated.
Introduction to the characteristics of Indian Buddha statues 3: stylization
Now that we mention it? Stylized? , is considered to be a rigid performance. In fact, the program is a symbol of the maturity of art, and art can only form a program when it reaches a certain mature stage. Whether it is an era, a country, a painter or an artist, his ability to create new programs is a sign of his artistic maturity. But if this program is fixed and repetitive, it is of course rigid.
The statues of Indian gods have formed a set of obvious procedures, which are relatively fixed and even last for thousands of years. It often draws lessons from dance, literature (especially poetry) and religious practice (such as yoga). Yoga is now considered as a fitness activity. In India, it is a practice method adopted by all religions. What is the original intention of yoga? Containment? What does extension mean? Combination connection? Refers to the connection between human inner spirit and external spirit.
So-called? Containment? It is to control people's lust and achieve the unity of people's inner spirit and outer spirit. This is the original intention of yoga and the purpose of all religious practices in India. Indian idols extract modeling elements from sister arts such as literature, dance, yoga and even religious factors.
There are two key points in this, one is posture. Translate it into Buddhist scriptures? Print? , Sanskrit is mudras. When I was studying in India, I asked my tutor, what is the word mudras? Seal? Meaning? He said no. I asked, how do we translate it in China? Seal? Meaning, just? He said no, didn't he? Gestures? . Then I looked it up in the Sanskrit dictionary, and it was a polysemous word. What is its original intention? Seal? What does it mean later? Gestures? .
Maybe our ancients took its original meaning when they translated it. This? Gestures? To a great extent, it draws lessons from dance gestures and yoga gestures. Indian dance, especially rich in gesture changes. Because gesture is the second expression of human beings, it is called in India? The flower of the body? , is the gesture of the soul, so if you dance, one is the eyes and the other is the gesture. What did I say before? Flower potential? 、? Elephant trunk potential? It's all different gestures. Then put your hands flat, which is a posture of yoga.
What else is there? Fearless Is to stand up and let believers not be afraid. These gestures are extracted from dance and yoga, and they all have specific symbolic meanings. There is also sitting posture, especially the posture of sitting like an idol, with meditation, lotus potential and the king sitting comfortably? Just a leg hanging down. Various sitting postures also show different things.
There are three kinds of statues. The first is the image of upright posture, sitting in danger or upright, which is generally manifested as the orthomorphism of God. The second is trilogy, for example, the three-foot tower medicine fork woman in the exhibition hangs S-shaped obliquely, which is a program that shows the beauty of Indian standard women's bodies.
Rudolph? In arnheim's Art and Visual Perception, it is said that the visual perception of human body has a natural tendency to return to a straight line when it sees something curved, thus producing an internal tension. Also, the S-shaped curve just shows the beauty of women's torso. We in China look at the beauty of women mainly from the face, while Indians and Westerners mainly look at the figure, and the beauty of women's figure is mainly manifested in the torso, so the S-shape highlights the female torso.
Bodhisattva Doro has no head, but it still looks beautiful, because the lines of her trunk are beautiful. There are also three pools of drug fork women, which perfectly show the vitality and fertility of women. Later, this style was widely used, and many male bodhisattvas often used trilogy. Some Maitreya Buddhas and Bodhisattvas in the exhibition are also bent into an S-shape.
The third is the ultimate bending potential, which is a posture that maximizes the trilogy potential, that is, the human body is highly twisted, which can be said to completely violate the normal dynamic structure of the human body and can show great mobility and vitality. Flying in the exhibition, its whole body is twisted into a very curved potential, showing the vitality of that kind of life explosion.