After my daughter went to college to study Chinese, she had a special course to learn Chinese characters in the first semester. Teacher Wang took out a detailed explanation of Chinese characters-1000 the origin and evolution of Chinese characters from his study and gave it to his daughter, who was full of praise after reading it. Ironically, Mr. Wang bought this book for his daughter shortly after she went to primary school, but her daughter never wanted to read it. Later, I put it in the bookcase, but I didn't expect it to come in handy when she went to college.
The introduction of Shuo Wen Jie Zi is like this:
Taking 65,438+0,000 representative commonly used Chinese characters as examples, this book respectively expounds how they evolved from Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jinwen to Xiaozhuan, regular script and simplified characters. At the same time, through the analysis of form, the internal relationship between form and the meaning of each word is explained in detail. The original meaning, extended meaning and borrowed meaning of each word are also described with examples in ancient poetry as evidence. This paper compares some words that are easy to be mistaken, mispronounced and misused from three aspects: form, sound and meaning, and points out the reasons for the mistakes and the methods for correcting them. This book helps to improve readers' ability to read ancient poems and use words correctly; It is also a reference book of great practical value for people who are engaged in Chinese teaching.
As can be seen from the introduction, this is a highly academic professional book, which is not suitable for primary school students to read. I also questioned this point to my husband at that time. He thought that when primary school students just started to learn Chinese characters, if they could cooperate with their daughter's study and explain the origin of Chinese characters to her, it would definitely help her learn better. But the reality is that after I got this book back, my husband and I read too much, and the children didn't like it at all, so we told our daughter that she didn't want to listen.
Actually, there are quite a few cases like this. It is often my husband who buys books for my daughter. My daughter doesn't like reading them very much, but most of the books I choose for my daughter like reading them very much. For this reason, I often joke that my husband doesn't understand children's psychology, while my husband laughs at my immaturity.
Later, we analyzed that most of the books Mr. Wang bought focused on knowledge and practicality, that is, the so-called "useful books", while I paid more attention to story, interest and vividness, that is, the so-called "good-looking books". The reason why a daughter likes reading "good books" rather than "useful books" depends on her psychological and thinking development. In primary school, children's thinking changes from concrete image thinking to logical thinking, especially in the lower grades of primary school. Children's logical thinking is bound by concrete image thinking to a great extent, and their logical reasoning needs to rely on the support of concrete images, and even needs to interpret abstract concepts by intuition, which is also the reason why there are so many graphics in the mathematics textbooks of grade one and grade two in primary schools. At this stage, children are interested in books with illustrations, even comic books without words. They rely on concrete images to understand the content of words, or they can simply interpret their own truth by looking at pictures. Moreover, the books I bought are just in line with the children's appetite, so my daughter prefers to read them.
When my daughter first went to primary school, I didn't know psychology, so when I buy books, if my daughter is not around, I often rely on intuition. It is much easier to take my daughter to the bookstore to choose books. We often take our daughter to the bookstore to read books. After her daughter became literate, she rummaged through the bookshelves of the bookstore and finally sat down with the book. I usually follow my daughter to see what books she is more interested in, and then choose the books that are more suitable for her according to my judgment. This is a very effective and simple trick-give what you like, so that the books you buy will generally be liked by your daughter.
In the first semester of senior high school, my daughter and I once visited the bookstore and found that she was eyeing a book "Smart Fast Food for Primary School Students". I browsed it. This is a set of books. The words in the book are all pinyin, and the contents are simple stories. Each story also has one or two small illustrations of stick figures. Moreover, the story is about the knowledge of primary school students in various subjects, and even math problems are expressed in the form of stories. I found it very interesting and informative, and my daughter liked it, so I bought this set of books with a try.
When I got home, I tried to tell my daughter a few stories, which the children especially liked. When I came home from school the next day, my daughter looked like she was holding a book. I read slowly at first because she didn't know most of the figures. She must read pinyin first and then translate it into complete sentences. A few days later, I found that her speed was faster, not because she read more words, but because she read pinyin faster. Moreover, after this, my daughter's enthusiasm for reading was out of control. Then we bought her several sets of comics, such as Father and Son, Garfield and Snoopy, and also bought many story books with pinyin. Only after that semester, my daughter's reading and knowledge have improved by leaps and bounds.
There are so many children's books in bookstores now that parents sometimes can't tell what kind of books are suitable for their children. And even books placed on the "children's books" shelf may not be suitable for children to read. In this case, we might as well observe the children and see what kind of books attract them. Buying books for children with children's eyes can also be said to consider the problem from the perspective of children and respect their choices. Only by meeting the needs of children will the effect be good.
Another way to choose good extracurricular reading materials for children is to pay attention to what books their classmates are reading.
When my daughter was in the fourth grade, her deskmate was a boy who liked reading very much. My daughter often borrows books from him, such as Horror Science, Ugly Bug and Plant Spell, which is very exciting. One day, after my daughter went to bed, I looked through half a book of homicide and found it very good. I bought a whole set online the next day. My daughter was very happy to see that I bought her a full set of Science of Terror and read most of it in a short time.
The series Science of Terror is rich in content, humorous in language and exaggerated in illustrations. After reading this series of books, children can learn all kinds of knowledge in a relaxed and happy state without boring memories. At that time, I could always see my daughter giggling while reading. Later, I recommended it to many friends' children, and the response was very good.
Through my daughter's study in primary school for several years, I have a small discovery: when I show my children comic books, I must let them read some classics, such as Father and Son, Snoopy and San Mao Wandering. Some comic books are not suitable for children, although children like them.
At one time, my daughter especially liked anime books, and her classmates were also circulating. However, during that time, I found that my daughter's composition was not so good. The biggest problem is that the sentence is incoherent, and one or two onomatopoeic words pop up from time to time in the text, such as "bang" and "pa". At first, I was confused. Later, it was found that they were all comic books, because there were almost no coherent words in those comic books, only some short onomatopoeia words and the shouts of characters in the picture. My daughter has seen a lot, and such words have appeared in her own composition. I don't think this is very good, so I communicated this phenomenon in my daughter's composition with her Chinese teacher, and the teacher felt the same way. Later, I bought other books for my daughter. After a few days, the "comic language" in my daughter's composition gradually became less and less.
To satisfy curiosity, children need to read more books; Children need to read more books to learn knowledge. Parents have the responsibility to satisfy their children's desire for learning. However, it takes parents some time to buy books for their children and books suitable for him to read. Parents can certainly use their brains to come up with a good way to choose the right books for their children.
Newspapers and magazines, fresh knowledge
As an experienced person, whenever someone asks me what my children usually read, I always tell them that it is very necessary for them to read newspapers every day. My daughter benefited a lot from reading newspapers since she was a child.
My husband and I have been subscribing to Beijing Youth Daily since we came to Beijing. The most important thing for my husband to go home every day is to read the newspaper. I read it carefully. Sometimes I whisper to myself, "Do you want to read the newspaper?" When my daughter was in kindergarten, because she wanted her father to play with her, she often snatched the newspaper from her father and threw it aside, saying, "Read the newspaper again!" " "I think my daughter learned her words from me. Sometimes when I am busy with housework, I can't help but say something when I see my husband always looking through the newspaper. My daughter takes this against her father.
After her daughter went to primary school, she began to study. In grade one, she likes to lie in the newspaper, read the words she knows when her parents read the newspaper, and count how many words she knows. So I counted, and suddenly one day, I found that she stopped counting the words she knew, but began to read the newspaper.
Since about the second grade, my daughter has read Beijing Youth Daily almost every day. From the beginning, I only read C comics, "Looking for Differences" and Sudoku, to read some short stories that happened around me, and gradually developed the habit of reading newspapers. At that time, I took the newspaper back every day when I entered the door and put it on the shoe cabinet or the dining table. When my daughter came home from school, she put down her schoolbag and began to read the newspaper. When she sees the wonderful places, she will communicate with us happily.
When I was in junior high school and high school, my daughter began to pay attention to the major events at home and abroad when she read the newspaper, and often expressed her views. Sometimes she will argue with her father about a problem.
Because of reading newspapers, my daughter's thinking is always different, and her performance among her classmates is also outstanding. The teacher said that her ideas were always novel and she knew more than other students. I remember very clearly that when my daughter was in the fourth grade, her class teacher said something to me: "Your daughter is really amazing. She actually used the words of the national leaders in her class speech." Her father and I guessed that this should be what our daughter saw in the newspaper and it came in handy in class.
When I was in junior high school and senior high school, my daughter began to pay attention to international and domestic events when she read newspapers, and often expressed her views. Sometimes she will argue with her father about a problem. After middle school, I began to write argumentative essays, and my daughter often quoted the most vivid current events in her articles, adding a lot of color to the articles. After the division, she studied liberal arts, and it was easy to learn comprehensive literature. Nowadays, the comprehensive examination of literature and art not only tests the things in textbooks, but also tests the ability to analyze and solve problems, which is often closely combined with reality. At this time, the advantages of reading newspapers are even more obvious.
In addition, I also specially asked my friend who is an editor to make a boutique shopping guide for my daughter. This is a very fashionable newspaper. The reason why I let my daughter read it is to let her know something fashionable and broaden her horizons. And as a girl, there is nothing wrong with keeping up with the trend. I really don't want her to become a modern "out" youth who only reads dead books and can't dress up. Facts have proved that when she grew up, her dress taste was somewhat influenced by this newspaper, and she looked really lively and beautiful, youthful and sunny.
High-quality family education should be full of many processes of "moistening things quietly" and "inadvertently inserting willows into the shade", which is the case in my family. We didn't deliberately let the children read the newspaper at first, and everything went on naturally and slowly. What I want to say is that parents are really powerful as role models. It is precisely because my husband and I read newspapers every day, and my daughter also read them, which has formed a good habit of reading newspapers. The contents of newspapers are all things that happen now, and what children learn through newspapers are very vivid current events, which are undoubtedly "history" and "politics" that happen around them. Reading newspapers can make children "care about family affairs, state affairs and world events". I think it should be a high-level education.
In addition to newspapers, subscribing to several good children's magazines is also an effective means to broaden your knowledge.
Subscribe to Beijing Youth Daily, and there will be several free gifts for readers to choose from. All along, we choose Reader magazine all year round. Although the articles in The Reader are simple, they are all true and touching stories or incisive and profound philosophical essays, from which we can learn a lot of humanistic knowledge. Almost since I fell in love with Beijing Youth Daily, my daughter has been reading Reader magazine with us. The Reader can be said to be the longest book read in our family. As soon as every issue of Reader enters the house, everyone is always scrambling to read it. At first, my daughter only watched Humor and Jokes, which is easy to understand. Later, she began to read short stories, and gradually, she was asked to read each one. In this same reading background, the stories and opinions in The Reader have become a topic that our family often talks about and even argues about. After her daughter went to junior high school, the teacher specially ordered her to subscribe to Reader magazine. At that time, my daughter had been studying for several years. My daughter's writing is simple, but full of true feelings, which is the result of the influence of Reader.
In addition to readers, during the six years of primary school, we also subscribed to Mickey Mouse, which she liked since childhood, and publications suitable for primary school students such as children's literature and juvenile literature. Chinese national geography was originally a magazine that my husband and I liked very much. I didn't expect my daughter to like it and benefit from it. When she was in high school, she studied geography very easily. Natural History is a popular science magazine specially launched by chinese national geography Publishing House for teenagers. My daughter began to subscribe from the sixth grade of primary school until she graduated from high school.
Compared with books, magazines are short and independent articles, and children can finish reading one soon, so that children who can't concentrate for a long time won't feel bored. Lightweight magazines such as Mickey Mouse and Reader are usually read by a daughter at one go, and her sense of accomplishment is greatly satisfied without spending too much time. The most important thing is that the knowledge in magazines can make up for the lack of knowledge in textbooks. Chinese national geography and natural history magazines can be used as supplementary teaching materials for science and science classes in primary schools, so that a good knowledge base laid at an early age will be of great help to children's learning of biology and geography after entering middle school. Reading magazines is more conducive to writing. Learning from other people's articles is bound to be rich in vocabulary and fluent in language. Every time my daughter writes a composition in primary school, she always writes quickly and well. Unlike some children who are in a hurry to write a composition, an article has to be held back for two or three hours. Isn't this the credit for reading magazines?
There is no doubt that extracurricular reading is very important. If masterpieces are delicacies, newspapers and magazines are the side dishes on the table. Comparatively speaking, the latter is essential, easier for children to digest and economical. Moreover, in order to make reading a habit, it is undoubtedly more convenient to guide children with newspapers and magazines. Nowadays, there are more and more kinds of newspapers and magazines with better quality. Parents may wish to carefully select several newspapers and magazines suitable for their children to read, so that their children can grow up healthily and happily.
A rotten encyclopedia
In those years when we first arrived in Beijing, Mr. Wang often wrote some articles in his spare time and published them in newspapers and magazines. After getting the payment, he always goes straight to Haidian Bookstore to buy books. I remember clearly that the first payment Mr. Wang received in Beijing was 100 yuan. After receiving the payment, he immediately went to the book mall and bought his daughter an illustrated book, The Latest 2 1 Century Children's Encyclopedia. The price is only 65,438+000 yuan. This is a book that we have been coveting for a long time. At that time, we were reluctant to buy it because we thought 100 yuan was too expensive.
We like this encyclopedia because our daughter always asks endless questions every day, and sometimes she makes us speechless. For example, when there is a power failure, we light a candle. She stared at the flame of the candle and asked, "Why is the flame of the candle blue and red?" When she goes to the natural history museum, she will ask, "How did the first man on earth come?" Sometimes she is satisfied with our answers, and sometimes she is not satisfied. In a few days, she will ask the same question again and say, "Mom, I still don't understand …" Many times, due to the limitation of our knowledge, there was no way to answer her question at all. At that time, there was no Internet.
After we bought the latest 2 1 century children's encyclopedia, my husband and I got the treasure. As long as our daughter asks questions that we can't answer, we will watch. This book is divided into more than ten parts, such as the world's Vientiane, the world's style, the animal world and the plant world. Covers a wide range and basically meets the needs of daughters. Slowly, when we couldn't answer our daughter, she reminded us, "Can't you look through the books?"
After attending primary school, my daughter began to study. Whenever she encounters any problem, she will take the initiative to go to the latest 2 1 century children's encyclopedia to find the answer.
One day when my daughter was in the second grade, our family went to climb the mountain and saw many small pits like funnels on the road. My daughter was curious, so she squatted down to observe and asked what it was. I grew up in the countryside and saw this thing when I was a child. This is a bug. It will grind the soil with its own mouth, build a nest on the land that looks like a funnel, and then hide at the bottom of the funnel. When I was a child, I often used bugs to dig out my nest and put it in my hand. I feel insects crawling around in the dirt of my palm, itchy and interesting. Because the bug moves backwards when building a nest, we call it "Sister fell down", and a group of children often get together and shout "Sister fell down" to watch the bug build a nest.
My daughter is very happy to listen to me and feels very novel. She will take one home and observe it carefully, trying to find out what the bug is called and what its habits are. So we put the bug and its nest in an empty mineral water bottle and took it home. As soon as she got home, her daughter hurried through her latest 2 1 century children's encyclopedia. In the "animal world" section, she is almost page by page. Finally, in the section of "creatures in the soil", through a small picture and the following text, she learned that this insect is called an ant lion, which is a larva of an ant nest. Because the information in the latest 2 1 century children's encyclopedia is very limited, my daughter found Cihai and finally got a clear picture of the ant lion. It turns out that the ant lion feeds on ants, and the funnel-shaped nest it creates is a trap for catching ants. When ants climb to the edge of the nest, they will slip to the bottom of the funnel accidentally, and then the ant lion hiding in the soil will catch the ants and have a good meal. The ant lion turns into a pupa in the soil and finally emerges from the nest.
Knowing this, my daughter went to catch ants after school every day and began to raise an ant lion until it became an ant nest. At the same time, she also wrote an observation diary.
After the ant lion incident, my daughter likes her latest 2 1 century children's encyclopedia even more. She saw something she didn't know outside, so she will go and have a look when she comes back. Even if she doesn't encounter any problems, she likes to read encyclopedias from time to time and learn a lot of popular science knowledge. Before my daughter graduated from elementary school, the cover of the encyclopedia fell off when she turned it over, and the pages fell off.
Once I was scouring rice in the kitchen and found that there were bugs in the barley in the jar, so I asked my daughter to come and see it. My daughter saw a black bug smaller than a wheat grain and blurted out, "Elephant trunk!" " "It turned out that my daughter recognized the wheat worm as a weevil at a glance because she often watched the section Insects. She said excitedly that she had known the weevil for a long time, and finally saw the real thing, and asked me not to dump those wheat grains and let her keep them.
In primary school, my daughter's knowledge in the class is wider and more "learned" than her peers in the class. The latest encyclopedia of children and adolescents in 2 1 century is essential. In fact, she often consults some dictionaries, such as Modern Chinese Dictionary, Cihai, and some popular science books. Whether reading extracurricular books or consulting reference books, or other activities carried out by children, parents' guidance is very important. I often imagine that if Mr. Wang doesn't buy books in time, and if we don't consult the latest encyclopedia of children and adolescents in 2 1 century when we encounter problems, children will not realize the importance of reference books, and the use value of books will be impossible to talk about.
When my daughter was a child, my husband and I joked that she was "a hundred thousand whys" in my home. Children are full of curiosity about the world. They are born with a strong thirst for knowledge. Their little heads are always full of all kinds of questions. In the face of children who are extremely eager for knowledge, parents can't know everything and answer all questions. Therefore, I think it is very necessary to prepare some reference books for children, so that when children ask endless questions, they can find answers with them. In the process of seeking answers, children's curiosity is satisfied by exploring the root causes of things, and their sense of accomplishment is also satisfied when they solve problems themselves. For a child, the satisfaction of curiosity and sense of accomplishment is a magic weapon to improve his interest in learning.
When choosing reference books for primary school students, we should consider readability and interest. Such reference books can not only solve problems for children, but also be good reading materials at ordinary times. In short, when choosing, we should consider whether the content and style are suitable for children's tastes, and try to choose reference books with better paper quality and comfortable appearance.
Now the search function of the Internet is very powerful. As adults who use computers every day, we may find paper reference books a bit redundant. But for primary school students who don't have extensive access to the Internet, they should still have some reference books at hand for reference at any time. In addition, paper reference books also have their irreplaceable places. After all, you can feel the rich cultural atmosphere and find more accurate information when you turn pages, which is incomparable to online retrieval.