Forestry Department is a department with fewer students in Central University. There are only three students in Xu Yongchun's class: Xu Yongchun, Zhu and Yuan Tonggong. Because there are few students, teachers have more contact with students and have a close relationship, so there are more teachers to teach and help them. At that time, Professor Zheng, a dendrologist, was teaching dendrology, and Yang was a teaching assistant. During the period of 1935- 1936, under the guidance of Yang, I went to the herbarium of the Forestry Department of Central University to see the specimens, and sometimes I went to the Chinese Science Society where Zheng worked to study dendrology systematically. 1938 After graduation, he was introduced by Zheng to work in Sichuan Branch of China Timber Company. In a year's time, in addition to a comprehensive understanding of the vertical forest belt and tree species distribution in Ebian Yi Autonomous County where the company is located, the slideway for transporting wood has been improved, and the problem of hardwood water transportation has been solved. 1In July, 939, at the invitation of Professor Zhang, the first generation forester in China, he went to Kunming to participate in the establishment of the Agricultural College of Yunnan University, and since then he has started his teaching career for more than 50 years. In August 1939, the Agricultural College of Yunnan University was announced. The forestry department of this school is one of the earliest forestry departments in China, the beginning of Yunnan forestry higher education and the predecessor of Southwest Forestry College. Xu Yongchun has been engaged in teaching and teaching leadership in Taichung Agricultural College in Taiwan Province for half a year, of which 1948— 1949 has served as teaching assistant, lecturer, associate professor, professor, dean, vice president and dean. The school underwent many changes, such as relocation during the Anti-Japanese War, adjustment of departments in 1950s, decentralization and merger in 1960s, and merger and separation with Beijing Forestry College in 1970s, until 1983 was changed to Southwest Forestry College. Xu Yongchun began to prepare for the establishment of the school in the 1930s. Until the 1980s, the school became a forestry college with southwest characteristics and trained multi-level forestry professionals, and worked hard for it. He has experienced many ups and downs, is determined, and always loves forestry education. During the 50-year teaching career, I have directly taught more than 1000 students and trained a large number of forestry scientific and technological talents for the country. Xu Yongchun is one of the founders of Yunnan forestry higher education. In recognition of his contribution to forestry education,1in June, 1985, Kunming TV station filmed a feature film about his deeds, which was broadcast on Yunnan TV station and CCTV. 1985, China Forestry Society awarded him the honorary certificate of "50 years of forestry work". 1988, botanical society of china awarded him the honorary certificate of "a scientist who has been engaged in botany for 50 years".
Xu Yongchun, an older generation of arborists in China, has made great contributions to the development of dendrology in China. From 1939 to 1949, although he taught many courses, he focused on dendrology. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, he has been engaged in the teaching of dendrology. In the long-term teaching work, in order to meet the teaching needs, I have edited the textbook of Tree Science in South China and Southwest Cooperation Area, participated in the compilation of the textbook of Tree Science edited by Nanjing Forestry College and Beijing Forestry College respectively, and compiled the textbook of Tree Science used by the school many times. China has a vast territory, spanning tropical, subtropical and temperate zones, and is rich in tree species. Based on this situation, in order to make the teaching materials of dendrology better meet the teaching needs and be more targeted, the teachers of dendrology in several agricultural and forestry colleges in Xu Yongchun and the south initiated the compilation of the southern version of the textbook of dendrology in the spring of 1985. This initiative was later approved by the Ministry of Forestry.
Xu Yongchun has trained many experts in dendrology, which is his great contribution to dendrology. In addition to teaching dendrology to college students, he also takes advanced students and graduate students. His students are all over the country, which can be described as "peaches and plums all over the world", and many of them have become the backbone of scientific research, teaching and production. Tan Peixiang, a researcher at South China Institute of Botany, Ren Xianwei, a professor at Beijing Forestry University, Sun Bixing, a professor at Yunnan University, Zhao Rulin, a professor at Nanjing University, and Hu Xiuquan, the former director of Kunming Garden Department, are all students from Xu Yongchun. He sets an example to educate his students. He is always ready to give advice and takes pains to ask students what they want in business. In view of the postgraduate project, he provided them with the books and periodicals collected in his years of teaching and research. He is very strict with his students. Graduate students are required to "learn dendrology well not only in theory, but also in practice, often go to the wild, do more investigations and collect more specimens, so as to learn well and learn solidly". Once, after reading the postgraduate examination paper, he said, "Everyone got good grades, but the handwriting was not very good. I hope that when you graduate, your handwriting will be better than now. " This meticulous spirit makes graduate students deeply educated. For many years, Xu Yongchun has taken students to field practice every year. In addition to frequent visits to central Yunnan, he has also been to Lijiang Snow Mountain, JD.COM Wuliang Mountain, Binchuan Jizu Mountain, Yunlong Tianchi, Baoshan, Wenshan and Hekou, covering most parts of Yunnan. At the age of 75, he also led four graduate students to study and practice in Xishuangbanna, Lancang, Menglian and Lincang.
Because of Xu Yongchun's contribution to dendrology, all the participants unanimously elected him as the first chairman of the dendrology professional committee of China at the inaugural meeting of the dendrology professional committee of China Forestry Society held in Dayong City, Hunan Province in June (1985+0 1).
For decades, Xu Yongchun has made great efforts in teaching and devoted himself to scientific research. In the late 1940s, he began to study Fagaceae, and he wrote The Study of Quercus in Kunming. Since 1970s, he and his assistant Ren Xianwei have conducted in-depth research on FAGACEAE plants in Yunnan and Tibet, published more than 65,438+00 papers such as Classification and Distribution of FAGACEAE in Yunnan, and compiled three genera of FAGACEAE in the second volume of Flora of Yunnan, Flora of Tibet and Flora of China. At the invitation of the editorial board of Flora of China, Flora of China compiled 3 genera of Fagaceae (Fenugreek, Quercus and Cyclobalanopsis). Through the research and arrangement of FAGACEAE, the new distribution records of more than 20 new species, 20 new combinations, 10 species and 1 genus were published. Among them, the second volume of Yunnan Flora won the second prize of Yunnan Science and Technology Commission1980; The flora of Tibet is a comprehensive research topic of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and won the special prize of collective scientific and technological progress of China Academy of Sciences 1986.
In 1970s, Xu Yongchun participated in the compilation of Afforestation Techniques of Main Tree Species in China and won the first prize of the Ministry of Forestry.
Xu Yongchun has studied the classification of FAGACEAE for several decades, and its main feature is to apply dialectical materialism to the classification of trees, and pay close attention to the influence of different habitats on trees and the resulting morphological differences, thus clarifying many synonyms that have been used for a long time in history. Through the compilation of the second volume of Flora of Yunnan, he systematically sorted out and studied FAGACEAE in Yunnan for the first time, which made its species much less than the original list. And find those merged species, the problem is how to treat the type specimens. Xu Yongchun believes that some species of FAGACEAE are widely distributed, including most parts of Asia. In such a large range, the mountains are high and the slopes are low, the slopes are sunny, and the environment is inside and outside the forest. Coupled with artificial drying, different individuals of a species will have great morphological changes. It is unscientific to regard all individuals of a species as exactly the same as type specimens. In other words, we need to understand the type specimens from an ecological perspective. Plant taxonomists should have ecological knowledge and field work experience to understand the variation of plants in different growing environments, so as to understand nature and master its laws. Otherwise, a little variation in the morphology of a plant will often be regarded as a new species, causing confusion. In addition, the adaptation of a plant to environmental factors (mainly temperature and humidity) has a minimum, optimum and maximum relationship. Individuals distributed in the most suitable environment can best represent species. All individuals distributed in the minimum and maximum adaptation range, the closer the two ends are to the environment, the greater the morphological changes of individuals may be, but they are still individuals of this species. This is a universal law. If the minimum and maximum values are exceeded, individuals of this species cannot survive.
Secondly, Xu Yongchun thinks that the type specimen is the molecule to which the name of the taxon is attached, but it cannot be absolute or superstitious. Different individuals in a species have variation, and the greater the environmental change, the greater the variation of individual morphology. The type specimen is only a "random sampling" of a species within its distribution range, and it is not the most typical and representative molecule of a species. If you blindly believe in the pattern and see that an individual is different from the pattern, you will think it is a new species or new variety, which is not only useless, but also harmful to plant classification.
Yunnan is a world-famous "plant kingdom". To teach dendrology well in Yunnan, we must first collect Yunnan tree specimens and establish a tree specimen room. In the first winter in Yunnan, I followed Zhang to collect specimens in western Yunnan. Later, together with Qin Renchang and Feng from Lushan Botanical Garden, we went to Cedar Village and Black and White Water in Lijiang, then went to Heqing, Jianchuan, Manxianlin, then passed through niujie, Deng Chuan, Dali and Shimonoseki, and collected along the way. * * * About 200 specimens were collected and 4 specimen cabinets were made. This is the beginning of the tree specimen room of Southwest Forestry College.
1940, Zheng brought back about 40 specimens from France and received these specimens. 1946, when The National SouthWest Associated University left Kunming, he took over hundreds of specimens with semicolons. At the same time, he also collected more than 0/00 specimens of Wu, Cai, Yu Dexun and others. During the period of 1947, combined with the compilation of Dayao county annals, Xu Yongchun led two grade students and several young teachers from the Ministry of Forestry to conduct a large-scale collecting activities in Dayao, Binchuan and Dali. More than 400 specimens were collected. This time, a group of 10 people passed by the bandits' haunt. Teachers and students had to hire caravans to transport specimens, and each used a wooden stick as a weapon against bandits. There is no dry food to take when collecting in Shangcang Mountain, Dali. Potatoes are hard to satisfy hunger, and liquor is hard to keep out the cold.
After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Xu Yongchun arrived at Taichung Agricultural College as an associate professor on July 1948 at the invitation of the president of Taichung Agricultural College, and taught dendrology for half a year. After teaching, he overcame difficulties and quickly carried out the investigation and collection of tree species in Taiwan Province Province. Besides attending classes two days a week, I often take a rattan bag out for collection. I went to Alishan twice, and saw the complete climatic zone and the corresponding vertical zones of different levels of forests, and collected some specimens as much as possible, such as Sabina vulgaris, Sabina vulgaris, Taiwania flousiana and Ginseng from China, Taiwan Province Province. He also personally visited Baxianshan Forest Farm, ventured to transport timber by aerial ropeway, and collected hemlock specimens in Taiwan Province Province. About 40 kinds of fruit tree specimens were collected in Chiayi Tropical Fruit Tree Experimental Field. During my stay in Taiwan Province Province, I collected more than 400 tree specimens, the number of which exceeded 1000. These specimens are kept in the Arboretum of Southwest Forestry College, which is one of the herbarium in Taiwan Province Province, Chinese mainland.
For decades, Xu Yongchun has collected a large number of specimens from all over the country in teaching practice and scientific investigation activities. Even if you are on a business trip or meeting, you should collect samples by the way. Every time I go out, almost all the specimens are brought back.
Under the leadership of Xu Yongchun, with the joint efforts of other teachers, the tree specimen room of Southwest Forestry College has reached a certain scale, with a collection of nearly 654.38+million species, including about 5,000 species of trees and shrubs all over the country, especially in Yunnan Province, and accumulated a certain amount of literature. It has created conditions for the teaching, research and compilation of Flora of China, Flora of Yunnan and Atlas of Yunnan Trees, and made valuable contributions. Over the years, it has received many international and domestic tourists who come to visit and study, and made contributions to the foreign exchange of Southwest Forestry College.
Atlas of Yunnan trees
Xu Yongchun knows all about the division of geographical climate, three-dimensional climate in mountainous areas and tree species growing in different environments. In order to summarize the research results of Yunnan dendrology and apply these results to Yunnan forestry, in recent years, he presided over the compilation of Yunnan Tree Atlas. This book is of great value to forestry production, teaching, scientific research and the development and utilization of resources in Yunnan and Southwest China, and also has certain significance in the whole country. This book is divided into three volumes. The former expounds the tree species growing in different environments from the perspective of forest ecology; Each part recorded more than 2500 species of trees in Yunnan. This paper introduces the methods of tree species identification from the perspective of tree classification, and puts forward the technical knowledge of forestry production of various tree species, so that forestry workers can apply it conveniently and develop forestry in suitable places and trees. Recently, the book has passed the appraisal and is considered as a relatively perfect and applicable local tree map.
The editors of Yunnan Tree Atlas come from many units, including outstanding experts in plant taxonomy and young and middle-aged workers. Xu Yongchun, who is over 70 years old, has carefully reviewed nearly 5 million words of manuscripts and every drawing, and carefully considered every word. When you encounter problems, consult a large number of reference books and go to the specimen room to find specimens until the problems are completely clear. Manuscripts and drawings that fail to meet the quality requirements, no matter who the editor is, will be returned for rewriting. Some drawings have been redrawn or modified two or three times. Thereby ensuring the quality of the book. In the study of plant taxonomy, Xu Yongchun was never in a hurry to publish new species, and he was cautious when publishing them. On one occasion, a teacher of Yunnan Forestry College found a Cyclobalanopsis glauca fruit with a conical fruit navel in Jianfengling, Hainan Island, which was confirmed as a new species in Xu Yongchun. But for the sake of prudence, he sent someone to Hainan Island to collect a complete specimen of this tree, and then officially named it Cyclobalanopsis. But he later found Cyclobalanopsis specimens in Cyclobalanopsis of South China Institute of Botany. Chen Huanyong and Tan Peixiang wrote a name called Cyclobalanopsis on the desk paper, so they gave up their own names, adopted their own names and published them on their behalf. Xu Yongchun has said many times that we engage in plant classification research and compile flora in order to find out the plant species in China and give correct names; Of course, if new species are discovered, they will be published, but the purpose is not to publish them for publication.
The same is true of his Flora of Yunnan. It is emphasized that the species with only written records but no physical objects are regarded as suspicious and will not be written into the flora for the time being. As recorded in the literature, Quercus multicinctus, which grows in Himalayan region of Yunnan, is not found in this kind of specimen, so this species is not included in Yunnan flora. Later, 19 13 G forest was collected from the specimen numbered 1034 1 near Jinsha River in Yunnan among the exchange specimens sent by Edinburgh Botanical Garden of Beijing Institute of Botany, and was originally named Quercus variabilis. After repeated identification in Xu Yongchun, this specimen is Quercus variabilis, not Quercus variabilis, and it has not been adopted.
1983, Xu Yongchun also presided over the compilation of "China agricultural encyclopedia forestry volume", which was published in 1989.
On June 6th, the College Personnel Office informed Xu Yongchun of his retirement. He made no demands on himself. In the "Opinions after Retirement", which was handed over as a memorandum to the leaders at all levels of the college, his only requirement was, "In order to make the forest plant research room and the master's degree awarding point that I have devoted my life to continue to develop, I urge the leaders at all levels of our college to settle down the graduate students assigned to this subject in accordance with the party's policy and give full play to their enthusiasm." One of his colleagues gave him an evaluation that "personal advancement and retreat are light, and career rise and fall are more important." In fact, he retired and worked hard. The Atlas of Yunnan Trees is a huge project, and most of the work of the book was completed after his retirement. After retirement, he often participated in various academic activities and conferences. For more than 50 years, Xu Yongchun has worked hard in the fields of forestry education and forestry scientific research, and made contributions to the cultivation of forestry talents and the development of frontier forestry.
1910165438+/kloc-0 was born in Xinjian county, Jiangxi province on October 26th.
1938 graduated from the Forestry Department of Central University.
1938 ——1939 worked as a technician in Sichuan Branch of China Timber Company.
1939 ——1948 was appointed as a teaching assistant, lecturer and associate professor in the Agricultural College of Yunnan University.
1948 ——1949 Associate Professor, Department of Forestry, Taichung Agricultural College.
1949 ——1951was appointed as an associate professor in the Department of Forestry, College of Agriculture, Yunnan University.
1951-1958 director and professor of forestry, Yunnan university.
1958 ——1970 professor, vice president and librarian of Kunming Agriculture and Forestry College.
1971-1972 Professor, Department of Forestry, Yunnan Agricultural University.
1973 ——1978 Professor of Yunnan Forestry College.
1979 ——1979 In September, he served as professor and vice president of Yunnan Forestry College.
1979—198311Dean and librarian of Yunnan Forestry College.
1981-1986, member of the Standing Committee of Yunnan Science and Technology Association.
1983 ——1986 Chairman of Yunnan Forestry Society.
1983 ——1987 Professor of Southwest Forestry College.
1985- 1988 as the chairman of the dendrology professional committee of China Forestry Society.
1985 honorary chairman of Yunnan Botanical Society.
1988 honorary chairman of Yunnan ecological society.
1993 died in August 15.