Tang believed that "where merchant ships came, sea power came", and China "where navigation power was lost, it was urgent to train talents extensively to save the nation", and added the subject of ship administration in 1909, which was the origin of modern navigation education in China and the precedent of higher navigation education in China. Initially, China's maritime education, as a higher education, entered the historical stage of China's education. The birth of ship administration changed the traditional teaching method of word of mouth, and made China's navigation education scientific, embarked on the road of cultivating advanced navigation talents, and took the first step to save navigation rights and change the situation that China ships were dominated by foreigners, which was of great significance in China's navigation education and navigation history.

education

Tang's school-running thought is "realistic". In order to protect students from the influence of the old educational thought of "learning to be excellent and becoming an official", he often encourages students to "seek truth from learning and be pragmatic" and become professionals who "apply what they have learned and revitalize China". At the same time, attaching importance to physical education is also an important part of his school-running thought. He attached great importance to the teaching of Chinese, and in view of the prejudice that some people in the education circle at that time emphasized "western learning" and despised Chinese, he added Chinese liberal arts and established the Chinese Studies Association. He also knows that learning western science and technology requires mastering foreign languages "in order to get a glimpse of its essence". In the second year, he set up a department of western arts, where students could help with English, German, French and Latin, and set up an English conference. He attaches great importance to moral education, and thinks that morality is the foundation and learning is the wall of architecture. The wall of a building without foundation will be unstable for a long time. It is believed that moral principles exist in Confucian classics and are the eternal standards for distinguishing right from wrong.

Tang attached great importance to the education of humanistic spirit, and he boldly introduced advanced western experience to cultivate scientific and technological talents for China. At the same time, in the process of talent training, we should adhere to national self-esteem and train students with the essence of China's long-standing traditional culture, and combine the two to shape first-class talents who love the motherland, have noble morality, sound personality, are healthy, master advanced science and technology and contribute to the rejuvenation of China. On the relationship between cultivating moral quality, mastering advanced science and technology and strengthening physical fitness, Tang has a clear view and emphasizes that morality is the foundation. Tang attached importance to advanced ideas, patriotism education, humanities education and tempering body will in the training of science and engineering talents, which set a model for the country to train first-class science and engineering talents. Original soup tune

Tang Dynasty created a unique way of reciting poems, which was later called "Tang tune" and has been selected as the intangible cultural heritage of Wuxi City. On 20 12, Tang tune was recognized as the intangible cultural heritage of Taicang city. 20 13 Tang tune and Suzhou tune constitute Suzhou tune (Tang tune) project, which is recognized as Suzhou municipal intangible cultural heritage; The fourth batch of intangible heritage protection projects in Jiangsu Province was declared on 20 14.

Setup project

When Tang presided over Shanghai Higher Technical School, he hoped that the school could train a group of outstanding talents like Oxford University in England, so as to develop industry and revitalize China. After he took office, in order to cultivate senior industrial talents, he first made some adjustments to the major of the school, changed the railway class to the railway institute, and was formally established in the autumn of that year with a fixed academic system of three years. This is the first engineering college established in this school. The following year, the Institute of Electrical Engineering was added, which was the beginning of the establishment of electrical engineering in China universities. To 1909, a maritime college was added. In this way, in more than two years, three engineering colleges of railway, electricity and navigation were established, which transformed the school from training commercial and industrial talents to training industrial talents in engineering technology. The nature of the school has clearly belonged to higher industrial colleges, which laid the foundation for the future development into an engineering university. The Department of Railway Management was formally established in 19 18, and the department setting of the school changed from the original engineering to the combination of production and management, which was a pioneering work in the history of modern higher education in China.

Reform curriculum

When Tang offered two professional courses, Railway and Electrical, he hired Chinese and foreign experts and scholars who had received advanced engineering education in the West and were accomplished in engineering technology. On the one hand, it plays the role of domestic experts, but also plays the role of introducing foreign teachers, so that the overall direction and specific teaching requirements of the course can reach the goal of cultivating first-class talents to catch up with Europe and the United States. At the same time, he decided to directly introduce the articles of association of European and American universities. 19 10 called the Qing court and asked to write to the embassy of China in Europe and America, asking them to ask the host country for the articles of association of the institution for reference. Tang studied and absorbed the experience of these universities very seriously, and combined with the actual situation of our school, constantly improved and perfected all teaching links of the school. 19 13 years, the railway major and electrical engineering major were changed into civil engineering major and electrical engineering major by ministerial decree. Tang decided to use similar majors in American universities as the blueprint of the two courses, and the teaching materials were simply purchased directly from famous universities such as Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, and other teaching links were continuously improved and perfected with reference to the western academic system. Basic courses and specialized courses are taught in English, and students' homework and exams are also taught in English, so that the students trained by the school can reach the level of European and American undergraduate graduates. Since then, the middle school attached to the school has also adopted the original western textbooks, and teachers have also taught in English, laying a solid foundation for these students to enter the college.

Teacher building

When Tang founded the Railway Institute on 1907, he learned that there was a lack of professionals familiar with railway science among teachers, so he wrote to Zhan Tianyou and asked him to recommend suitable teachers to teach in the school. At the same time, according to the urgent need of teaching, he decisively hired a group of foreign teachers. From 1908 to 1920, foreign teachers employed by the school account for about 50% of the teaching staff. Tang also implements a four-year junior college as suggested by foreign teachers, which is convenient for our students to go to the United States for further study. While introducing foreign teachers, Tang also sent a batch of outstanding graduates to study in European and American countries. During the term of Tang 14, according to incomplete statistics, * * * sent 2 1 1 graduates to study abroad, with an average of 15 graduates per year. With the growth of these international students, the composition of the teaching staff began to change. A large number of returned students in our school, such as Hu Dunfu, Zhang, Xu, Du Guangzu and Qiu, began to teach in their alma mater from 19 12, gradually replacing foreign teachers.

train men for profession

Tang attaches great importance to practice and experiment. In April, 1908, Tang submitted a letter to the postal department requesting funds. 1908 In February, Don submitted another letter to the postal department, asking for more funds, more experimental equipment and the construction of an experimental factory. Tang regarded the purchase of experimental equipment and the construction of practice factory as important links to cultivate practical and practical talents. During the three years from 1907 to 19 10, although the higher authorities could not allocate funds regularly as required, they still overcame difficulties and successively built railway measuring instrument rooms, gold factories, timber factories and electrical machinery laboratories for supply. It is also important to have a graduation project. For example, 1909, senior civil engineering students have to lay tracks outside the school for one month, which has attracted the attention of all walks of life and is considered very fresh and meaningful. The school's practice of field survey for laying tracks was also the first at that time. The content and requirements of practice are constantly developed and improved in practice. By 1920, besides the field practice of track-laying survey, everyone will also design a steel bridge. In this way, "seeking truth from facts and doing practical things" runs through the whole teaching process, which greatly improves students' practical ability and independent working ability, and enables students to go to the society after graduation to be competent for practical engineering and technical work, which is well received by employers. Tang Jiao Tong University graduates are also graduates of early engineering universities trained by China himself. Most of them later became pioneers and pioneers in engineering technology and some fields in China.

Mujian library

From 1896 to 19 17, there is no library with rich books for teachers and students to learn. While building professional laboratories, enriching experimental equipment and building various practice factories, Tang actively planned to build a university library with rich books and "enlightening people's wisdom and cultivating people's morality". At that time, it was estimated that it would cost about 80 thousand yuan to build a library on campus. On the one hand, he managed to win more than 30,000 yuan from the Ministry of Communications, and on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of 19 17 school, Qi Xin made concerted efforts to raise funds from top to bottom. First of all, he published "Library Donation for the 20th Anniversary of Nanyang Public School" and formulated "Twelve General Rules for Library Donation" as the operating criteria for fundraising work. The east campus of the school was chosen as the library base of the building. From the president to the students, donations were made. Tang donated 1 1,000 yuan for the first time, and raised more than 50,000 yuan in less than one year. Construction started in 65,438+0,965,438+08. The following year, the first-class university library was completed in June 5438+10, and officially opened in March 920, with a collection of more than 3 1300 volumes in Chinese, with history books as the most. There are more than 3600 volumes of western languages, among which engineering books are the most. There are more than 70 Chinese and western magazines and more than 20 Chinese and western daily newspapers. It provides good conditions for teachers and students to learn knowledge, develop innovative wisdom and cultivate first-class talents. This library has served Jiaotong University for more than 80 years. There are more than 60 kinds of The Complete Book of Confucian Classics compiled by Tang Dynasty, both published and unpublished. The most representative ones are The Collected Works of Confucian Classics Hall and The Thirteen Classics Reader. The former, with 45 volumes and more than one million words, is a collection of Tang articles. The latter is the crystallization of Tang Classics. Today, the Tang Wenzhi Memorial Hall in Qinshan, Wuxi displays four volumes of Collected Classics and six volumes of Thirteen Classics. Later, Tang's works include: Diary of Nanjing Academy, Diary of Nong Cao, Local Studies, Speculation Notes, Continued Speculation, Xu Ai Bian and other manuscripts, as well as National Politics in the Past 60 Years, A Brief Introduction to Scholars in the Past 40 Years and Ode to English, all of which are collected in the Tang Memorial Hall.