Borrow: fixed assets

Taxes payable-VAT payable (input tax)

Management cost

Loan: bank deposit (cash on hand)

Trucks purchased by the company are fixed assets. The accounting feature of fixed assets is the purchase of fixed assets by deducting value-added tax from input tax. Fixed assets refer to:

1. Machines, machinery, means of transport and other production-related equipment, tools and appliances with a service life of more than one fiscal year.

2, the use of more than 2 years does not belong to the production and operation of the main equipment items. (In 2007, the new accounting standards removed the restriction on the confirmed value of fixed assets. As long as the company thinks it can and its service life exceeds one fiscal year, it can be recognized as fixed assets and depreciated according to a certain depreciation method. )

3. Long service life.

4. The unit value is large.

The provisions here are smaller than those in the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises, mainly excluding real estate such as houses and buildings, because the sales of houses and buildings pay business tax and do not pay value-added tax.

Fixed assets can be classified according to their economic use, use, ownership of property rights, physical form and service life.

1, divided into production operation and non-production operation according to economic use.

Fixed assets for production and operation refer to fixed assets that directly serve the whole process of production and operation, such as factories, machinery and equipment, warehouses, sales places and transport vehicles.

Unproductive fixed assets refer to fixed assets that do not directly serve production and operation, but meet the material, cultural and welfare needs of employees, such as houses and equipment used in dormitories, canteens, nurseries, kindergartens, bathrooms, infirmary, libraries and scientific research.

2. According to the usage, it can be divided into three categories: in use, unused and unnecessary.

In-use fixed assets refer to all kinds of fixed assets that enterprises are using, including machinery and equipment that have been temporarily stopped due to seasonality and major repairs and stored in the user department for replacement.

Unused fixed assets refer to new fixed assets that have not been put into use and fixed assets that have been approved to stop using. Unused fixed assets refer to the fixed assets that enterprises do not need and are ready to deal with.

3. According to the ownership of property rights, it can be divided into three categories: self-ownership, investment acceptance and lease-in.

Self-owned assets refer to various fixed assets owned by enterprises. Tenant's fixed assets refer to the fixed assets rented by enterprises from outside, which can be divided into operating leased assets and financing leased fixed assets. The ownership of operating leased assets does not belong to the lessee, but the ownership of fixed assets under financial lease belongs to the lessee after its expiration. The lessee can manage it as its own assets and should accrue depreciation.

4, according to the physical form is divided into houses and buildings, machinery and equipment, electronic equipment, transportation equipment and other equipment five categories.

5. According to the minimum service life of fixed assets, it is divided into 5 years, 10 years and 20 years.

Fixed assets such as electronic equipment, vehicles other than trains and ships, and appliances, tools and furniture related to production and operation, with a minimum service life of 5 years; Production equipment such as trains, ships, machines and machinery with a minimum service life of 10 years;

Fixed assets such as houses and buildings with a minimum service life of 20 years. When classifying the shortest service life of fixed assets, enterprises cannot classify fixed assets with different service lives into one category, so as not to affect the correctness of depreciation provision of fixed assets.

Extended data:

Accounting treatment of fixed assets:

Disposal of fixed assets, including sale, transfer, scrapping and damage of fixed assets, foreign investment, exchange of non-monetary assets, debt restructuring, etc.

I. Conditions for derecognition of fixed assets

Fixed assets that meet one of the following conditions shall be derecognized:

(1) Fixed assets are in the disposal state;

(2) The fixed assets are not expected to generate economic benefits due to their use or disposal.

Second, the disposal of fixed assets

(1) If an enterprise holds fixed assets for sale, it shall adjust its estimated net salvage value.

(2) When the fixed assets are sold, transferred, scrapped or damaged by the enterprise, the amount of the disposal income after deducting the book value and relevant taxes and fees is included in the current profit and loss. The book value of fixed assets is the amount after deducting accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment reserve from the cost of fixed assets.

(3) If an enterprise includes the subsequent expenditure of fixed assets in the cost of fixed assets, it shall stop recognizing the book value of the replaced part.